The word "image" is generally used in two ways. From the rhetorical point of view, if a language has vivid, concrete and vivid expressive force, it can be said that it is vivid or visualized.
Gorky said: "Art works are not narratives, but use images and pictures to describe reality." The "image" here does not refer to the concrete vividness of language, but refers to the concrete, vivid and sensible social life picture created by the writer according to the colorful real life. Therefore, to be more precise, the literary image is a concrete, vivid, real and aesthetic life picture created by the author after refining and processing according to the real life, which permeates the author's thoughts and feelings. The images in the works include people, scenery, scenes, environment and all tangible objects.
The characteristics of literature can be grasped from two aspects: (1) individuality, vividness and sensibility. (2) Literary image is the unity of subjective and objective.
(1) Personality, vividness and sensibility: Literary works reflect life according to the specific forms of individual things. Everything that exists objectively in life is individual, so it is concrete, vivid and sensible. Literary works capture this tangible feature of objective things and vividly depict it. Therefore, concreteness, vividness and sensibility have become the basic characteristics of literary images. Only with this feature can literary images be as vivid as life itself, giving people concrete and profound impressions and feelings. If you just write some abstract concepts instead of depicting real life pictures, it is not a literary work. The main content of literary works is to reflect people's social life, so the character image is the core of literary image. Characters in excellent literary works, like real people in real life, all have their own unique and distinctive personalities, voices, smiles, manners and feelings. In short, excellent literary works must have what Gorky called "amazing relief-like description". The image portrayed by the writer is so ingenious that you will feel as if his hero's body exists; He seems to be standing in front of you, and you want to touch him with your fingers. " Writing characters should be vivid, narrative lyrical and vivid, with strong life breath and high authenticity. The concreteness, vividness and sensibility of literary images are one of its most basic characteristics.
(2) Literary image is the unity of subjectivity and objectivity: the individuality, vividness and sensibility of literary image are the external and perceptual characteristics of literary image; At the same time, the literary image also reflects the objective content of life. These objective factors that form the literary image. On the other hand, since the literary image is the product of real life reflected in the writer's mind, it will inevitably bring the writer's subjective factors. Through the concrete description of real life, we can show his understanding and evaluation of life, as well as his own thoughts, feelings and aesthetic interests. Generally speaking, the literary image is the unity of the external form and internal essence of the writer's thoughts and feelings, aesthetic concepts and objective things from the time it comes into being. A successful literary image is not only a vivid representation of real life, but also reveals the essential meaning of life to some extent. Aesthetic consciousness and aesthetic taste are important subjective factors in the formation of literary images. And beauty lies in the fact that the essential strength of human beings is manifested as an image that can make people happy and appreciate. Excellent works should create a beautiful image and give people aesthetic enjoyment. To sum up, the literary image is a life picture with aesthetic significance based on real life, refined, condensed and created by the writer, and permeated with the author's thoughts, feelings and aesthetic views in a concrete, vivid and sensible form. Reflecting the face and essence of life and expressing the author's thoughts and feelings through images are also the basic characteristics that distinguish literature from science.
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