Research on E-government Management Mechanism
Abstract: E-government management mechanism is the general name of internal and external factors that affect e-government management activities and their mutual relations. Can it produce? Automatic action? , so that e-government can be realized in the network environment? Adaptability? Government activities. This paper puts forward the construction mode of e-government management mechanism, analyzes its operation mechanism, and puts forward corresponding suggestions to improve the e-government management mechanism in combination with the development status of e-government in China.
[Keywords:] E-government; Management mechanism; Government activities; self-adaption
China Library Classification Number: TP39 Document Identification Number: Part A Number:1006-0278 (2013) 02-101-02.
Since 1980s, China's e-government construction has gone through the primary stage of office automation, and various internal information office networks have been established, which laid the foundation for the promotion of e-government in China. ? Three gold projects? In the promotion stage of implementation, realize the informatization of infrastructure and transmit data and information for key departments and industries; ? Government internet project? In the development stage, the government realizes the sharing of information resources among different internal departments through the e-government network, and the external government websites serve the convenience of the people, and the functions and service contents are gradually diversified; ? Promote industrialization with informationization? In the high-speed development stage under the guidance of strategic policy, the construction of government websites has made remarkable progress, and breakthroughs have been made in content, function and interaction, and online business handling by government departments has become more effective and practical. But as far as the development of e-government abroad is concerned, it has only experienced? Start? And then what? Interaction? Stage, approach? Interaction? At the stage, in order to adapt to a wide range of market supervision and social management tasks, as well as the growing demand for diversified economic regulation and public services, and to build a good service-oriented government, it is necessary to ensure timely, accurate and comprehensive information transmission among governments at all levels, and truly realize the integration of government information flow, workflow and service flow. Therefore, the construction of e-government is important and urgent. In order to establish a deep-seated government network service system and give full play to the management mechanism of e-government? Automatic action? Very important.
First, the meaning and role of e-government management mechanism
(A) the meaning of e-government management mechanism
E-government is a comprehensive system engineering of government administration and information technology, covering public administration, information and communication, systems engineering and even psychology. It is to realize the government's service to society with the help of the Internet. Due to the centralized management of the internet, the industrialized government has been transformed into? Service? The government takes service as its fundamental purpose and has strong adaptability. It is a new management system that adapts to the global knowledge-based digital information society. In governments and departments at all levels, we should fully implement e-government and implement the national policy of building an e-government. What is its purpose? Service government? , improve work efficiency, improve decision-making quality, increase office transparency, and realize self-help and personalized service without manual intervention.
? Mechanism? The word originally refers to the structure and working principle of a machine. In fact, mechanism plays a fundamental role in social phenomena and even any system. In an ideal state, with a good mechanism, a social system can even approach an adaptive system, which can automatically and quickly respond to the uncertain changes of external conditions, adjust the original strategies and measures, and achieve the optimization goal.
E-government management mechanism refers to the structure, function and relationship of various factors that affect e-government management activities, as well as the influence mode and process, function and operation principle of these factors. It is the corresponding system and basic criterion that restricts and guides e-government decision-making and various e-government activities related to people, things and money, and it is the general name of internal and external factors that affect e-government behavior and their mutual relations.
(B) the role of e-government management mechanism
The power and function of e-government management mechanism should have explicit or implicit directivity. What can it produce? Automatic action? The role of. Is e-government carried out under the network environment? Adaptability? Government activities, and the network provides not only a technology for e-government, but also a networked, flat and decentralized operation mode. At present, the related construction of e-government in China only stays in the simulation stage of the original government operation mode. To get rid of low-level office automation, it is necessary to establish a deep-level government network service system and give full play to the management mechanism of e-government. Automatic action? Therefore, under the influence of system, rules and methods, it is particularly important to optimize the management mode and mechanism of e-government and play its role. Automatic action? Function has become an important way to improve the social and economic benefits of e-government and promote the healthy and orderly development of e-government. Of course. Due to people's subjective initiative, systems, rules and methods will be implemented, operated and executed under the influence of people, and will also undergo dynamic changes, even deviation and alienation. Therefore, the mechanism and its function will also change accordingly. ?
Second, the construction of e-government management mechanism
Most governments at home and abroad adopt the top-down construction path from the central to the local. This kind of traditional government affairs presents a pyramid-like hierarchical model, and orders are passed from the highest level to the lowest level, which gradually weakens the vitality and creativity of the lower level. In government management, the increase of intermediate links means that people are overstaffed, set up repeatedly, pass the buck, service efficiency and quality are reduced, and the probability of waste and corruption is increased.
