original text
Kong Jin is from Yang Shan. My father died young, and my mother Xie Jia died in March, giving birth to gold. Mother forced Jia to marry and threw herself into the river. Jinchang, he sued the government many times and was invincible. It is said that bribery wants to kill gold, and gold begging for food is out of reach. Go back to the grave and cry day and night. The villagers were in charge of state affairs, but Zhang, the magistrate, kept his promise and made a difference. It was really a big deal. Keep your promise for a few days, and you'll be free. Jin Fu complained endlessly, and he was torn to pieces. I have caressed the old Jane, but I still sit and talk, and I have died in prison. Jin also has filial piety. When his father is ill, drinking his stock as soup can cure the disease in advance. Compared with the pawn, Lu's tomb was destroyed. Forty-three years in Wanli, father and son got along.
Reference translation
Kong Jin is from Shanyang County. My father died early, and my mother Xie gave birth to Kong Jin three months after his father died. Later, Kong Jin's mother was forced to get married by Du Yan, a big businessman, and threw herself into the river and died. When Kong Jin grew up, he sued officials many times, but he failed to make amends. Du Yan (bribing officials) wanted to kill Kong Jin, so Kong Jin fled to Beijing to beg all the way, beating gongs and drums to tell his grievances, but they failed to reach the holy place, and the grievances were rehabilitated. (Kong Jin) Go back to his father's grave and cry day and night. Fellow countryman Liu Qing and others (for Kong Jin) stated their grievances to the magistrate, and the magistrate Zhang Shouyue was very surprised at this matter. He called Kong Jinli and the officials in charge of marriage (to verify the facts) and sentenced Du Yan to death according to the facts. Shortly after Zhang Shouyue's death, Du Yan was exempted from punishment. Kong Jin cried again and was scolded to pieces. Soon after, the governor sorted out and reviewed the accumulated files and still sentenced Du Yan to death. Du Yan finally died in prison. Gong Yoo's son Kong Liang also has filial piety. When (his) father was ill, (he) cut off the meat from his thigh and made it into broth for him to drink. (Father) recovered quickly. After (father's) death, he built a tomb next to his father's grave, and the body was destroyed because of excessive grief. In the forty-three years of Wanli, the father and son were commended by the court together.
To annotate ...
(1) Abortion: Abortion. Refers to the situation of the birth of a child after the death of his father. (2) Preposition, passive. (3) Jia: Businessman. (4) forced marriage: forced marriage. (5) Litigation against the official: suing the official. (6) begging: begging; Begging for food (7) walk: run; Escape (8) Under the Quexia: Under the Palace Quexia. Refers to the court where the emperor lived. This refers to the capital. (9) Knocking on Deng Wengu: Knocking on Deng Wengu. Deng Wengu: In order to show that he listened to the remonstrance or grievances of his subjects, the ancient emperors hung drums outside the court so that his subjects could beat them and smell them, which was called Deng Wengu. (10) Complain grievances: tell grievances. (1 1) Delta: We can reach Shengting. (12 tomb: cemetery; Graveyard. Cry, cry. (14) villagers: villagers. Roommate; Hometown (15) Lu people: people who are both Lu people and are related by blood. Lu Hezu was an ancient resident organizational unit. As recorded, the party organizations in six townships are divided into six levels: Bi, Lv, Zu, Party, Zhou and Xiang, and the neighborhood organizations of six years old are divided into six levels: Neighborhood, Li, Zhou, Bi, County and Year. (16) media surname: official name. In charge of marriage. Zhou Li, Local Officials and the Media Family: "The media family is in charge of everyone's judgment. All men and women who become famous after becoming famous are celebrities. Let men get married at the age of 30 and women get married at the age of 20. " (17) Reality: According to the facts. (18) Sit: conviction. (19) Darby: refers to the death penalty. (20) A few days: Soon. (2 1) Origin: yinyuá n. This means climbing up, climbing up, and later it means climbing up on powerful people and buttering them up. (22) Exemption: refers to the exemption from sin. (23) Complaining: crying. (24) Constantly: Not only that. Don't stop; Uninterrupted (25) being beaten: being scolded. It is: suffering. Ba: One kind of punishment is beating with a mallet. (26) Already: Soon; We'll talk about it later. (27) fu: refers to the governor. (28) It is logical: organize and review. (29) Old Jane: Old case. This refers to the case files left over. (30) so far: finally; Finally. (3 1) Co., Ltd.: sound bank and G incarnation. Cut the thigh. Cutting stocks and waiting for relatives, ancient times thought filial piety; Sacrifice by reducing shares is a sign of reverence. (32) make soup: make broth. (33) Spin: Soon; Soon. (34) treatment: treatment. (35) than: wait until. (36) Land Tomb: After the death of parents or teachers, the ancients built straw houses next to the tomb to protect the tomb during the mourning period, which is called land tomb. (37) bereavement: refers to the excessive grief of relatives and the destruction of bodies. Later, he often made mourning speeches. (38) Jing: commendation.
