2. "But I can't catch such a big fish." I argued loudly and cried. (Language description)
I saw him shivering in the cold wind in thin clothes. (Appearance description)
Question 2: What is the description technique? 1. positive description: directly describe the appearance, language, psychology and movements of the characters.
1) Character description: reveal the identity, circumstances and social environment of the characters, and vividly express their inner world and personality characteristics.
2) Action description: Show the mental outlook of the character and directly reflect the character. It plays an important role in character description. )
3) Language description: express the feelings of the characters, reflect their personality characteristics, and reflect their characteristics of the times.
4) Psychological description: it is the psychological activity of the characters in a specific environment. Reveal the character's heart and portray the character.
Second, the description of the characters: from the narrative and description of other characters and events, the atmosphere is rendered and the characters are set off.
1) environment description
Description of natural environment: contrast the emotions of the characters; Point out the season and place; Express the relationship between characters; Show the role.
B description of social environment: in a narrow sense, social environment refers to place, background, atmosphere, etc. A place where people are active; In a broad sense, it refers to the sum of social life and interpersonal relationships in a certain historical period.
2) The reaction and evaluation of people around you.
Third, detail description: grasp the subtle and specific typical plots in life and describe them vividly and meticulously. The function is to enrich the characters' images, so that the characters' descriptions have flesh and blood and soul. Writing about a person is like seeing that person, and writing about a scene is like being there.
Static description: a plane static description of a person or a scene.
Dynamic description: use motion to describe stillness or personify things.
Question 3: What are the descriptive techniques? Description can be divided into two categories: character description and scenery description. Character description can be divided into expression description, appearance description, action description and psychological description. Scenery description plays a role in rendering the atmosphere at that time and setting off the emotions of the characters.
Portrait description
Refers to the description of all aspects of a character's appearance. Portrait not only refers to people's figure, appearance and clothes, but also includes people's posture, expression and habits. Portrait description is an important aspect of depicting characters and one of the important methods of shaping characters.
In real life, everyone's portrait is different. Because everyone's background, occupation, status, education, experience and personality are different, it is bound to leave different marks on the appearance of the characters, and portraits are closely related to personality. The quality of portrait description is of great significance to show the characters. Successful portrait description can make the characters more vivid and vivid, and make the characters' personality more prominent. Therefore, excellent writers attach great importance to the description of portraits.
To describe a character's appearance, it is very important to describe his eyes. The eyes are the windows of the soul, which are the most expressive and can best convey the secrets of the characters. Mr. Lu Xun once said: "It's best to describe a person's characteristics conservatively ... if you draw all your hair, even if it is lifelike, it is meaningless." ("How do I start a novel?" He wrote in "Blessing" that when Sister Xianglin first came to Master Lu's house, her eyes were "following" people. Two months later, when she was forced to come to Lujia for the second time because of her husband's remarriage and death, she looked at people "with her eyes", but "there were some tears in her eyes and her eyes were not as energetic as before." When she knew that everyone around her was laughing at her remarriage, she always "stared and said nothing"; Before she died, "only that eyeball or a circle can show that she is a living thing." By describing the change of Xianglinsao's eyes, the author profoundly and vividly reflects the suffering gradually imposed on her by the feudal ethics of cannibalism.
