Engineering construction organization design paper 1
Analysis on Construction Organization Design of Water Conservancy Project
Water conservancy project is the top priority of a country, and its construction quality and progress have a far-reaching impact on the function of water conservancy project. This paper aims to discuss the construction organization design of water conservancy projects.
Keywords: water conservancy project design and construction
First, the definition of water conservancy project construction organization design
The so-called construction organization design is the most basic basis to demonstrate that the design can be practical, feasible and economical, and at the same time it is restricted by natural conditions, social politics and economy, which makes it the most basic basis in the overall design layout and bidding documents of water conservancy construction. Today, water conservancy project construction is still a practical subject with experience as the main technology. In the current extremely competitive society, it is of far-reaching significance to strengthen and improve the understanding and research of construction organization design.
Second, the significance and role of water conservancy project construction organization design
As a technical document for the construction preparation and strategic deployment of the proposed water conservancy project, the construction organization design has a very important position.
1 is part of the overall design.
At present, there are many sub-bureaus of survey and design institutions in China, such as geology, surveying, hydrology, sanitation, experiment, hydraulic engineering, construction, electromechanical and budget, etc. These sub-bureaus are all components of survey and design, and they have a special relationship of interdependence and mutual restriction. The construction organization design is closely related to the layout and structural characteristics of the hydraulic hub, which is inseparable. In some countries in Europe and America, water conservancy projects and buildings are also integrated. Therefore, in the study of the overall design scheme, the above aspects should cooperate with each other, coordinate with each other, and carefully analyze and study, so as to get a technically feasible and economically reasonable overall design scheme.
2. It is an important factor in project construction decision.
The decision-making of engineering construction, besides the targets of electricity load, irrigation, water supply and comprehensive utilization in the region, also requires hydrology and electromechanical majors to separately calculate the effect of engineering investment, and also to analyze and calculate the natural conditions, socio-economy, sources of funds and construction period in the region, so as to provide a basis for the estimation of engineering construction investment, among which the investment of water conservancy and construction teams has great influence, especially the construction majors, and increase the changes of temporary projects and construction period.
3. It is the main basis for project preparation and layout.
In the construction preparation of the project, the planning of material yard, project facilities, living buildings, construction equipment, materials and equipment, and installation site all need to be strictly planned and arranged. The projects involving flood, land occupation, resettlement and environmental protection are all prepared by the contractor according to the construction organization design, so as to facilitate overall arrangement. More importantly, the construction organization design is a guide to construction, which is conducive to grasping key working procedures, rationally coordinating funds, giving full play to the labor force, completing the planned investment and corresponding construction tasks in stages with high quality and high output on schedule, and creating good conditions for the project construction to play its benefits in advance.
4. It is an important basis for construction and management.
In the past, China's engineering construction was guided by planned economy, and mandatory allocation of engineering design and construction was adopted. However, in the current national form, the bidding method for design and construction is gradually implemented, and the design system should be changed accordingly to adapt to the rapid development of market economy.
Among them, the task of construction organization design is to work out the overall design scheme and submit feasibility report documents in cooperation with other design majors, and it is more necessary to adapt to modern bidding methods, provide economic and reasonable bidding technology for the owners, and provide services for the preliminary preparation and strategic deployment of the project. Therefore, the construction organization design is not only the economic basis for the owner as a bidding technology, but also the most powerful basis for the contractor to deploy construction strategies and guide construction technology, and its importance is self-evident.
Three, the basic content of water conservancy project construction organization design
Due to the different stages of construction design, construction design can be divided into pre-bid design (that is, design before bidding) and post-bid design (that is, design after bidding). According to the object of construction organization design, construction organization design can be divided into overall design, single construction organization design and division construction organization design. The basic contents of construction organization design include construction diversion, construction technology, construction progress and construction layout.
