Zinc in soil can be divided into water-soluble zinc, replaceable zinc, insoluble zinc (zinc in minerals) and organic zinc. Zinc in soil comes from various soil-forming minerals. Weathered zinc enters the soil solution in the form of Zn2+, and may also become monovalent complex ions such as Zn(OH)+, ZnCl+ and Zn(NO3)+. Sometimes, hydroxides, carbonates, phosphates, sulfates and sulfides precipitate. Zinc ions and zinc-containing complex ions participate in the displacement reaction in soil, and there are often adsorption and fixation phenomena. The enrichment of zinc in soil will inevitably lead to the enrichment in plants, which is not only harmful to plants, but also harmful to people and animals who eat this plant. Irrigation of farmland with zinc-containing sewage has a great impact on crops, especially on wheat growth, which will lead to irregular emergence, less tillering, short plants and yellow leaves. Zinc acting on plants mainly replaces zinc. Excessive zinc will also inactivate soil enzymes, reduce the number of bacteria and weaken the role of microorganisms in the soil.