Portrait description first encounters the problem of perspective. Portrait description has three perspectives: one is the perspective of the author, the other is the perspective of the character self-observation, and the third is the perspective of other characters in the work. Which angle to choose to write depends on the author's creative intention and the need to express the character. First, write from the perspective of the author's observation. This angle is convenient for the author to express his love, hate and hatred, and express his distinct tendency. For example, Zhao Shuli described a portrait of three fairies in Marriage of Little Black Boys: "The three fairies are different from everyone else. Although she is 45 years old, she prefers to be an old lady. Her little shoes need embroidery, and her trouser legs need hemming. The hair on the top door was covered with a black handkerchief. It's a pity that the wrinkles on her face are all uneven with official powder, and it looks like a donkey dung egg is frosted. " The author was disgusted with her old-fashioned clothes and made a bitter satire on them. Second, write from the perspective of the character self-observation. This angle facilitates the organic combination of portrait description and psychological description of characters. For example, Lu Xun's Gao Old Master Q wrote: "On this day, from morning to afternoon, he spent all his time looking in the mirror, reading China history textbooks and consulting Yuan Lefan Outline ... First of all, he thought that his parents really didn't care about their children. When he was a child, he liked to climb the branches of mulberry trees and eat them secretly, and they didn't care. Once, he fell from a tree and broke his head without proper treatment. Up to now, he still has a sharp scar on his left eyebrow. Although he has long hair, which is separated from the left and right and combed obliquely downwards, he can barely cover it, but it is also a disadvantage to see sharp splits. If it is seen by female students, it is likely to be looked down upon. He put down the mirror and sighed painfully. " Through the description of high self-pity, the author skillfully combines his hypocrisy with his self-resentment. Third, write from the perspective of other characters' observation. This angle is easy to receive the artistic effect of killing two birds with one stone. When Cao Xueqin described Lin Daiyu and Jia Baoyu's first meeting in the third episode of A Dream of Red Mansions, he observed Jia Baoyu's whole body's clothing, appearance and manner with a girl's sensitivity and care: "But he is a young childe: wearing a purple and gold crown and a bunch of hair embedded in his head, Qi Mei is wearing a pair of dragons playing with pearls ... his face is like a mid-autumn moon, his color is like a spring flower, his temples are like knives, his eyebrows are like ink paintings, and his nose is like a knife. There is a golden dragonfly on the neck, and a five-color silk belt with a beautiful jade tied on it ... the more you look at it, the fatter you look at it; Looking forward to family, if you laugh; A natural charm, all between the eyebrows and eyes; There are thousands of feelings in life, and I am aware of the corner of my eye. "This was conceived by Dai Yu ... >>
Question 4: What is the writing technique? Classification of modern reading problem solving methods.
1. Expression: narration, description, lyricism, explanation and discussion.
Second, the expression techniques: symbol, contrast, contrast, suspense, echo before and after, desire to promote first, express meaning by holding things, express feelings by borrowing things, associate, imagine and set off (positive contrast, negative contrast).
Third, rhetorical devices: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, duality, quotation, rhetorical question, repetition, intertextuality, contrast, metonymy and irony.
Four, the six elements of narrative: time, place, people, the cause, process and result of things.
5. Narrative sequence: sequence, flashback and insertion.
Sixth, description angle: positive description and side description.
Methods of describing characters: language, action, manner, psychology and appearance.
Eight, the perspective of describing the scene: vision, hearing, taste and touch.
Methods of describing scenery: the combination of dynamic and static (writing static by moving), the combination of generalization and concrete, from far to near (or from near to far).
X. Description (or lyric) methods: positive (also called direct) and negative (also called indirect).
XI。 Narrative mode: general narrative and detailed description.
Twelve. Interpretation order: chronological order, spatial order, logical order.
13. explanation: examples, numbers, analogy, comparison, definition, classification, explanation, imitation and quotation.
Fourteen, the plot of the novel consists of four parts: beginning, development, * * and ending.
Fifteen, the three elements of the novel: the character, the plot and the specific environment.
Sixteen, environmental description is divided into: natural environment and social environment.
17. Three elements of argumentative writing: argument, argument and argumentation.
18. Argumentation is divided into factual argument and rational argument.
Nineteen. Argumentation methods: example (or fact) argument, reason argument (sometimes called quotation argument), contrast (or positive and negative contrast) argument, metaphor argument.
20. Method of argument: argument and rebuttal (rebuttable argument, argument, argument)
Twenty-one, the structure of argumentative essay: total score, total score, total score; There are often parallel and progressive parts.
Twenty-two, the role of quotation marks: citation; Emphasize; Specific appellation; Negation, irony, irony
Twenty-three, dash usage: prompt, comment, summary, progression, topic change, interjection.
