Graduation thesis of e-commerce innovation 1 Research on logistics management mode under e-commerce
With the development of society, the logistics work under e-commerce is progressing steadily, and the construction of logistics informatization has achieved initial results in integrating logistics resources, improving operational efficiency, innovating management methods and strengthening information services. But on the whole, the construction of logistics informatization is still in its infancy, and a complete and systematic logistics informatization system has not yet been formed. In order to meet the needs of e-commerce enterprises to transform into modern logistics, it is very urgent to carry out a complete and systematic logistics informatization construction.
Keywords e-commerce; Logistics information; management mode
According to the requirements of logistics work conference and informatization work conference of the State Administration of Logistics, we should focus on the development direction of "modernization, economy, applicability and high efficiency" in logistics planning and construction, and start to carry out unified, systematic and standardized logistics informatization planning and construction, so as to realize the comprehensive utilization and control of existing logistics resources and application information systems, improve the overall logistics management level and realize the requirements of "scientific logistics, lean logistics and people-oriented logistics" put forward by the State Administration.
First, the status quo of logistics information management mode under e-commerce
E-commerce logistics informatization construction is still in its infancy, and the level of logistics information system construction in cities is unbalanced, and a complete system of logistics information system construction has not yet been formed; The basic data of logistics is incomplete, the construction of relevant standards needs to be strengthened, and the degree of interconnection and sharing of information resources is still not high; The supporting function for the overall logistics construction, operation and management of e-commerce is incomplete, and the related work still lacks information and data means; The overall application level of logistics information needs to be improved, and the role of informatization has not been fully exerted; The construction of logistics informatization is not complete, so it is necessary to speed up the construction of logistics informatization in the field of e-commerce business; The construction of logistics informatization talent team needs to be further improved.
Second, e-commerce logistics information management model problems
1. Some business links lack information system support.
E-commerce logistics information management includes procurement, sales, warehousing, distribution and other links, as well as the formulation and tracking of procurement and sales plans. At present, information mode management has not penetrated into all aspects of logistics management, and there is still a lack of a complete and comprehensive logistics information platform that can cover all levels of logistics business and management. Information system lacks management support for the whole process, real-time monitoring means and necessary performance evaluation and management.
2. The phenomenon of information islands still exists.
Because most logistics information systems are realized independently, the whole logistics information system platform lacks unified planning, and the technologies and data standards adopted by each system are not the same, which leads to the lack of a unified logistics data interface between systems, which can not realize data interconnection, or data often makes mistakes in the transmission of each system, which also increases the difficulty for the integration of logistics and related information systems in the future.
3. The technical framework of some existing information systems is backward.
Workflow technology is basically not used in the development, which makes it difficult for the information system to support the change of process, thus limiting the realization of logistics management objectives.
4. There are many logistics information systems, which are difficult to operate and maintain.
Because there are many logistics information systems, and each system is developed by different companies, it causes a lot of inconvenience to the management and maintenance of information systems.
Third, e-commerce logistics information management model
1. Establish a logistics business standard system.
In order to standardize the logistics operation process and management, and lay a foundation for the use of quantitative information management, it is necessary to sort out the logistics business status of e-commerce companies, analyze them according to business scope, types, processes, jobs and other dimensions, and summarize a set of standardized logistics operation processes suitable for e-commerce companies. The establishment of China's e-commerce logistics business standard system can guide and help local companies to manage all aspects of e-commerce logistics systematically and comprehensively, and help local e-commerce companies understand the composition of distribution center operating standards and how to implement them. At the same time, we can refer to the operation standards and quality standards to effectively evaluate and improve the problems existing in the operation process.
