Although there are two ways of argumentation and refutation, they are not completely separated. Refutation and establishment are dialectical unity. In argumentative writing, sometimes we have to refute the wrong argument; In refuting an article, it is generally necessary to clarify the correct point of view while refuting the wrong argument. Therefore, argumentation and refutation are often combined in argumentative writing.

The difference between direct refutation and indirect refutation

(1) if the direct argument, it is a direct rebuttal.

(2) If you refute the argument through various arguments, it is an indirect rebuttal.

(3) If the center is demonstrated through argumentation from beginning to end, it is a typical rebuttal, such as Lu Xun's On the Surprise of Friends.

In short, when writing an argumentative essay, we should also pay attention to the following points:

Aim at the target. To write an argumentative essay, we must first set out the fallacies or reactionary views of the other side and set goals. How to set goals? There are usually two methods. The first is an overview. That is, retelling the refuted enemy theory in popular language. And also emphasized the disadvantages of the enemy theory. When summing up, you can quote some original words appropriately, but it should be focused and the tendency should be clear. The second is the quotation. That is, extract the key parts or related parts of negative materials, and then refute them against the target. You can quote some typical examples and classic famous sentences. Prove your point more forcefully.

(2) Grasp the key points. Lu Xun said: "It is the key to' discussing the enemy'. It only takes one blow to cause fatal harm to people." We must grasp the reactionary nature of fallacies and heresies and expose and criticize them in depth.

③ Pay attention to discretion. We must distinguish between the enemy's counter-revolutionary fallacies and the wrong ideas among the people. Expose the enemy mercilessly, denounce the enemy and give a fatal blow; We must adhere to the principle of "unity-criticism-unity" for erroneous ideas among the people, and we must never compare them.