24. Others: (1) The function of a sentence in the text:
1, prefix: opening point; Render the atmosphere (narrative, novel), bury the foreshadowing (narrative, novel), and set suspense (novel) as an auxiliary foreshadowing for the following; Below the general collar;
2. In the text: connecting the preceding with the following; Below the general collar; Summarize the above;
3. At the end of the article: point out the center (narrative, novel); Deepen the theme (narrative, novel); Pay attention to the beginning (argumentative, narrative, novel)
Be attractive at the beginning (straight to the point, straightforward; Create suspense and be fascinating; Ask questions and attract attention; Explain the situation, explain the background), and the ending is strong (make the finishing point and make people think; Summarize the full text and take care of the beginning; The narrative ends naturally; Express * *, cause the feeling of * * *
(B) the role of rhetoric:
(1) own function; (2) Combined with sentence context.
1, figuratively personified: vivid;
Answer format: written vividly+object+characteristics.
2, parallelism: momentum, strengthen the tone, in one go and so on. ;
Answer format: emphasis+object+characteristics.
3; Questioning: arouse readers' attention and thinking;
Answer format: arouse readers' attention and thinking about+object+characteristics
4. rhetorical questions: emphasis, emphasis, etc.
5. Contrast: emphasize … stand out …
6. repeatedly emphasize ... strengthen the tone.
7. exaggeration: it highlights the essential characteristics of ... ...
8. Duality: The sentence pattern is neat and rhythmic.
(3)
Answer to the meaning of the sentence:
In such a topic, a word or phrase in a sentence is often expressed by metaphor, contrast, metonymy and symbol. When answering the question, reveal the object it refers to, and then clear the sentence.
(4) Can one word in a sentence be replaced by another? Why?
Verb: No. Because the word accurately, vividly and specifically wrote ...
Adjective: No. Because this word vividly describes ...
Adverbs (such as all, most, very only, etc. ): no. Because this word accurately describes the situation of … (table degree, table limit, table time, table range, etc.). ), after the change, it becomes ... not in line with the facts.
(5) Can the order of two or three words in a sentence be reversed? Why?
I can't. Because (1) does not conform to the law of people's understanding of things (from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from phenomenon to essence) (2) this word corresponds to the above one by one (3) these words are progressive, interlocking and cannot be exchanged.
(6) Summary of paragraph meaning
1. Narration: The answer is clear ... >>
Question 5: What exactly does the detailed description in Chinese character description mean? First, positive description: directly describe the appearance, language, psychology and movements of the characters.
1) Character description: reveal the identity, circumstances and social environment of the characters, and vividly express their inner world and personality characteristics.
2) Action description: Show the mental outlook of the character and directly reflect the character. It plays an important role in character description. )
3) Language description: express characters' feelings, reflect characters' personality characteristics, and reflect the characteristics of characters' times.
4) Psychological description: it is the psychological activity of the characters in a specific environment. Reveal the character's heart and portray the character.
Second, the description of the characters: from the narrative and description of other characters and events, the atmosphere is rendered and the characters are set off.
1) environment description
Description of natural environment: contrast the emotions of the characters; Point out the season and place; Express the relationship between characters; Show the role.
B description of social environment: in a narrow sense, social environment refers to place, background, atmosphere, etc. A place where people are active; In a broad sense, it refers to the sum of social life and interpersonal relationships in a certain historical period.
2) The reaction and evaluation of people around you.
Third, detail description: grasp the subtle and specific typical plots in life and describe them vividly and meticulously. The function is to enrich the characters' images, so that the characters' descriptions have flesh and blood and soul. Writing about a person is like seeing that person, and writing about a scene is like being there.
In addition:
Detailed description: use a lot of vivid and appropriate metaphors, gorgeous words and colorful colors, and daub them with a thick pen.
Sketch: use simple words to grasp the characteristics of a person or thing's image and outline the image of a person or thing with a few strokes.
Static description: a plane static description of a person or a scene.
Dynamic description: describe things in a dynamic way or personify things. [put away]
Question 6: What are the expressive techniques of poetry? This is a very complicated concept. In order to make it easy for everyone to distinguish, remember and judge, I divide it into five sections: rhetoric, description, lyricism, description and other expressions besides lyricism, and structural art. The following are several common descriptive techniques in poetry.