2. Establish a technical standard system.
Because the standards of logistics information systems in cities are not uniform, and the codes, codes and interfaces are not standardized, there are some difficulties in the interconnection and information sharing of the systems, which affects the integration of e-commerce logistics information systems in China. The establishment of technical standards and normative systems can eliminate the digital divide and information islands and realize the transformation of logistics informatization from "heterogeneous and decentralized" to "unified and integrated". At the same time, in order to ensure the level and quality of logistics informatization of e-commerce companies, the construction of logistics informatization system must follow certain technical standards and principles to ensure that the adopted technology is advanced, safe and has good performance. Therefore, the establishment of technical standards and norms system is an important guarantee for the construction of logistics informatization.
3. Establish a logistics data security system.
The first is technical support, which should provide necessary basic support by strengthening the construction of security infrastructure, such as firewall system, network anti-virus system, disaster recovery backup system and other technical products;
Secondly, organizational guarantee, that is, forming an organizational system with unified leadership and division of labor, can effectively manage logistics data security; Personnel safety, through the setting of corresponding security personnel, ensure the effective implementation of data security work in all aspects;
Finally, management guarantee, which needs to formulate feasible and effective security policies and response mechanisms, and clarify the security goals to be achieved and the ways to achieve them.
refer to
[1] Zhang Mingrui. Research on logistics management information management mode under e-commerce [J]. Operator, 2014,28 (1): 8.
[2] Li Honghai. Research on digital logistics based on e-commerce mode [D]. Southwest Jiaotong University, 2003.
[3] Zhen Chen. Analysis and design of e-commerce system of third-party logistics enterprises [D]. Fudan University, 2008.
[4] Xie Ming. Design and application of e-commerce logistics distribution system [D]. Hunan University, 20 1 1.
The second part of the graduation thesis on e-commerce innovation is "the innovation strategy of e-commerce international trade"
Abstract: With the development of society, the scientific level and economic level of China are constantly improving, and the speed of business development is also accelerating. The rapid rise of e-commerce has also had a great impact on international trade. E-commerce has deepened the international division of labor and changed the negotiation mode, contract formulation and contract performance mode of international trade. At the same time, the information transmission speed of international trade is accelerating, while the transaction cost of international trade is decreasing.
Keywords: e-commerce environment; International trade; Innovation strategy
Since 1990s, China's information technology has made great progress. At the same time, e-commerce has developed rapidly and the existing pattern of market economy has also been changed. Internet trade has been greatly applied in international trade, changing the operation mode of international trade and promoting the development of international trade. China's current economic system is in the environment of e-commerce. In order to adapt to this environment, the relevant departments of our country should actively study and formulate laws and regulations related to e-commerce and actively participate in international exchanges and international cooperation activities. Measures should be taken to promote the continuous improvement of electronic payment system, lay a foundation for the modernization and informatization of logistics system, speed up the construction of information infrastructure, and actively carry out research and development of key technologies of e-commerce. In addition, foreign trade enterprises should actively take measures to improve the uneven level of e-commerce and low utilization rate, and give full play to the advantages of e-commerce in international trade.
1 e-commerce overview
As a new business model, e-commerce has been popularized all over the world and has been reflected in people's lives. Countries and scholars all over the world have different understandings of the concept of e-commerce, and also give different expressions. According to the survey, there are three ways to realize e-commerce: EDI, Internet and Intranet. According to different objects of e-commerce, TV commerce can be divided into three different levels: (1) e-commerce level between consumers and enterprises; (2) the level of e-commerce among enterprises; (3) the level of e-commerce within the enterprise. According to the survey, EOI and IC have become the dominant mode of e-commerce in some developed countries.
2 the role of applying e-commerce in international trade
2. 1 Easy to find trading partners.
For their own development, foreign trade enterprises often have to conduct international trade business, so they need to choose suitable trading partners. The development of e-commerce can provide convenience for foreign trade enterprises to choose trading partners. Low cost is one of the main advantages of e-commerce. Foreign trade enterprises can choose their own trading partners through e-commerce, which reduces the cost to a certain extent compared with the traditional way, and e-commerce is basically not limited by time and space, which can greatly increase the smoothness of information to a certain extent, thus greatly increasing the efficiency of trade exchange.