(1) Construction diversion
The water conservancy project is built on the river with water source, so there is a contradiction between its construction and the river. In order to solve this contradiction, it is necessary to divert some or even all rivers to form dry land construction conditions and try not to destroy the conditions of comprehensive utilization of rivers, so it is necessary to put forward special construction diversion design. Construction diversion is an important factor in selecting dam site, hub layout, dam structure and construction method, construction progress and construction layout in water conservancy project design, and it is also the central link of the whole construction organization design.
Therefore, controlling the construction period is the main key and an important factor affecting the total investment of the project. The construction of water conservancy projects needs to adapt to natural conditions, so the most important thing is to adapt to the laws of water regime. In general, the cost of adapting to the water regime law is far less than the cost of changing the water regime law, and in many cases, the water regime law is difficult to change or even impossible to change, so the construction diversion has become the control link of the main project construction, and in the diversion project, interception, drainage, flooding, plugging, flood control and water storage have all become the construction control factors of the main project.
Obviously, if we can adapt to the construction procedures and river laws of the main project well, and the project is progressing smoothly, then we can save money. But if we don't do this, it will not only disrupt the construction plan, delay the construction period and increase the cost, but also cause an accident, resulting in forced shutdown and seriously affecting the construction of water conservancy projects. In the case of special construction technology and equipment, the construction period of water conservancy projects depends on the number of projects and the construction diversion conditions. This is because the engineering cost of diversion can be inversely proportional to the construction period, so the construction diversion is still the main factor to control the construction period.
It should be noted that river closure is a key link in our construction diversion design and an important procedure for the commencement of the main project. Only when the diversion structure is completed can the diversion conditions be met, so the premise of river closure is diversion, and the diversion measures of diversion structure and water retaining cofferdam have realized the diversion project.
(2) Construction method
The basis of construction organization design is construction method, which is completed by construction technology, construction sequence and construction technology under specific construction equipment. The construction method is important because it is a comprehensive study of the technical feasibility and economic rationality of the building structure after construction, and its research projects are basically as follows:
2. 1 Study the technical characteristics of the construction of the building and the main project, as well as the implementation sequence and methods.
2.2 Study the construction sequence of the main project and the implementation status and technical characteristics of construction diversion.
2.3 With the support of specific technical equipment, study the reasonable index of low construction intensity that can be achieved within the construction period.
2.4 Construction procedures for scientific research institutes to adapt to reasonable layout of building planes and facades.
2.5 Study the necessary technical material supply and material consumption to provide basic data for unit price budget analysis.
2.6 Study the scientific management of construction safety, quality, progress and benefit, and study the construction technology and requirements.
(3) the progress of the construction
The progress of planned construction is from construction preparation to project site completion. During the whole construction period, the relationship between the construction procedure, construction speed and technical supply of each single project composed of all buildings, as well as the overall planning time and intensity index shown by comprehensive coordination and balance, the current progress plan is expressed in the form of crossing diagram, diagonal diagram and network diagram. So when studying the construction schedule, the key problems to be solved are:
3. 1 The construction procedures shall be reasonably divided. It is in water conservancy projects that it is necessary to reasonably divide the time periods that have great influence on the construction degree, such as river closure, flood, plugging, flood interception and water storage period, so as to arrange and divide them reasonably.
3.2 Construction mechanization level. Mechanical equipment needs to adapt to the natural conditions of the project and the characteristics of the building. The procedure of construction machinery and equipment has an impact on the construction intensity, and will directly affect the construction speed and project progress.
3.3 Control of key construction period. Through the construction practice of water conservancy project, it can be found that the initial river closure and the first dry season construction in the later period control the exchange of the whole project progress. Therefore, while arranging the schedule, we should fully demonstrate the construction methods and means of diversion structures before river closure and dams after river closure, including river closure, foundation pit drainage and foundation treatment, dam filling, etc., so as to achieve reasonable and safe flood control and divide key construction periods.
