Current location - Education and Training Encyclopedia - Graduation thesis - How to write at the end of the paper format
How to write at the end of the paper format
Question 1: How to write the end of the paper? I have written a paper on this before, and the ending is like this.

conclusion

Although B2B e-commerce in China is still in the initial stage of development, as one of the most important application modes of e-commerce, B2B e-commerce contains unlimited business opportunities, which provides a broad development space for China enterprises. B2B e-commerce in China will be brilliant.

Also, add a thank you article.

thank you

When I am about to finish my thesis and end my school career. Looking back on my three years in school, first of all, I would like to thank my tutor Xu Lijuan, who has guided this article many times and given me many valuable opinions and suggestions. Once again, I deeply thank xu teacher for his teaching, care, help and guidance! .

At the same time, in the whole process of paper creation and revision, I got valuable opinions from the leaders and colleagues of the internship unit, and I would like to express my sincere thanks! I also want to thank all my classmates and friends who supported and encouraged me. You make me feel that I am not moving forward alone in difficulties. Thank you for your encouragement.

The last ending is a reference.

Just use your own reference.

I hope I can help you.

Question 2: How to write a conclusion at the end of the paper is a creative, instructive and empirical result refined and expressed through strict logical reasoning on the basis of theoretical analysis and experimental verification. It also embodies the value of papers or research results with its own order, clarity and objectivity. The conclusion echoes the introduction and, like the abstract, can provide a basis for readers and authors of secondary literature. The content of the conclusion is not a simple repetition of the research results, but a deeper understanding of the research results. It is a new general view from the whole content of the text and a part of the introduction through the process of judgment, induction and reasoning. It mainly includes: (1) What problems are explained by the results of this study, what laws are drawn, and what theoretical or practical problems are solved; To summarize the innovative content of the paper, the wording should be accurate and rigorous, and it should not be ambiguous or ambiguous. Don't use words like "probably", "probably" and "probably", so as not to make people feel specious and doubt the true value of the paper. (2) What tests have been made on the previous views on related issues, which are consistent with the results of this study and which are inconsistent, and what amendments, supplements, developments or negatives have been made by the author. (3) The shortcomings or problems left by this study. If there are any exceptions or problems that are difficult to explain or solve in this paper, some suggestions can be made for further research on this topic. For the conclusion of a paper, the above points (1) are necessary, while (2) and (3) may or may not exist, depending on the specific content of the paper; If no conclusion can be reached, necessary discussions can be held without reaching a conclusion. Conclusion The paragraphs are relatively independent and should provide clear and specific qualitative and quantitative information. The main points should be expressed concretely, not in abstract and general language. Readability is strong, for example, generally do not use symbols, use names. Write briefly, don't have more discussion, and don't simply repeat the abstract of each paragraph in the paper. The real value of research results or papers is reflected by concrete conclusions, so the conclusion paragraph should not be used for self-evaluation, such as the research has advanced international level, the research results are the first in China, and the research results fill the gaps in China.

Question 3: How to write a standard paper format at the end of graduation thesis;

1. Title: (Signature attached below) Requirements are accurate, concise, eye-catching and novel.

2, the paper format directory

A table of contents is a brief list of main paragraphs in a paper.

3. The paper format of the abstract:

It is an excerpt from the main content of the article, which requires short and concise content. The number of words can be as few as dozens, and it is advisable not to exceed 300 to 500 words.

4. Key words or subject words in the paper format

Keywords are selected from the title, abstract and text of the paper, which are words with substantial meaning to express the central content of the paper. Generally, 3-5 words are selected as keywords for each paper, and a new line is set at the bottom left of the "abstract".

5. Text format of the paper:

(1) Introduction: Introduction, also known as preface, preface and introduction, is used at the beginning of the paper. The introduction should generally write the author's intention, explain the purpose and significance of the topic, and point out the scope of the paper writing. The introduction should be short and concise, and stick to the theme.

< 2 > Text of the paper: The text is the main body of the paper and should include arguments, arguments, argumentation process and conclusions. The main part includes the following contents:

A. Questions-arguments;

B. analyzing the problem-arguments and arguments;

C. problem solving-demonstrating methods and steps; D. conclusion.

6. Paper format references

Thesis references are the main documents that can be referenced or cited in research and writing, and are listed at the end of the paper. References should start on a new page.

The requirements for the listed references are: (1) The listed references should be official publications.

(2) The listed references shall be marked with serial numbers, titles of works or articles, authors and publication information.