The operation mode of e-government is a flat network structure and a management mode combining centralization and decentralization, that is, each working department has relative independence and certain decision-making power. Multiple wisdom? In this way, information can be dispersed throughout the organization, so that the auxiliary decision-making layer can collect information in time and effectively, implement it according to its own specific situation, and feedback information with its superior or even higher decision-making layer, thus improving or changing the information content assigned to it. This is a government? Automatic action? The completion of the project has realized the adaptive activities of the whole government from point to area. This series of information flows also test whether the management mechanism is reasonable, which makes decision-makers at all levels make adaptive adjustments and the management mechanism changes accordingly. This mode of operation can gradually enhance the decision-making ability of the auxiliary layer with the increase of the depth and breadth of work, and give play to the initiative and creativity of the auxiliary decision-making layer under the guidance of the decision-making layer. Because the lowest level of auxiliary decision-making is the greatest opportunity and degree for the government to contact with social reality? The tentacles of the government? They are like biological nerve endings. They are numerous, have a large contact surface, are sensitive to external changes, accurately feel their own needs, and have strong vitality. They are realized through government activities? Adaptability? Foundation and motivation. At the same time, interconnection and information exchange are carried out between the same levels according to their actual conditions and needs. In this case, a networked connection is formed, and a flat structure is realized because information can be directly exchanged between decision-making layers at different levels. This operation mode emphasizes the principles, contents, procedures, processes and results of government management, which can be supervised, fed back and participated by the public, embodies the service purpose of government management, and realizes the transformation of government governance concept from a powerful country to a country committed to social governance.
Third, the improvement of the current e-government management mechanism.
All regions and departments actively promote the construction and application of e-government network, which promotes the optimization and reorganization of business processes to a certain extent, and also affects the reform of some management systems and mechanisms. However, due to the imperfection of e-government management mechanism, it has not fundamentally ended the state of extensive development without planning. Consider and put forward suggestions for improvement from the following five aspects:
1. Establish an effective decision-making mechanism, give full play to the decision-making functions of leading bodies of informatization and e-government, make scientific and timely collective decisions on major issues and * * * issues in the construction and development of e-government, conduct multi-level and inter-departmental video conferences through the network, give full play to collective wisdom, avoid multi-head management, and improve the accuracy, timeliness and rationality of decision-making.
2. In strengthening the implementation mechanism, we should first straighten out the relationship between the competent information department and the information work institutions of the corresponding departments, form a coordinated and unified implementation subject, and clarify the division of labor and cooperation of all parties in accordance with the principle of consistency of powers and responsibilities; Secondly, we should do a good job in e-government project construction and fund management, and establish a management mechanism for the whole life cycle of the project. In terms of fund management, we should separate e-government financial funds from other information-based financial funds and implement centralized management to avoid repeated construction and waste of resources.
3. Strengthen the market-oriented operation mechanism and give full play to social forces to participate in e-government construction. With the increasing investment in e-government construction, people gradually realize that the construction in this field needs a lot of equipment, technology and financial support from various social resources (such as network operators, network system integrators and application development system integrators). For example, at present, Heilongjiang provincial government is responsible for building e-government network center platforms at all levels, directing governments at all levels, and cooperating with communication companies and integrated operators. In this mode, the government only needs to be responsible for the construction of the interactive center and the management of various servers on the central platform. With the professional technical support provided by operators such as equipment maintenance, system optimization and software upgrade, the government only needs to concentrate on making good use of it and provide people with more convenient and effective services.
4. In order to improve the security mechanism, China's e-government network needs to operate under a unified security standard and a unified security management model. However, there is no relevant legal guarantee for information security and network security in China. We can strengthen network and information security by building completely physically isolated e-government internal and external networks, building equipment and application software for domestic internal networks.
5. Establish a supervision and evaluation mechanism of e-government, comprehensively and objectively measure the performance of various e-government systems based on a scientific and effective performance evaluation system of e-government systems, and supervise the whole process of e-government project construction with scientific methods and principles. Starting with the necessity and feasibility evaluation in the early stage, the whole process is quantitatively evaluated in an all-round and in-depth way, the gap between the actual effect and the expected goal is analyzed, and the implementation plan is further adjusted to ensure the smooth and effective construction of e-government projects. At the same time, third-party supervision and evaluation institutions, experts and even public users can be designed into the performance evaluation system to supervise and evaluate the effect of e-government construction from the perspective of professionals and actual users, and adjust and change the corresponding processes according to the results of supervision and evaluation. Adaptability? A key step in the activity.
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