Traditional accounting theory is based on a series of assumptions, namely, accounting subject assumption, going concern assumption, accounting staging assumption and monetary measurement assumption. These four assumptions are adapted to the traditional social and economic environment, and have been tested by accounting practice, which proves their rationality. However, when the Internet enters modern people's daily life and fills all aspects of social and economic activities, the social and economic environment on which the previous accounting assumptions were based has undergone tremendous changes. In the new socio-economic environment, all four accounting assumptions are facing challenges.

The influence of 1. on the assumption of accounting entity. The hypothesis of accounting subject defines the specific accounting scope of accounting work in space. Only on the basis of this assumption can accounting elements such as assets, liabilities and owners' equity have spatial ownership. This individual is a tangible entity. The network company exists in the network computer, which is a temporary alliance, with no fixed form and no fixed spatial scope. How to make a new definition of accounting subject or modify the assumption of accounting subject itself under the network environment is an unavoidable problem in network accounting.

2. Impact on going concern assumption. The assumption of going concern refers to the assumption that the accounting entity will continue to operate, and there is no possibility of liquidation and bankruptcy in the foreseeable future. In the era of e-commerce, due to frequent changes in accounting subjects, the assumption of going concern will no longer be applicable. In network accounting, it must be clear whether to apply liquidation accounting or create a new accounting system or method.

3. The impact on the accounting staging hypothesis. Accounting staging hypothesis refers to the artificial division of business processes according to certain time intervals in order to provide information on the financial status and operating results of accounting entities to information demanders before the termination of accounting entities, forming one accounting period after another. Under the network environment, the powerful operation and transmission function makes financial management move from static to dynamic, and the accounting can achieve real-time after engaging in it, which makes the accounting staging hypothesis untenable because it eliminates the breakpoint of time. Accordingly, the allocation and amortization of costs and expenses under the assumption of accounting by stages is necessary in network accounting and worth further discussion.

4. Impact on monetary measurement assumptions. Under the network economy, the development of virtual companies and online banks is not based on paper money and documents, but on electronic money as the main way of online payment. The emergence of electronic money weakens the currency uniqueness of the bookkeeping base currency, makes the funds run at a high speed between enterprises and banks, and the fund decision can be completed in an instant, which increases the currency risk, impacts the stability of the currency and shakes the monetary measurement hypothesis.

E-commerce has a wide influence on traditional financial accounting practice. It has shaken many traditional accounting principles.

1. Influence on historical cost principle. The historical cost principle is an important principle of traditional accounting, which means that when accountants value assets, they do not consider the current cost or realized value of assets, but value them according to their original acquisition cost. In the era of e-commerce, virtual enterprises belong to temporary alliance organizations, which rely on the network to achieve unified management and then dissolve after the transaction is completed, with a very short life cycle. Therefore, adopting the current market price method or realized value method as the valuation basis will better reflect the actual quality of enterprise accounting elements and provide accurate accounting information, which has more practical significance.

2. Impact on accrual basis. In the current accounting system, income and expenses are determined on the accrual basis, not on the cash basis. In the era of e-commerce, the temporary existence of virtual companies determines that there is no intertemporal cost allocation problem and there is no need to divide income expenditure and capital expenditure. Therefore, cash basis is more reasonable than accrual basis.

3. Influence on the proportioning principle. The traditional matching principle requires that the current income should be compared with the cost and cooperate with each other; In the era of e-commerce, the matching principle does not require the matching of income and expenditure in each period, but requires the partners who form a virtual company to distribute income and expenditure reasonably.

4. Impact on financial reports. The purpose of accounting statements is to provide useful information to enterprise information users. Accounting information should be accurate, comprehensive and timely, but the current financial statements have many limitations. In the era of e-commerce, based on the support of network technology platform, the generation of statements will realize automation, networking and timeliness, break through the limitation of time and space, reveal information more fully, expand the team of information users and greatly improve the quality of information.

To sum up, e-commerce based on modern information technology has impacted the traditional accounting model, and the change of accounting environment requires the internal reform of accounting information system, and the future accounting information system will also realize informationization.