3.4 Effect of economic investment. Because there are many water conservancy projects, complex types of work, large quantities, long construction period, far away from towns and huge investment, it is difficult to plan the progress and there are many changing factors. Its schedule is more closely related to the input of resources and time, and its influence is greater, which requires that the schedule should make full use of resources and resources to achieve the best economic effect.
Engineering construction organization design paper II
On the compilation of construction organization design of building engineering
Combined with practical work, it analyzes the situation that should be paid attention to in the process of compiling the construction organization design of building engineering, so as to organize the construction of the engineering project in the most effective, economical, reasonable, rhythmic, civilized and safe way, so as to realize the engineering project with good quality, quantity, speed and safety.
Keywords: preparation; Reasonable; Scientific arrangement
The construction organization design of building engineering is a global guiding document based on the preliminary design or expanded preliminary design drawings, other relevant materials and on-site construction conditions, which is used to guide the whole building engineering or group engineering to carry out construction approval and organize construction activities. It is the basis for construction enterprises to establish construction conditions, assemble construction forces, organize the supply of materials and resources, and plan temporary facilities for production and living on site. It is also the basis for construction enterprises to formulate annual construction plans and organizational design of unit projects, and it is an effective measure for construction enterprises to realize scientific management and ensure the optimal completion of construction tasks.
In my daily work, I find that the preparation of this part determines the rationality of the whole project construction and plays an important role in the completion of the project. So, for the preparation of construction organization design, talk about the following points:
1. Comply with relevant laws and regulations.
China has promulgated a series of laws and regulations on the construction of building projects, and the project can only be started after it has been approved by the relevant departments to meet the construction conditions. Therefore, in the preparation of construction organization design, we must strictly abide by laws and regulations and conscientiously implement the relevant provisions of capital construction, which is the basic condition for the preparation of all construction organization designs.
2, strictly implement the construction procedures
Each project has strict construction procedures, which is the basic core to ensure the smooth progress of construction. If the normal construction procedure is violated, changing the objective construction procedure at will according to one's own subjective imagination will not only not speed up production, but will lead to serious safety consequences. Therefore, when compiling the construction organization design, we must strictly abide by the basic engineering construction procedures, and those who compile the construction organization design should also have a very clear understanding of the actual construction of the project.
3, take the construction organization scheme comparison method.
The selection of construction schemes must be compared with multiple schemes, and the comparison must be realistic. It is forbidden to demonstrate an established scheme in a mere formality. The purpose of comparison is to choose the most economical and reasonable scheme among multiple schemes. At present, new construction technology often involves design, building materials and other factors, and all aspects should cooperate closely. It must be pointed out that adopting new technology is not the goal, but the goal is to obtain the optimal index scheme. Therefore, we must proceed from reality and never copy it mechanically. For some traditional methods that are still effective at present, as long as the indicators obtained in the scheme election are good, they are still excellent schemes. Of course, we should also pay attention to the development direction of a new technology in the scheme comparison. If a new technology is immature due to some habits or objective conditions, its promotion is not obvious or even bad, as long as the final direction is correct, it should be allowed to be piloted and improved in practice, and finally achieve the goal.
4, scientific arrangement of construction plan
The construction scheme is the most important part of the construction organization design document. The calculation and supply of all on-site resource requirements, the arrangement of various business organizations, and the layout of the general construction plane should be based on the construction plan, which is arranged according to the requirements of specific projects on the basis of the priority construction plan.
The construction plan of any project, that is, the construction sequence of each sub-project and work in the project, must have certain objective laws, that is, a series of construction activities are arranged in the overall space and time of the project. Some should be connected in sequence, some can overlap, and some should have a certain technical gap. These are the objective laws of construction. In order to shorten the construction period, interchange or parallel construction can also be organized. Sometimes, in order to balance some resources, we can organize flow construction or artificially extend or adjust the construction period of a certain type of work.
