About 6.5438+0.29 million years ago, there were early ancients in Lingnan, namely Maba people. Archaeological studies in recent years have found that a large number of unearthed cultural relics show that Lingnan area had splendid Neolithic and Bronze Age civilizations before the Qin Dynasty, and it was also one of the cradles of Chinese civilization.
2. Qin and Han Dynasties
In 222 BC, Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, unified the six countries, and Qin Jun occupied Lingnan, bringing Hong Kong into its territory and belonging to Panyu County. Since then, Hong Kong has obviously become the territory of the Central Plains Dynasty at that time. In the Han Dynasty, Hong Kong belonged to Boluo County, Nanhai County.
3. Jin Dynasty
In 33 1 year, Hong Kong was under the jurisdiction of Baoan County, Dongguan County. In the sixth year of Emperor Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the eastern part of Nanhai County was set aside, and another Dongguan County was set up, which governed six counties including Baoan, Xingning and Haifeng. The jurisdiction of Baoan County includes today's Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Dongguan, and the county seat is today's Shenzhen Nantou City.
4. Sui and Tang Dynasties
Dongguan County was abolished in Sui Dynasty, and its jurisdiction was merged into Nanhai County of guangzhou fu. Baoan County was changed to Nanhai County, and Hong Kong was still managed by Baoan County.
In the second year of Tang Zhide (AD 757), Baoan County was changed to Dongguan County, and Hong Kong still belonged to Dongguan County.
5. Ming and Qing Dynasties
During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, some places were set aside from Dongguan County to establish Xin 'an County, which was later Hong Kong. From the first year of Wanli in Ming Shenzong (A.D. 1573), Daoguang 2 1 year of Xuanzong in Qing Dynasty became a British colony (A.D. 184 1 year), and Hong Kong Island was under the jurisdiction of Xin 'an County, guangzhou fu.
1842 On August 29th, the unequal treaty treaty of nanking was signed, and Hong Kong Island was ceded to Britain. 1860, 10 year124 October, the unequal treaty "Beijing Treaty" was signed, and the area south of Boundary Street in Kowloon Peninsula was ceded to Britain. 1On June 9, 898, Britain forced the Qing government to sign the New Territories Lease.
Britain occupied the territory of China through three treaties, with a total area of 1092 square kilometers, including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, which is now the whole territory of Hong Kong.
6. Republic of China
19411February 25th, during World War II, the Japanese invaded Hong Kong, and the British troops stationed in Hong Kong were unable to resist. At that time, Hong Kong Governor Yang announced his surrender. Hong Kong was occupied by Japan, which began three years and eight months of Japanese rule.
1September, 945 15, Japan was defeated, signed the surrender in Hong Kong and withdrew from Hong Kong, and Hong Kong was ruled by Britain again.
7. People's Republic of China (PRC)
1982-1984, China and Britain negotiated, and in 1984, 12, 19, they signed the Joint Statement of the People of China and the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on the Hong Kong issue.
1 July 19971day, the China government resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region was established and the Basic Law was implemented. Hong Kong has entered "one country, two systems".
From 65438 to 0998, affected by the Asian financial crisis, the Hong Kong stock market fluctuated greatly. With the support of the central government, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority has invested huge sums of money in the stock and futures markets to repel speculators.
In early spring of 2003, SARS broke out in Hong Kong. The SAR Government led all sectors of the community into anti-epidemic actions, and the epidemic situation that lasted for several months was finally brought under control. ?
In June 2003, the Mainland and Hong Kong Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement was signed, and the central government subsequently launched the "individual tour" plan for mainland residents to visit Hong Kong.
In February 2004, the Bank of Hong Kong officially launched RMB business.
In September 2005, Hong Kong Disneyland opened to welcome guests, which is the fifth Disneyland in the world.
In August 2008, the equestrian events of the Beijing Olympic Games were successfully held in Hong Kong.
From June, 5438 to February, 2009, the 5th East Asian Games was held in Hong Kong, which was the first time that Hong Kong held an international comprehensive event after its return to the motherland.
20 1 1 In March, the central government announced the outline of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, and Hong Kong and Macao became separate chapters for the first time. The Outline points out that Hong Kong's position as an international financial, trade and shipping center should be consolidated and enhanced, and Hong Kong should be supported to become an international asset management center and an offshore RMB business center.
Extended data
1. Administrative divisions of Hong Kong
(1) Hong Kong Island: Central and Western District, Wan Chai District, Eastern District and Southern District.
(2) Kowloon Peninsula: Yau Tsim Mong District, Sham Shui Po District, Kowloon City District, Wong Tai Sin District and Kwun Tong District
(3) New Territories: North District, Tai Po District, Sha Tin District, Sai Kung District, Tsuen Wan District, Tuen Mun District, Yuen Long District, Kwai Tsing District and Islands District.
2. The geographical environment of Hong Kong
The topography of Hong Kong is dominated by hills, and the highest point is Tai Mo Shan, which is 958 meters above sea level. Hong Kong has less flat land, and about 20% of the land belongs to lowlands. Although it is called Hong Kong Island, the largest island in Hong Kong is Lantau Island, which is more than twice the size of Hong Kong Island. Hong Kong is in a humid subtropical environment with abundant rivers and developed surface water system. But the water system is limited and there are no big rivers.
3. Natural resources in Hong Kong
Hong Kong is rich in marine and mineral resources. There are more than 0/50 kinds of commercial marine fish/kloc-,mainly including red shirt fish, nine fish, big eye fish, yellow croaker, yellow belly fish, squid and so on. The proven mineral deposits include a small amount of iron, aluminum, zinc, tungsten, beryl and graphite.
4. Population of Hong Kong
Hong Kong's population is mainly Chinese, accounting for nearly 95% of Hong Kong's population, and most of them come from the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong. More than 550,000 people in Hong Kong hold foreign passports, among which Indonesians and Filipinos account for the most, followed by Europeans and Indians.
5. Hong Kong politics
The head of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is the Chief Executive, and the first Chief Executive of Hong Kong is Tung Chee-hwa. On July 1 day, 2065438, Leung Chun-ying officially became the Chief Executive of Hong Kong. The organizational structure includes the Chief Executive, the Chief Secretary for Administration, the Financial Secretary and the Secretary for Justice. The political strategy is to implement one country, two systems. The regional flag of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region has a red background and a white bauhinia pattern with five-star stamens in the center.
6. Hong Kong's economy
Hong Kong has undergone two economic transformations. From 1950s to 1970, industrial exports accounted for 8 1% of total exports, realizing the first economic transformation of Hong Kong. Since 1980s, the mainland factor has become the most important external factor to promote Hong Kong's economic development. Most of Hong Kong's manufacturing industries moved to the mainland, and the service industry developed rapidly, realizing the second economic transformation from manufacturing to service industry.
Hong Kong is the world's largest trading economy, the sixth largest foreign exchange market and the fifth largest banking center. Hong Kong is also a major exporter of clothing, watches and clocks, toys, games, electronics and some light industrial products, and its total export value ranks among the top in the world.
Baidu encyclopedia-Hong Kong