note:
Please refer to the dictionary search network for the relevant contents of the notes.
2. Wang Shoucheng, the word Junshi, Taiyuan Yangqu Author: anonymous Wang Shoucheng, the word Junshi, Taiyuan Yangqu.
Kind and simple, especially like learning. Due to his contacts with Deng, Wang and Wang, his prose is improving day by day.
In the first year of Taiding (1324), the Ministry of Rites won the first place in the senior high school entrance examination. The court gave him a background as a scholar and appointed him as the secretary of the doctor. He was promoted to Dr. Taichang, and participated in the sequels of several volumes of Taichang Li Ji.
Later, he was promoted to the library ambassador of Yilin and attended the grand ceremony in Shi Jing. Worship for Shaanxi censor, Dr. Wei Xiao and censor Zhangge.
Later, he served as the secretary of Lian Fang, Shandong Province, and was appointed as a member of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the right-hand doctor of Zhongshu, and the minister of etiquette. Participate in the compilation of three histories of Liao, Jin and Song Dynasties.
After the book was finished, in order to save trouble, he was promoted to the China Book Club, and then transferred to Yannan as a cheap visiting ambassador. In the fifth year of Zheng Zheng (1345), the emperor sent envoys to various places to preach, and most of them stayed in Dharma and went to Sichuan. After he took office, he first recommended Marshal Yunnan, who was talented in civil and military affairs, to describe Dourgen's method.
Defend the truth, carefully judge the case, and rehabilitate those who have no loopholes in the litigation confession and can expose the truth. 14 state and county officials with more professional fields will be corrected in good faith.
Therefore, Shangshu said, "Being an official in Shu is difficult to support yourself because the place is remote and the salary is meager. I hope to call on people who have lost their families and abandoned their fields to farm in order to increase the salary of state and county officials. " Yin and Yang Jiheng of Yibin County applied for the construction of Xianzong Palace in Panlong Mountain, and Confucianism recommended Xie Jinxian's stone repair room in Wen Weng as an academy, which was adopted and reported. His elegant demeanor caused a sensation in the whole country, and his achievements ranked first in all walks of life in the country.
Zheng Zhi was nine years old (1349) and died at the age of 54. Shundi gave ten thousand yuan, posthumous title Zhao Wen.
There are several volumes in the anthology. Wang Sicheng is a native of Danzhou.
Ancestors engaged in agriculture. Sincere in thought and gifted, he could recite the Book of Filial Piety and The Analects of Confucius at the age of seven.
In the first year of Zhi Zhi (132 1), he was a scholar and served as a judge. Later, he was called to the capital as a teaching assistant in Guo Zi, and was appointed as the editor of Hanlin National History Institute. Later, he was transferred to the system.
In the first year of Zheng Zheng (134 1), he was promoted to doctor Feng Yi and Guo Zisi. The following year, he was appointed as the censor and went to Shun Di. He said that it didn't rain last autumn, it didn't rain in winter, locust infestation in spring and the Yellow River burst its banks, which was a imbalance between yin and yang.
Please send a pawn to stop it and give the victims a coffin, which can coordinate yin and yang and eliminate floods and droughts. When Sicheng visited Tanzhou, he first proposed: "The departments of gold mining, iron smelting and lifting there set up prisons to manage prisoners and let them take shackles and instruments of torture to the gold mine.
The prison originally hoped to provide prisoners with food and clothing, but since the calendar (1328), it has not provided food and clothing, so more than 30 people have starved to death and several others are on the verge of death. They didn't deserve to die, but now they are starving. It's better to die quickly by flogging.
Moreover, there are no prison meals in counties, so all criminals die in prison. Prison officials lied about the time of illness and the number of drug use to cover up their dereliction of duty.
