The opening report refers to the written explanation of the scientific research topic by the opening person. The following is a sample report on biology, for reference only ~

Research and application of numerical simulation of microbial flooding

1, meaning and background of the topic.

According to the forecast, the total demand of crude oil in 2 1 century is 250-260 billion tons, and only 38 billion tons can be provided every year according to the existing reservoir development technology and measures. Therefore, in order to meet the total demand, the oil recovery ratio must be increased to 65%-70%, which is twice the current level. The main ways to increase the output of crude oil and natural gas are to increase geological reserves and apply efficient production technology, which plays an increasingly important role. At present, one of the most important challenges facing the oil and gas industry is to improve oil recovery. In the past 20 years, the oil recovery rate has increased by 10%, but this is mainly due to reservoir engineering, and the contribution of enhanced oil recovery method is very small. Because of the low sweep efficiency and oil washing efficiency, 2/3 of the geological reserves in the reservoir cannot be used. The sweep efficiency can be improved by reservoir engineering and chemical engineering, and the oil washing efficiency can only depend on chemical engineering. According to the goal of oil recovery reaching 64%-66%, the existing technology can improve the oil recovery by 20%-48%, and the remaining 16% depends on the application of chemical enhanced oil recovery method. In recent years, with the decrease of new development blocks and the reduction of production of a large number of high-yield oil fields, enhanced oil recovery technology is being popularized and applied worldwide. Microbial oil recovery technology is a tertiary oil recovery technology which mainly uses chemical principles to improve sweep efficiency and oil washing efficiency. Laboratory and field tests show that this method has potential economic benefits, especially for depleted production wells. In the United States, the production of depleted wells (wells with oil production rate less than 10 bbl/d) accounts for nearly 50% of the total oil production; In recent years, some large oil fields in China have entered the late stage of high water cut, so a low-cost EOR method (CFA). Microbial EOR method is especially suitable for today's economic environment. There are sufficient data to prove the feasibility and flexibility of microbial technology to improve crude oil production. Worldwide, a large number of production wells and oil fields have been treated with microbial formulations.

2. Abstract/research basis

China petroleum microbiology started from 1955, and began to study bacterial exploration. In 1960s, the ecology and physiology of microorganisms in oil fields were studied. Participating units include China Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Petroleum, Ministry of Geology and some universities, and have achieved fruitful results. In recent years, foreign countries (mainly the United States) have developed mature technologies in this field, and have begun to penetrate into the Chinese market, which has promoted the development of this research in China to some extent. Jilin Oilfield and Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences have jointly studied a microbial huff and puff technology, which has a good effect of increasing oil production, but it needs to inject a lot of nutrient solution at the same time of injecting microorganisms, which relatively increases the cost of crude oil exploitation. The research results of microbial underground fermentation were introduced in the brief introduction of national scientific and technological achievements in the seventh five-year plan. Improving oil recovery by underground fermentation of microorganisms is a biotechnology that has attracted wide attention in the petroleum industry. Daqing Petroleum Administration Bureau and Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences initiated the indoor evaluation method of enhancing oil recovery by directly injecting bacteria into the ground. Daqing Petroleum Administration Bureau has carried out creative amplification fermentation process, injection process and field test research by using mixed strains. According to China Petroleum News 1 May, 199519th, Xuzhou has built a special microbial plant for oil fields (putting1ton of microorganisms can increase crude oil by 400 tons). By East China Oil Transportation Administration and Michael? Baker Microbiology Company is a joint venture, which adopts American technology and equipment to produce special microorganisms for oil fields according to American standards, with an annual output of 70,000 gallons of microorganisms. It has greatly promoted the research progress of microbial oil recovery in China.

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