In addition, there is a problem of the sequence between different parts of the project, such as underground first and then on the ground; First do the foundation, then do the main structure, and then do the decoration project. However, if there is no reasonable planning in the actual construction, there will also be reverse, resulting in a series of losses and waste.
5. Adopt advanced construction technology and equipment.
Try to adopt advanced science and technology and strive to improve the construction level. In building construction, the adoption of advanced construction technology, reasonable selection of construction scheme and scientific organization method are the keys to improve labor productivity, shorten construction period, improve project quality and reduce project cost and consumption, and special attention should be paid when compiling construction organization design. What we should pay attention to here is that we must absorb advanced technology at home and abroad on the existing basis and level in combination with reality. We must first collect information, conduct research and analysis, and apply it after the test is successful. In the end, all the technical indexes are excellent, the operation is safe, and it meets the construction acceptance standards.
6, to ensure the engineering quality and construction safety
? A century-old plan, quality first? It is a common slogan on the construction site and a unique slogan on the capital construction front. It is put forward according to the characteristics of high economic value and long service life of building products. Therefore, when compiling the construction organization design, it should be carried out seriously? Quality first? And then what? Safe production? Policy, in strict accordance with the requirements of construction acceptance specifications and construction operation procedures, formulate specific quality and safety assurance measures to ensure the smooth progress of the project. At the same time, in the whole construction process, quality and safety education, inspection, summary and evaluation are carried out in stages, so that the quality and safety work is under dynamic and effective management.
7. Save resources and reduce costs
When compiling the construction organization design, we should conscientiously implement the policy of self-reliance and thrift. All technical measures should be adapted to the enterprise's own manpower, material resources and financial resources. And not greedy for foreign countries, so as to receive better technical and economic effects. Such as local conditions, local materials, minimize temporary facilities, save land, and strive to reduce the project cost. When compiling the construction organization design, we should make full use of the original facilities on the construction site and reduce the cost of temporary facilities. Reasonable selection of local resources, reasonable arrangement of material transportation, loading and unloading and storage operations, reduction of material transportation, avoidance of secondary handling, careful site planning and layout, saving construction land and reducing all unproductive expenses and management expenses.
8. Strengthen seasonal construction measures
Because building construction does not have a stable workplace and working environment like working in a factory workshop, it is open-air, high-altitude and outdoor work, and the workplace and environment are constantly changing and subject to many external constraints. Therefore, making a scientific and reasonable construction plan, making a comprehensive and balanced allocation of manpower and material resources, and making special construction technical measures in winter, rainy season and high temperature season are the basis for determining whether the project can be carried out smoothly.
For example, the foundation construction should avoid the rainy season as much as possible to reduce the drainage facilities and drainage costs, which is conducive to the continuous construction of the project; Exterior wall decoration works should be constructed at low temperature in winter, so as to reduce the cost of cold protection and warmth preservation and prevent freezing accidents. When ensuring the construction of key projects, some auxiliary and auxiliary projects are appropriately interspersed to expand the construction work surface and reduce the number of labor and mechanical equipment entering and leaving the field; Try to avoid the phenomenon of tight time and loose time in the use of labor and the supply of building materials.
refer to
1. Construction Organization and Project Management by Huang Shusen and Cheng Jianwei-Beijing: Machinery Industry Press, 20 12.438+0.
Engineering construction organization design paper 3
Bridge construction organization design
Bridge construction projects are generally contracted to construction units through bidding, so the construction units need to prepare the construction organization design and carry out the construction according to the construction organization design to ensure the construction quality and time limit. Therefore, the compilation and implementation of construction organization design has an important impact on bridge construction. This paper mainly introduces the compilation, implementation, inspection and adjustment of bridge construction organization design.
Keywords: bridge; Compile; Execution; Check;
1. Compilation of bridge construction organization design
After winning the bid before the bridge project starts, the construction organization design must be compiled by the construction unit. For projects with general contracting and subcontracting, the overall construction organization design shall be compiled by the general contracting unit, and the construction organization design of subcontracting projects shall be compiled by the subcontracting unit. The contract time limit for a project and relevant regulations are the basis for compiling the construction organization design. At the same time, in order to be practical and more reasonable, the opinions of various cooperative construction units should be widely solicited.