The petition calls for a law to measure the seriousness of prison guards' crimes by the number of prisoners who died in prison. Yannan and Shandong are adjacent to the capital. In recent years, there have been many famines and thieves everywhere. Patrol soldiers and police joined hands with their neighbors to suppress thieves. However, thieves meet in the south, but in the north. Thieves meet in the west, but in the east.
They ran away when they met the thief. Please legislate against it. "
He also said, "At the beginning, we started to transport grain by sea, and set up more than 40 cranes on the Taiwan Strait to patrol and protect grain carriers. Today, these sentry ships have damaged more than a dozen ships, and they only operate in Liujiagang. In the name of catching thieves, I really don't go to sea.
That pirates are rampant. Laizhou Ocean and other places should be garrisoned, and ships can't be moored beside the island. It is forbidden for townspeople to marry boatmen, and ships will be rewarded for catching thieves. Whoever can catch the thief's head will get an official position.
The soldiers and civilians in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai and Henan provinces will still be dispatched to guard the estuaries of rivers and seas, and ships are not allowed to dock until it is found out that the returning maritime businessmen are not thieves. Before the first year's grain ship sails, the soldiers will be sent to the sea by sea cranes in late February, so that the sea channel will probably be peaceful. "
The court adopted these suggestions. Officials in Songzhou deliberately framed the people for taking bribes, and 40 people complained to officials in Taiwan Province, so they ordered sincere inquiries.
Si Cheng secretly went to Songzhou in other names and arrested 23 officials below the prison state, all of whom were convicted. The youngest prisoner in Feng Run County is about to be executed by torture, which aroused people's suspicion. He asked him, "I met three people at night and went with them." In the middle of the night, they forced me to go forward with sharp knives. They all went to the door of a common people's house and left me alone outside. I secretly reported it to the county government and was arrested before reporting it. "
Sicheng was convicted of company crime and the boy was released. Sicheng served as the secretariat of Henan and Shaanxi and toured Wuxiang County. The supervisor came out to meet him. Sicheng secretly said to his entourage, "This man must be a corrupt official."
Unsurprisingly, someone soon complained on the roadside and asked him sincerely, "Do you accuse Jianxian of taking your horse?" The man said, "Yes." So he will be in charge of this county.
The waiter asked Cheng Si why he knew it beforehand. Cheng Si said, "If you wear rags and ride a beautiful horse, what is it?" Shaanxi Taiwan wrote an official document to Sicheng, "I hope to clear the three gates of the Yellow River, set up land and water stations, and take Shaanxi directly." Sicheng visited the governors of Shaanxi, Henan, Chen Xian and counties. Everyone is afraid to take the dangerous road, and everyone wants to pay with lies. Sicheng said angrily, "We deceive ourselves. How can we blame others?" What's your attitude towards the imperial court? Stop for a while, I want to go by myself. "
Everyone followed him in fear. The stone road in the middle of the Yellow River is more than 100, and the stone is wrong. There was no way out, so they dismounted and walked and climbed vines. Everyone was panting and sweating with fatigue, but they were afraid to say anything.
After walking for 30 miles, I guessed that I couldn't walk any further, so I wrote a poem describing this dangerous situation, which was adopted by the rulers and canceled the suggestion of walking on stage. Later, he was called to compile the history of Liao, Jin and Song, and was transferred to Cheng Jian's secretary.
As it happens, imperial academy's students led the struggle and then appointed him as the secretary. Our city called the students in the hall, expelled 5 students who took the lead in fighting, and 70 people were punished by fasting. From then on, everyone encouraged each other more, so Si Cheng was promoted to assistant minister of the Ministry of War.
3. Xu Xu is from Guixi. Jiajing was appointed as the magistrate of Jurong County. I just arrived at my post and started working. It seems that I have no ability to be cautious everywhere. Not long after, there was a small official with a blank document hidden in his sleeve and his seal stolen. Xu Jiusi pointed out his crime and convicted him according to law. The state officials kowtowed to intercede for the man, but Jiu Si didn't agree, and everyone was afraid from then on. Governing counties and counties must benefit those helpless civilians, but those who control evil and cunning are particularly strict. No more than ten lashes will be given to those who engage in litigation. All kinds of tax collection, agreed deadline, overdue payment, let Li Zheng catch, no one in the chief dares to go to the countryside (disturbing the people). There is a 70-mile-long road in the county seat, on which thick silt is deposited. On snowy days, mud flooded my thighs. Jiu Si saved public expenditure and paved with stones to make it easier for people to walk.
