Turbulent times and spiritual opportunities
? Dong Zhuo's rebellion at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty made the weak Eastern Han Dynasty exist in name only. Then the warlord regime in the Three Kingdoms period, the "Eight Kings Rebellion" in the Western Jin Dynasty and the northern nomads flooded into the Central Plains, and the "Wang Qi" changed constantly in the shadow of swords. In this huge historical shock, the "ecological environment" on which culture is rooted has undergone drastic changes.
? The political pattern of "great unification" has been broken, the cultural model of "Confucianism being the only one" has been disintegrated, the authority of traditional values has been lost, and the "thinking" of thousands of people in the whole society has become disordered in the lament of "impermanence". The sense of life crisis brought by the war era hangs over people's hearts all the time. Sensitive intellectuals lament "the geometry of life", while ordinary people pour "bitterness and sorrow" into folk songs. The "culture" in turbulent times is full of desolation and sadness.
Life awakening
Since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, social unrest, wars, political disasters and epidemics have continued, not to mention ordinary people, even the upper class, and their lives are not guaranteed. Faced with such social changes, scholars in Wei and Jin dynasties began to re-examine their self-worth, think about their destiny and find the foundation for settling down.
In the Han dynasty, when Confucianism was the only way to respect Taoism, literature was attached to Confucian classics, and its ideas were supported by the Five Classics, and its feelings were taught by words and deeds. Literature has no "self" at all. In the process of "literary consciousness", China literature finally got rid of the vassal status of "Confucian classics" and stood side by side with Confucianism, which became a grand view.
Aesthetic attitude
Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, some people began to treat others in the way they liked and began to live the life they wanted. Others say that they are "willful", but they turn a deaf ear and go their own way. Therefore, their life is very free and easy and distinctive. ?
? At the same time, it is the understanding of the tragic and ephemeral life and the lack of meaningful world background that leads to the aesthetic life. They face the whole world with naked and full emotions, and realize that everyone has feelings and people can't be ruthless.
To sum up, in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, contrary to traditional Confucianism, the emphasis on human individuality and the pursuit of human independence was no longer the collectivism emphasized by Confucianism, much like the Western Renaissance. Therefore, the literary talent of Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties was brilliant.