First of all, topic selection is very important in the writing of academic papers. This is because only by studying meaningful topics can we get good results and benefit the scientific cause and real life; And a meaningless research, no matter how well researched and beautifully written, has no scientific value. Professor Qian Xuesen said: "The research topic should be closely integrated with the needs of the country. ..... In terms of research methods, we should avoid going into a dead end and engaging in complex philosophy. At present, in the social sciences, some people make a big fuss about a sentence of the ancients, repeatedly textual research, and write a big paper. I don't think this is interesting. " Therefore, we should choose topics with scientific value for research and writing. So, what principle should we choose the topic according to?

(1) is scientific. It should include: problems that need to be solved urgently; New discoveries and creations in science; Fill in the deficiency or blank in the subject; Correct the popular saying; Supplement to previous theories; Wait a minute.

(2) Conducive to development. Refers to: have a strong interest; Able to play professional expertise; Easy before difficult, moderate size; Have some information; Can get the guidance of the tutor; Can be completed in a certain time; Limit the topic.

It should also be noted that the following points should be paid attention to in the method of topic selection:

1, consult the literature before determining the topic. The purpose is to understand the research history and present situation of this discipline, and to clarify what research has been carried out in the past and what achievements have been made; Understand the research status of this subject, so as to find out what degree the research has reached at this stage and what problems have not been solved. To this end, we should go to the library to consult the newspaper catalogue index, special subject catalogue index, yearbook and other related reference books. In addition, we need to make a file directory card. This card can be written year after year, starting with the newly published literature survey. The way to write a card is to write down the author, book title, magazine name and page number. If it is a separate book, the publishing unit should be written, and the newspaper should write the date of issue.

2. Use your imagination to think positively. In the process of consulting literature, making catalog cards and sorting out catalog cards, the brain's thinking has already begun to work. The author should make full use of his own thinking ability (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, classification, combination, addition, subtraction, inversion, analogy, etc.). ) actively processing documents is a creative imagination, without which new topics cannot be obtained. While reading materials and thinking, we should not only pay attention to the records of materials, but also pay attention to the records of thinking, especially the records of sudden and fleeting inspiration.

Second, research and scientific research began when the topic was selected and the topic was determined. The research here refers to the key research after the subject is determined. Specifically, there are the following contents:

1, collecting data. All information related to the subject should be collected during the day.

2. Organize data. Make scattered data organized and available.

3. Investigation materials. Materials are the basis of scientific research. In addition to consulting and collecting materials, we sometimes have to do investigations. Investigation can be divided into field investigation and letter investigation. Field investigation can be conducted through meetings, surveys and individual visits. In the investigation, we should pay attention to collecting original data, sometimes drawing, taking pictures, recording or reprinting.

4. Observe the experiment. This is mainly a research method used in natural science, and it is also used in some disciplines of social science. Through observation and experiment, important data and information can be obtained, and through analysis and synthesis, perceptual knowledge can be upgraded to rational knowledge, thus testing and developing scientific theories.

5. Creative thinking. This is the most creative stage in the research. It consists of a series of methods that are both different and closely related, including induction and deduction, analysis and synthesis, from concrete to abstract, and then from abstract to advanced rational understanding. This scientific logical thinking method is dialectical logic.

Applied Writing, edited by Li Jinglong, calls the above creative thinking "creative process" and introduces the method of "creative process"-KJ method, which is very valuable for paper writing. The specific method is: first prepare the following necessary supplies: ① pencils and pens; 2 in red and blue pencils; 3 paper clips; 4 rubber; 5 cards; ⑥ Double-sided white paper for illustration. In addition, there must be a place where you can show your cards (a big table or a bed). This method can be roughly divided into the following four steps: ① writing cards; (2) classifying the cards and weaving them into card groups; (3) organize the deck of cards and arrange the structure of the article with charts; 4 article culture.