I. Description of details
As the saying goes, a drop of water can reflect the brilliance of the sun, and a dead leaf can show the cold in autumn. Most important works are described in detail. In a sense, details are the starting point of literary writing, or the trigger point of literary writing. Because of the subtle influence of detail description, a distinctive artistic image is always inseparable from it, and it is a novel.
Second, line drawing techniques (relative to meticulous painting)
1, concept:
Sketch is also one of the ways of poetry expression, which mainly uses simple and concise words to describe images, without paying attention to rhetorical modification and rendering. It requires grasping the characteristics of the object and truthfully outlining the modal characteristics of people, events and scenes.
The line drawing in poetry is mostly the line drawing of characters and scenery. Character description is mainly about appearance and action. It is the charm of line drawing to express implicit affection in a plain way.
2. The application of "line drawing" in ancient poetry;
A, depicting characters, not drawing the background, only highlighting the subject.
The eldest son hoes beans and the second son weaves chicken coops. He likes children and scoundrels best, lying on the head of a stream and peeling off the lotus.
Here, the image of Saner is portrayed by pure line drawing, and Saner is vividly portrayed. Farmers take labor as the foundation, so if ordinary people take this as the standard, children are indeed rogues, but Xin Qiji admits that he likes children rogues best, which is different from ordinary people.
A rough description of a character can reveal the appearance and manner of the character in a few sentences, so that readers can see the true face of the person clearly.
B, narrative events, not detailed, just vivid. Sketch does not need rich adjectives and complex modifiers, but needs to be described simply and clearly in accurate and concise language, so as to be economical and vivid. ) such as nie's "home":
Father plows Harada, and the son is barren under the mountain; The grain is not obvious in June, and the housekeeper has repaired the warehouse.
This poem shows the tragic fate of the Tian family, which is not extravagant and concise. The poet calmly described the life and suffering of the Tian family: the father cultivated in the original field and the son reclaimed wasteland on the hillside. They did not hesitate to shed blood and sweat, and tried their best to expand farming and increase harvest to make a living and live a better life. However, in June, before the crops in the field were ripe, the "official" was already in a hurry to repair the granary, opened his mouth, waited for the seedlings to mature, and searched into his warehouse. There is no comment or lyric in the whole poem, but it deeply reminds the root of farmers' suffering.
The use of line drawing in narrative makes people feel that the lines are clear and concise.
C, describe the scenery, not gorgeous, simple. The language used should be frugal, general and vivid. )
Such as Ma Zhiyuan's "Tianjingsha? Qiu Si:
Old vines are faint crows, small bridges are flowing, and old roads are thin horses.
The poet used nine nouns to describe the nine images of "withered vine", "old tree", "faint crow", "small bridge", "flowing water", "old road", "west wind" and "thin horse", which constituted a desolate and lonely Qiu Jingtu and showed strong homesickness. Although the author didn't say a word of sorrow, the long sorrow was fully exposed in such a bleak twilight.
Using the technique of sketching can help people quickly grasp the characteristics of the scenery and experience the feelings given by the author.
Sketch is different from meticulous painting. Detail description is a detailed description of the main characteristics of things. This kind of description, the text is gorgeous and colorful, just like the wrong color, gorgeous and gorgeous. Metaphor, metaphor, personification and exaggeration are often used. On the other hand, line drawing emphasizes simplicity, rather than rhetorical embellishment and rendering contrast.
In short, the technique of line drawing is to grasp the characteristics of the object, write vivid images with accurate and powerful strokes and concise language, and show your feelings about things without rich adjectives and complex rhetoric. Mr. Lu Xun once summed up this technique as twelve words, that is, "sincerity, whitewashing, less pretense and no ostentation."
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Third, the combination of static and dynamic.
Wang Anshi once integrated two poems into couplets. The first couplet is "The wind will gather flowers but still fall", and the second couplet is "Tonamiyama is more secluded". The wind is quiet, but the flowers are still falling quietly; Birds are singing, but the mountains are quieter. Wang Anshi is well versed in the dynamic and static knots in previous poems ... >>