2.2 to promote business negotiations
Trade consultation and negotiation are the basis of international trade business. Traditional business negotiation activities require both parties to choose a certain place, which is largely limited by time and place and has high communication cost. When conducting e-commerce, both parties can communicate by e-mail, which greatly reduces the cost of business negotiation and improves the efficiency of negotiation.
2.3 facilitate international trade ordering and payment.
In today's prevailing e-commerce environment, sellers can freely publish supply and demand information within the scope permitted by law, and buyers can also freely search online for business information. Once a buyer finds a suitable purchase item, he can place an order through online payment and interact with the merchant, which greatly simplifies the commodity trading link and provides a guarantee for the smooth trading activities.
3 innovative ways of international trade under the background of e-commerce
3. 1 can strengthen the global production pattern of multinational companies.
First of all, the development of e-commerce by multinational companies can simplify the procurement of production materials to a certain extent, enable employees to rationally allocate the funds and personnel needed for the company's production, give full play to the advantages of multinational companies in production skills, production resources and production personnel, and ensure the effective international division of labor of multinational companies. Multinational companies can also organize the production of products according to the specific conditions of orders through e-commerce, and reduce the inventory of products as much as possible, so as to actively carry out the production layout of multinational companies. Secondly, in the development of e-commerce, we should clarify the division of labor of multinational companies, so that companies can carry out more detailed division of labor, greatly improve the speed of international product flow, and lay the foundation for the development of international trade activities. The development of e-commerce by enterprises can also promote the development of e-cooperation to some extent. E-commerce is less limited by time and space, and enterprises can complete cooperation and exchange activities only through the Internet, thus promoting the development of international trade.
3.2 Preparation for Innovative International Trade
Under the traditional international trade mode, the staff must conduct pre-market research, timely release the import and export information of commodities, actively analyze the international market research situation, analyze the feasibility of international trade, and make relevant international trade plans by using professional knowledge. In the e-commerce environment, enterprises can analyze the market environment with the help of Internet technology, and can effectively grasp the market dynamics and the specific situation of customers. Compared with traditional methods, e-commerce takes less time and is more efficient.
3.3 Innovative forms of trade
E-commerce has become the economic environment of China. In order to adapt to the development of the times and seek the long-term healthy development of their own enterprises, international trade enterprises must change their thinking in time, dare to innovate trade methods and fully consider the advantages brought by e-commerce. The author believes that the innovation of trade forms should mainly start from the following two aspects. First of all, enterprises should take advantage of e-commerce to integrate and transform national trade links, eliminate unnecessary trade links and ensure the efficiency of international trade. Secondly, take measures to improve the depth of e-commerce in international trade, actively carry out international exchanges and cooperation, actively integrate into the economic trend of economic globalization, and actively seek more and better development opportunities in contact and integration.
3.4 Macro management innovation
International trade needs to be carried out between enterprises in different countries, and this kind of economic behavior needs to be restricted by laws and policies of many countries, which requires enterprise managers to have a higher management level, and the development level of e-commerce is constantly improving, which has brought great impact to the management model of international trade. In order to ensure the quality of international trade, staff should take measures to carry out macro management. The author thinks that we should do a good job in macro-management innovation from the following aspects: First, we should take measures to give full play to the advantages of e-commerce in international trade management, ensure the openness and transparency of international trade management information of enterprises, and lay the foundation for a good international trade environment. Secondly, measures should be taken to reform and innovate the bidding work, which can be realized by adopting electronic bidding. In order to adapt to the international trade order, enterprises should take measures to continuously improve the quota utilization rate and prevent the negative impact on enterprises due to diplomatic problems.
3.5 Innovative marketing methods
The influence of e-commerce on international trade is particularly prominent in marketing, which is also the difference between traditional trade methods and e-commerce. The innovation of the influence of e-commerce on international trade is mainly manifested in the following aspects.