The imperial court sent powerful eunuchs to Sanmao Mountain many times to worship the mountain gods, and the people suffered from material supply. Jiu Si found out the old official documents, and found that the government had long put away the salt tax income from the merchants' sales of official salt, so he demanded compensation for the people, and the people were not disturbed. In the year of famine, the price of rice soared. The governor opened the warehouse, took out hundreds of stones of rice, asked officials to sell the rice at a fair price, and gave the grain money to the government. Jiu Si said, "People who buy rice are rich. The poor can't even afford the price. " So I sold half of it on time, gave the money to the government, and cooked porridge for hungry people with the rest of the food. If there is a lot of rice, people are allowed to carry it according to their physical strength. Those who live in remote valleys are allowed to take rice from wealthy families nearby, and the government pays for them, which makes many people survive.
After nine years in office, he was promoted to director of the Ministry of Industry and later served as a doctor to manage Zhangqiu River. Caohe River and Yanhe River are very close, but they are not connected. When the Caohe River is full, it will flood into waterlogging. Jiu Si suggested building a water reduction bridge in Shawan to connect two rivers. When the Caohe River is full, there will be a place to discharge the sea, and farmland will not be occupied. If there is less water, control it to prevent farmland from drying up. When the project is completed, it becomes a long-term interest.
4. Li Mengdeng translated classical Chinese Li Mengdeng, a native of Fujian. Geng Yin, except Xiaofeng magistrate of a county, went to the county seat with three comrades without family members. When you visit the Governor for the first time, don't ask for money, because you are not allowed to enter with a thorn in your hand. When I dreamed of climbing a mountain, I sat at the military gate with a rope bed, but I didn't go. I said, "It's not personal to see me. As soon as he goes out, he won't do anything before. What do you think of the door? " No one who comes to the door wants to talk. When the governor inspected the situation, he warned him: "You have no finery, you are very good, but you have not learned anything about official affairs." It is advisable to invite those who can manage documents through laws and regulations to come to the curtain call, but a few can't catch it. " Before the dream boarded the ship, he said, "filial piety is only thirty gold, so you can't eat." And dreams come together, three counts of filial piety, all learning and serving the ancient times, and there is pressure every day, so it is appropriate. " The governor revoked it. It's okay, the pawn used the formula to illegally exempt, and the official only read it for three months.
Dream of being an official, there will be no guards at the door, no prison slaves, and those who have quality lawsuits will go directly to the office. Dreams are to be analyzed, so advise them, and both of them will be happy to solve them. Compared with the county gate, I have never seen a small official. The petty official applied for a job, saying, "If you have children, regardless of your parents, why use slaves to test them?"? If that generation must seek food, be a farmer, otherwise please leave me alone. " There is nothing to do in the county government. You need a person to walk from building to building, discuss the illness with your elders, or meet a handsome child, hold paper and explain the future, so that the county people can be safe.
Meng Deng dismissed from office, went to the door instead, handed in the seal and left. Ask Yu's official business, and you will seal the former official. After checking the copy book, he said, "It belongs to the owner." While inspecting prison procedures, he said, "I was advised to make peace." But he didn't reflect on himself. He took a letter to the same official and said, "Meng Dengcheng has only been a county for three months, and I have never offended the people. I have never been unwilling to do anything, but I have been forgiven. Why? "
Dream Deng dismissed from office, but not enough in return, competing with the people for food. The shame of selling people, invading the dawn, each has his own desire for fruits and vegetables, millet, left outside the door, better than the door, to him, he does not know what he has not done. However, if you stay idle for a week, there is no great lack. Finally, the county people gave 3 gold for governance, and made a green cover as a gift, and they were proud of it. Those who benefit from dream boarding, all generations, will bear the burden of walking and send their dreams home.
(Excerpted from "Clearing Banknotes and Governing Officials")
Note1:kǔ nb?, sincere. 2 poor: poor. ③ Tan: Ju, chip in and raise funds.