Give the following examples of interaction.

front cover

chinese abstract

English abstract

catalogue

cite

The first chapter "Ba" structure

1. 1 guard

1.2 wine, light

~~~~

Chapter II Disposal Types

2. 1 "Ba" conversion

2.2 Statistics

2.2. 1 type

State statistics

2.32~~~~

Chapter III Comparative Analysis

3. 1

3.2~~~~

conclusion

refer to

Express gratitude/gratitude

original statement

Question 4: How to write a paper? How to write the beginning and the end? Detailed, thank you very much! Broadly speaking, all works that discuss the contents of science and technology are called scientific works, such as original works (papers), briefings, comprehensive reports, progress reports, literature reviews, reviews, monographs, compilations, textbooks, popular science books and so on. However, only the original work and its introduction are original, major and primary, involving inventions and other intellectual property rights. Others are of course important, but they are all processed, developed and written for specific application purposes and objects. The following is only about the writing of the paper. When discussing thesis writing, I'm not going to talk about various rules and regulations about manuscript writing. This paper mainly talks about the problems and experiences that are easy to appear in paper writing, which is the standardization of paper writing ethics and writing content.

Thesis writing requirements

The following are described in turn according to the structural order of the paper.

(1) Thesis-Topics Scientific papers are all titled, and cannot be "untitled". The topic of the thesis is generally about 20 words. The size of the topic should be consistent with the content, with no subtitle, 1 report and secondary report as far as possible. Thesis topics are all in a direct narrative tone, without exclamation marks and question marks, and scientific and technological paper topics cannot be written as advertisements or news reports.

(2) Papers-scientific papers signed should be signed with real names and real work units. Mainly reflects the responsibility and achievement attribution, which is convenient for future generations to follow up. Strictly speaking, the author of the paper refers to the person who is responsible for the whole process of the paper, such as topic selection, argumentation, literature review, scheme design, compilation method, experimental operation, data arrangement, induction and summary, writing, etc., and should be the person who can answer the relevant questions of the paper. Nowadays, people who take part in the work are often listed, so they should be arranged according to the contribution. The signature of the paper should be recognized by myself. According to the actual situation, academic tutors can be listed as paper authors or general thanks. Administrative leaders generally do not sign their names.

(3) Paper-Introduction is a fascinating statement of the paper, which is very important and should be written well. A good paper introduction can often let readers know the development of your work and its position in this research direction. The basis, foundation, background and research purpose of the thesis. It is necessary to review the necessary literature and state the development of the problem. Use concise words.

(4) Paper-Materials and Methods The experimental objects, equipment, animals and reagents and their specifications, experimental methods, indicators, judgment standards, experimental design, grouping and statistical methods are truthfully written. These can be done in accordance with the magazine's submission rules.

(5) Paper-The experimental results should be highly summarized, carefully analyzed and presented logically. We should choose the best from the rough, discard the false and retain the true, but we should not make subjective choices because it does not meet our own intentions, let alone resort to deceit. Only the data obtained in the period of unskilled technology or unstable instrument, technical failure or operational error, and data obtained when experimental conditions are not met can be discarded. Moreover, when problems are found, the reasons must be indicated on the original records, and it is not allowed to eliminate them at will due to anomalies during summary processing. When discarding this kind of data, we should discard the experimental data under the same conditions at the same time, not just those that are not what we want.

The arrangement of experimental results should be closely related to the theme, and some data may not be suitable for this paper and can be used for other purposes. Don't cram it into a paper. Articles should use technical terms as much as possible. Don't use charts for those who can use tables, and it is best not to use charts for those who can use tables, so as not to occupy more space and increase the difficulty of typesetting. Words, tables and charts do not repeat each other. Special circumstances such as accidental phenomena and unexpected changes in the experiment should be explained as necessary and should not be discarded at will.

(VI) Discussion is the key and difficult point of the paper. We should look at the overall situation, grasp the main controversial issues, and discuss from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge. It is necessary to analyze and reason the experimental results instead of repeating them. We should focus on the achievements and opinions in the relevant literature at home and abroad, and show our own views, especially the opposing views. In the discussion of the paper, you can put forward assumptions and ideas about the development of this topic, but the discretion should be appropriate, and it should not be written as "science fiction" or "imagination".

(7) Thesis-conclusion or conclusion The conclusion of the thesis should write clear and reliable results and conclusive conclusions. The text of the paper should be concise and can be written item by item. Don't use such vague words as "summary".

(8) Paper-Reference and Dedication This is a very important and problematic part of the paper. The purpose of listing the references of the thesis is to let readers know the ins and outs of the research proposition of the thesis, to facilitate the search, and to respect the work of predecessors and to have an accurate positioning of their own work. Because >>

Question 5: What is the format of the name at the end of graduation thesis? It says thank you at the end. No signature is required at the end of the paper. The first page of the paper should be signed.

Question 6: How to write the conclusion of graduation thesis is the conclusion around this theory. Its basic point is to summarize the full text and deepen the meaning of the problem. This part should comprehensively summarize the problems raised in the introduction, analyzed or demonstrated in this theory, so as to draw or emphasize the conclusion; Or look forward to the future development trend of subject research; Or briefly explain related topics. Conclusion Remember to retreat hastily, anticlimactic, or gild the lily, dragging its feet. The references listed at the end of graduation thesis refer to the references used in the thesis, including monographs, papers and other materials. If it is an unofficial publication, there is no need to list it. The listed references should be arranged in the order of references or citations, and the arrangement standard should not be based on the importance of the documents or the popularity of the authors. The purpose of listing references is: first, to show that there is evidence; The second is to truly respect the research results of others; The fourth is to facilitate others to find and use.