(1) Innovative marketing concept
When carrying out international trade marketing activities, staff should take professional measures to develop marketing concepts such as integrated marketing, target marketing, online and offline interactive marketing, and actively use these marketing methods in practical work.
(2) Innovative marketing methods
Under the environment of e-commerce, international trade staff should take measures to actively play the role of network in marketing and actively use various modern multimedia means to publicize their own products. In the process of marketing, enterprises should take measures to continuously promote communication and interaction between themselves and customers, and even interact with competitors, so that more people can participate in marketing activities in an interactive way, provide better services to customers and ensure that customers can have a more perfect shopping experience.
(3) Innovative modes of transportation
In the e-commerce environment, international trade activities are becoming more and more prosperous and frequent, which also puts forward higher requirements for the mode of transportation. The traditional mode of transportation can no longer meet the requirements of international trade in e-commerce environment. In the future development of international trade, staff should take professional measures, constantly reform and innovate the transportation mode and logistics system, form a complete transportation system, ensure the close relationship between warehousing, transportation and logistics, and make it develop better in the e-commerce environment. Internet integration is the main management mode of international trade in today's e-commerce environment. Using Internet for management can improve transportation efficiency and reduce inventory cost. However, in the later development of international trade, staff still need to take measures to reform and innovate the mode of transportation, mainly to improve the speed and efficiency of logistics transportation, so as to lay the foundation for timely and safe delivery of products to customers.
3.6 Export commodity quotas shall be subject to electronic bidding.
What we call electronic bidding is to use modern electronic information technology to carry out bidding and purchasing activities, constantly promote the standardization of bidding and purchasing activities, ensure the scientific and professional bidding and purchasing work, and then promote the healthy development of the national economy. China joined the WTO on 200 1. In order to cope with the impact of this activity, the Ministry of Commerce of China actively took measures to develop and establish the China International Bidding Network. The establishment of China International Bidding Network marks the great progress of bidding in China and promotes the development of international trade industry to some extent. Electronic bidding can help China Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Administration to determine the bidding qualification of enterprises in time, and staff can check, track, feedback and adjust the quota of bidding goods in time. Investment enterprises can send quota documents to local foreign economic and trade commissions through the network every month, and the foreign economic and trade commissions will summarize the monthly quotas and report them to the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation. This has realized the dynamic management mechanism of foreign trade and economic cooperation management, and further solved the problems of low utilization rate and waste of quotas. Relevant departments can also investigate various behaviors of enterprises through online surveys. Once an enterprise is found to have violated the rules, it can adopt standard procedures to cancel its bidding qualification, provide technical support for bidding activities, continuously improve the utilization rate of quotas, increase the selling price and export volume of commodities, standardize the trade order and purify the business environment, which requires relevant departments to continuously expand the scope of electronic bidding.
3.7 Realize online application and license issuance.
With the progress of science and technology, China's Internet technology is becoming more and more mature. In order to realize the networking of import and export license application and issuance, the relevant departments of our country established a new import and export license management system in 2002, which can achieve the effect of issuing licenses online. The relevant departments decided to officially use the online application license system nationwide from June 65438+1 October12003. With the help of network technology, the system connects quota management organs, licensing units, customs, enterprises and other departments at all levels, comprehensively supervises international trade links such as import and export quota allocation, online application and issuance of import and export licenses, and customs verification, and forms a closed network for import and export quota license management nationwide. Realizing online application and license issuance can reduce unnecessary links, thus saving time and improving efficiency.
3.8 the use of e-commerce in customs management
From 1 September, 19981day, China Customs General Administration began to realize the online audit function with the help of China Telecom's public multimedia network. This network involves various foreign exchange administrations and designated foreign exchange banks in China, covering a wide range, and it is no longer necessary to manually check the customs declaration twice. Applying e-commerce to customs management can promote the import and export business of enterprises while improving management efficiency, provide great convenience for enterprises and effectively prevent enterprises from evading taxes.