Reference translation
Li Mengdeng is from Fujian. Gan Long Geng Yin was appointed as the order of Xiaofeng County. Without family, he only took three or two like-minded people to Xiaofeng County at a loss. First of all, I want to visit the governor of Zhejiang. The doorman asked for money, but he ignored it. So the doorman took his business card and refused to let him in. Li Mengdeng took a Hu bed and sat in front of the yamen. He stayed all day and said, "I came to see the Governor on business, not for personal reasons. When I wait for the governor to come out, I will talk about my official business in front of his sedan chair. What do you janitors need? " The doorman had to inform him reluctantly. Seeing this situation, the Governor warned him: "It is good that you are sincere and simple, but you have never been an official before and are not familiar with public affairs. You should find an aide who is proficient in legal documents to come to the shogunate as soon as possible, which may help you make up for the deficiency. " Li Mengdeng stepped forward and said, "A humble post, with a salary of only thirty taels of silver a year, can't afford to support a guest. But the friends brought by Beizhi are all scholars, and people from different backgrounds like to study and believe in the ancients. Going out early and returning late to discuss with them should be worthy of relying on. " The governor gave a cold smile, ie said nothing more. Not long after, he was finally impeached and dismissed because his post did not conform to official procedures, and he only served for three months.
Li Mengdeng is an official. He has no etiquette guards when he goes out, and there is no doorman in the yamen. Anyone who has a lawsuit can go directly to the county government to find him. Li Mengdeng immediately analyzed the pros and cons of the matter for the parties, and suggested that they stop the dispute, so that both parties can solve it happily. When you leave the county government, you will always meet an official. When an official asked for things to be assigned, he said, "Where do children (like ordinary people) tell their parents about things, but officials torture them (like prisoners)?" If you really want to find a way to make a living, why not give up being an official and become a farmer? If you don't want to do this, please wait for me to leave my post. " When the county government has no official business, he often walks alone in the fields and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of administration with his elders. If you meet a young man who is studying, he will hold hands, talk about articles and knowledge, and be tireless from morning till night.
When Li Mengdeng dismissed from office, the new magistrate of a county came to the yamen. After handing in the seal, he bowed deeply and left. When handing over, I asked about the grain, money and public property stored in the county government warehouse, and also affixed the seal of the former magistrate. Looking up the lawsuit files and documents, he said: "Each person has a responsible person (meaning that each person has a responsible person and is organized)." When the new official asked about the lawsuit, he replied: "(The dispute among the people) has subsided." But he didn't understand why he was dismissed from office, so he wrote to his colleagues who worked in the same yamen one by one, saying, "I have only been the magistrate for three months, and I have never offended the people. I have tried my best to do my business well, but I was fired. What is the reason? "
After Li Mengdeng dismissed from office, he was too poor to go home, and the people rushed to help. Small traders and vendors put vegetables, fruits, corn and so on that can't be sold. Outside their door early in the morning, when he opened the door, they cooked with them, without asking where they came from. But after living like this for a whole year, there has never been a very scarce situation. Finally, the people of Xiaofeng county raised funds to handle his return to his hometown, and made him a blue umbrella with tens of thousands of names engraved on it, so that he set foot on the road home gloriously. Several people who have been indebted to Li Mengdeng have been carrying the burden and have been sending Li Mengdeng to his hometown in Fujian.
5. Wei Long Jiuqing's "Han Shu Don't Pass the Dragon"
Write to the prime minister and an imperial envoy: if the ceremony is promoted, the lawsuit will be decided. The promotion of the status of the do nobles is not beyond the arrest of the imperial court, but a request to compete with Yongxin Palace for Jia's position. Cheng made it clear that everyone heard it. From then on, everything is wrong, harmful and vulgar. There is a saying that in a country not long ago, he moved to the left and became a captain in Pei County.
Don't put the dragon in the position of the nine-grade aristocrat, and do nothing to correct the shortcomings of the imperial court. On the contrary, what I played was about whether the price of the queen mother's official servants was high or low, and the content of public play was publicized to let everyone know.
There is a cause and effect in this matter. First, Emperor Ai of Han loved Dong Xian, gave him all the weapons of the national arsenal, and didn't give advice to the dragon, which made the emperor very unhappy. Later, Empress Fu (Yong Xin Palace in this article) bought off eight officials and maids in charge of the government at an ultra-low price (they didn't hold it at that time), but they didn't hold it for long and said that the Empress Dowager spent too little money, asking the emperor to let the Empress Dowager make up the money, which led to this imperial decree of relegation.