The writing period of the first poem is different, which can be attributed to two aspects: one is before Battle of Red Cliffs. Chapter 48 of Romance of the Three Kingdoms describes Cao Cao's poems. After Cao Cao pacified the north, he led millions of heroes, drank horses from the Yangtze River and fought a decisive battle with Sun Quan. It was a bright moon night, and he put wine and played music on the river to celebrate the generals. When the wine was warm, Cao Cao stood at the bow with a spear and sang generously. Second, after Battle of Red Cliffs. The first statement is based on Zhang Hui's novel, which is not reliable. The second statement has no history or politics. Therefore, the creative background of this poem is still inconclusive. The second song is regarded as the period from the 17th year of Jian 'an (2 12) to the 22nd year (2 17). In the 16th year of Jian 'an (2 1 1), in the first month of spring, Emperor Han took Cao Zi and Cao Pi as the commander-in-chief of ENT, and appointed Cao Zhi and other governors after placing the official as the deputy prime minister. In fact, it is a fundamental arrangement that Cao Shi replaces Liu. Many people think that Cao Cao is a "China thief". So Taiyuan Shang Yao, Lu, Chao and An Ding rebelled together and ordered Xia, Yuan and Zhong to make peace. In the seventeenth year of Jian 'an (2 12), Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty ordered Cao Cao to "praise the unknown, not enter the DPRK, and go to the temple with his sword, such as the story of Xiao He"; In March of the 19th year of Jian 'an (2 14), Wei Gong and Cao Cao were appointed to the throne, and were awarded the titles of gold, red dragon and crown. In May of the 21st year (2 16), Cao Wei was appointed as Wei Jian 'an in the 22nd year (2 17), and in the summer of April, Wang Cao was ordered to "set up a flag as the emperor and call it the police". "In winter and October, the son of heaven ordered the king (Cao Cao) to have two crowns in ten, riding a golden horse and six horses, setting up an auxiliary car at five o'clock, and taking Pi, commander of the five senses, as Prince Wei." These are the practical steps and effective measures for Cao Wei to replace Liu Han. It is only one step away from replacing the puppet status of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty. At that time, Sun Quan of Soochow sent an envoy to submit a letter to him, saying that he had a destiny. But Cao Cao was alert to Sun Quan's conspiracy and said, "It is my son who wants to stay on the fire and commit iniquity!" " Cao Cao knew the danger of Gao Zhen, so he gave this poem as a token of his heart.