1. Clarify the retrieval objectives and requirements: The first step of document information retrieval is to clarify the retrieval objectives and requirements, that is, to clarify the types, topics, time ranges, keywords and other information of the document information to be retrieved.

2. Determine the retrieval strategy: Determining the retrieval strategy includes selecting retrieval tools, selecting retrieval words, selecting retrieval fields, selecting retrieval languages, selecting literature types, etc.

3. Execute the retrieval: according to the determined retrieval strategy, execute the retrieval operation in the retrieval tool to get the retrieval result.

4. Evaluation of retrieval results: Evaluation of retrieval results includes evaluating and analyzing the relevance and quality of retrieval results, and then judging the retrieval effect.

5. Processing of retrieval results: The processing of retrieval results includes filtering, sorting, duplicate removal, export and other operations for subsequent use and management.

6. Application of search results: Apply search results to specific research or practical activities, such as writing papers, making reports and conducting research.

Precautions:

1. Choose a suitable retrieval tool: Different retrieval tools are different in retrieval scope, retrieval mode and retrieval efficiency, so it is necessary to choose a suitable retrieval tool according to the retrieval requirements and actual situation.

2. Select appropriate search terms: the search terms should be representative, accurate and comprehensive, covering the required literature information, and avoiding ambiguity and repetition as much as possible.

3. Use search grammar and symbols: Search grammar and symbols can help users express their search needs more accurately and improve the efficiency and accuracy of search.

4. Pay attention to the reliability and authority of retrieval results: The reliability and authority of retrieval results are important indicators of retrieval results, and it is necessary to select appropriate retrieval tools and databases according to the actual situation in order to obtain more accurate and authoritative retrieval results.

5. Follow the ethical norms of information retrieval: In the process of information retrieval, we should follow the ethical norms of information retrieval, respect the intellectual property rights and privacy rights of others, and not abuse or steal other people's literature information.