3.9 Application of E-commerce in Import and Export Inspection
Import and export inspection plays an increasingly important role in international trade activities, which is closely related to many companies and departments such as foreign trade business units, transportation departments, banks, insurance, export commodity production enterprises and other inspection institutions. In the import and export inspection work, certificate exchange and traditional behavior will be carried out frequently. According to the investigation, China has realized the computer management of commodity inspection business. The author believes that the future e-commerce in China should mainly be carried out in the following two directions: focusing on the inspection and issuance of commodity inspection certificates; Realize the information transmission of import and export goods flow direction.
4. Innovation of international trade operation mechanism under e-commerce
In recent years, the improvement of science and technology has provided technical conditions for the development of e-commerce. Under this background, the online virtual market is replacing the traditional international trade operation mechanism with its unique advantages, which will promote the process of world economic integration with information network as the link, and the development of e-commerce will certainly promote the innovation of international trade.
4. 1 electronic company, a new form of enterprise organization
In this environment, electronic companies can realize the organic combination of Internet and enterprise management. Enterprises can enter the market through the Internet and conduct business dialogue through online communication. International trade enterprises can obtain business information through their own electronic companies and communicate with customers dynamically and in real time, thus promoting the efficiency of international trade. In the process of production and development, electronic companies will have an impact on the reform activities of international trade management organizations, and at the same time, they can quickly cause changes in global business activities.
4.2 Promote the reform and innovation of international trade management organizations.
In traditional international trade activities, the labor force plays an important role, such as the work situation of various departments, financial and material conditions, etc. However, if there are errors, it is difficult for business leaders to accurately grasp the accurate data of various activities of the company, which makes it difficult for leaders to negotiate with other companies. By using e-commerce, the internal data of an enterprise can be automatically and accurately summarized, and these summarized data will be reflected in the internal database of the company, which is helpful for the leadership of the enterprise to make decisions.
5 the application of e-commerce in international trade
The application of EDI in the field of international trade is the initial form of innovation in the environment of international trade e-commerce. Enterprises engaged in ethnic trade can use the Internet to transmit business documents and complete data transmission and exchange in accordance with standard electronic data formats. The application of e-commerce can minimize the data circulation time of the operating system, and to some extent, it can eliminate the space barrier. EDI plays an important role in the transmission of foreign trade export documents. Compared with the traditional order payment method, e-commerce can reduce the time and investment cost of enterprises. Under normal circumstances, EDI uses a closed private network, which is in good business condition and can ensure the safety of enterprises.
6 conclusion
The wide application of e-commerce is bound to trigger an innovative revolution in international trade. In this innovation revolution, there will be some innovations in the process of trade preparation, trade negotiation, contract conclusion and contract execution. These activities are all caused by the huge benefits brought by e-commerce to the majority of enterprises. However, e-commerce has brought great challenges and opportunities to international trade. International trade enterprises should take measures to carry out relevant work, so as to win the initiative in the e-commerce environment and achieve sustained and healthy development.
refer to
Shuang Lee. Research on International Trade Innovation Based on E-commerce Environment [J]. Modern Economic Information, 20 14(02).
[2] Huang Hao. Research on International Trade Innovation Strategy under E-commerce [J]. Manager, 20 14( 12).
[3] Ding Chao. Discussion on the Innovation and Development of International Trade in E-commerce Environment [J]. Modern Commercial Trade Industry, 20 10(06).
[4] Ding Chao. Exploring the development of international trade innovation under the environment of e-commerce [J]. Modernization of shopping malls, 20 10( 10).
[5] Tian. Research on International Trade Innovation Based on E-commerce Environment [J]. Shopping Mall Modernization, 20 15( 12).
[6] Zhang Xuelin. Analysis of International Trade Innovation Strategy in E-commerce Environment [J]. China Market, 20 16( 15).
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