Special studies should be conducted. For projects with new technology or difficult construction and complex structure, experienced professional engineers and workers should be invited to attend special meetings when necessary. Use the wisdom of the group to formulate scientific and reasonable measures and construction plans, and lay a solid mass foundation for the compilation and implementation of construction organization design.
In addition to the technical department, we should also give full play to the advantages and functions of various functional departments and work out the bridge construction organization design. We should make full use of the personnel, financial resources, security, labor, machinery, materials and other departments within the construction enterprise to participate in the preparation review, give full play to the management and technical advantages, and realize the overall arrangement. At the same time, it can also make all functional departments know fairly well in the process of implementing construction organization design.
1. 1 Basic compilation principles of bridge construction organization design
First, capital construction procedures must be strictly implemented.
The construction sequence must be arranged scientifically and reasonably. In order to ensure the key points of overall arrangement, the project that controls the construction period should highlight the key points. In order to formulate the most reasonable construction organization scheme, network planning technology and flow construction method should be adopted as far as possible to achieve continuous, rhythmic and balanced construction. Second, in order to ensure continuous construction throughout the year, seasonal construction measures shall be implemented, construction projects in winter and rainy seasons shall be arranged scientifically and reasonably, and new technologies, new equipment and new materials shall be adopted as far as possible when conditions permit. Thirdly, the safety measures and technical measures to ensure the engineering quality are put forward. Minimize the scale of temporary facilities, store materials reasonably, and reduce the transportation volume of materials under the condition of meeting the construction needs; In order to improve the economic benefit and reduce the project cost, we should arrange the construction plan reasonably, reduce the land use and save all kinds of expenses. Four, according to the national laws and regulations on environmental protection, in order to reduce or alleviate the environmental pollution caused by construction, necessary measures should be formulated for civilized construction.
1.2 overall planning of bridge construction organization design
The compilation of bridge construction organization design should not only adopt correct and reasonable methods, but also adopt feasible compilation procedures to coordinate various influencing factors according to the objective laws of construction, and pay more attention to the feedback of relevant information.
First, after the research and analysis of contract documents and design documents, it is necessary to carry out relevant investigation and study, calculate the engineering quantity, select the construction scheme and determine the construction method. 2. When preparing the construction progress plan, make the supply plan. According to the calculated requirements of machinery, equipment, materials, labor and other resources, determine the heating, water supply, power supply and temporary works plans, and formulate the transportation organization of the construction site. Third, design the construction scheme and determine the construction organization and management organization. Four, the preparation of technical measures plan, environmental protection, civilization, safety and quality construction measures plan, calculation and written explanation of the main technical and economic indicators.
2. Implementation, inspection and adjustment of bridge construction organization design
2. 1 implementation of bridge construction organization design
The following aspects should be done well to ensure the construction organization to carry out facilities work:
1) to do a good job in the disclosure of construction organization design.
Technical and production meetings at all levels should be held. Before the project starts, the construction organization design approved by the superior shall be disclosed step by step from top to bottom, detailing its contents, key construction technologies, relevant guarantee measures and technical quality requirements. Organize mass discussion in the construction work area and team, formulate technical organization measures, and make corresponding decisions to complete the task. According to the principle of determining the construction organization design, instruct the planning department to work out a feasible and strict construction plan, each construction work area issues a construction plan, and further decomposes the construction plan and divides tasks, and each construction team and team is responsible for the specific implementation of the assigned tasks; According to the construction plan determined by the construction organization design, guide the technical department to formulate scientific, reasonable and specific construction technology and technical implementation rules to ensure the implementation of the accident organization design.
2) Formulate various management rules and regulations.
