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Postgraduate thesis-how to write the abstract?
The abstract should read as follows:

The first sentence, the background of the paper and the questions raised.

The second sentence, what means and methods are used to study your topic?

In the third sentence, what conclusions and suggestions have been drawn from the research?

We write a paper (both at home and abroad), submit it to foreign magazines, and quote domestic China literature. If the cited article is only in Chinese, it will cause great trouble: 1. How to translate the document titles in the reference list before others know that I mean this? 2. The reviewer wants to see the literature I quoted. How can we find it and understand it? With English titles and abstracts, it is also convenient for researchers who use English to retrieve and use Chinese documents. For example, MEDLINE includes some Chinese periodicals, which can be retrieved from PubMed in English, and English titles and abstracts can be seen. These documents are also very valuable. Academic journals in other non-English speaking countries usually translate titles and abstracts. I even saw the full text divided into two columns, the Portuguese version on the left and the English version on the right. Language is a big obstacle to academic communication, and English is a good medium to eliminate this obstacle as much as possible.