The technical quality, management quality and management level of construction enterprises determine whether the construction organization design can be implemented smoothly. Whether an enterprise is sound in the local area is a sign of its level and quality. Enterprises must establish scientific and sound management rules and regulations to ensure project quality, improve labor productivity, prevent loopholes and accidents, and maintain normal production order.
3) Implement the technical and economic contract system.
The implementation of technical and economic contract system in construction can make the construction organization design better implemented. Technical and economic contracting can clarify the responsibilities of both contracting parties, and it is an important means to ensure the realization of contracting objectives and make supervision and mutual promotion more convenient by using economic methods and means. In order to fully implement the construction organization design, it is necessary to link the material interests of employees with the technical and economic responsibilities in the construction process, so that rewards and punishments are clear.
4) Comprehensive balance and overall arrangement.
In the process of bridge construction, in order to meet the needs of engineering construction and obtain better economic benefits, we should maintain a reasonable construction plan and make overall arrangements for the material, financial and human resources needed for construction. There is absolute imbalance and relative balance in the construction process, and the change of a certain condition in the construction will cause this imbalance. In order to ensure the continuity, balance and rhythm of the construction, it is necessary to analyze and study the unbalanced factors in time, comprehensively and comprehensively balance the types of work and construction conditions of various professions, and further improve the construction organization design.
2.2 Inspection of bridge construction organization design
2.2. 1 Check the completion of major indicators.
Generally, the main indicators proposed in the construction organization design are checked by comparing the planned indicators with the completion of various indicators. Material consumption, cost, project progress and quality, machinery use, etc. It's all part of the inspection. It is necessary to combine the inspection of the corresponding construction progress, construction methods and construction contents with the inspection of the main indicators to find out the problems, find out the gaps, provide the basis and analyze the reasons.
2.2.2 Check the rationality of the construction site plan.
In the process of construction, the storage and stacking of machines and tools, the construction of temporary facilities, the laying of pipe networks and the construction of temporary bridges must be carried out in accordance with the layout requirements of the general construction plan; The construction site should also meet the requirements of civilized construction. Under normal circumstances, the general construction scheme shall not be changed at will, and the improvement scheme shall be formulated in time. When the reverse direction is unreasonable, it should be reported to the relevant departments for approval and then modified to meet the needs of construction progress.
2.2.3 Check the implementation of the construction organization design.
Whether the construction organization design violates the principle and can achieve the predetermined goal in the construction process needs to be tested in the construction process. In order to make the construction according to the predetermined methods, procedures and schemes, it is very important to maintain normal production order.
2.3 adjustment of bridge construction organization design
The situation in the construction site is ever-changing, and some original methods, conditions and procedures in the construction organization design may change during the implementation. For various reasons, some local adjustments are very necessary. The improvement scheme and measures are mainly based on the problems found in the implementation of construction organization design and their causes; Adjust the relevant indicators or parts of construction organization design; In order to achieve a new balance in the construction organization design, the general plan was revised under the new conditions.
To sum up, the bridge construction organization design plans and deploys all the construction and production activities of the bridge project, so that the production and construction can be carried out effectively and orderly; Take measures in advance for possible problems to ensure the smooth progress of construction; Only by implementing the construction organization design can the bridge construction be carried out continuously, rhythmically and evenly, so that the bridge construction can obtain the maximum technical and economic effect at the lowest economic cost. Therefore, the compilation, implementation, inspection and adjustment of bridge construction organization design are very important for bridge construction.
Reference: [1] Li. Bridge construction organization design [J]. China new technology and new products, 20 10.
[2] Yu Xudong. Brief analysis of highway bridge construction organization design and construction management [J]. Scientific and technological innovation and application, 20 12.
[3] Mao Qinghu. Brief Analysis on Construction Organization Design and Construction Management of Highway Bridges [J]. China Hi-tech Enterprise, 20 14.
[4] Sun. Discussion on bridge construction organization design [J]. Science and Technology Wind, 2009.
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