What is the cause of essential hypertension? Hypertension is a very common disease in life, especially in the elderly. Among them, patients with hypertension should pay great attention to diet, and there are many reasons that affect hypertension. Let's share the causes of essential hypertension.
Etiology of essential hypertension 1 1, genetic factors.
Essential hypertension is a polygenic genetic disease. Epidemiological investigation found that the prevalence of hypertension in twins with hypertension increased significantly, especially in identical twins. If both parents suffer from hypertension, the probability of their children suffering from hypertension is as high as 45%. On the contrary, if the blood pressure of both parents is normal, the probability of children suffering from hypertension is only 3%.
2, high sodium, low potassium diet
In the population, sodium salt (sodium chloride) intake is positively correlated with blood pressure level and hypertension prevalence rate, while potassium salt intake is negatively correlated with blood pressure level. The ratio of sodium to potassium in diet is even more related to blood pressure. High sodium and low potassium diet is one of the main risk factors for most hypertensive patients in China.
3. Overweight and obesity
Body fat content is positively correlated with blood pressure level. Body mass index (BMI) is positively correlated with blood pressure level. In the body mass index, for every 3 kg/m3 increase, the risk of hypertension in men will increase by 50% and that in women by 57% within 4 years. The distribution of body fat is also related to the occurrence of hypertension. The more abdominal fat accumulated, the higher the blood pressure level. The risk of hypertension in men with waist circumference ≥90cm or women with waist circumference ≥85cm is more than four times that of men.
Step 4 drink alcohol
Excessive drinking is also a risk factor for hypertension, and the prevalence of hypertension in the population increases with the increase of drinking. Although the blood pressure will decrease in a short time after drinking a small amount, the blood pressure will increase slightly after drinking a small amount for a long time; Excessive drinking will significantly increase blood pressure.
5. Nervous
Long-term mental stress is also a risk factor for hypertension, and the prevalence of hypertension increases among people who have been engaged in high-pressure work for a long time.
6. Other risk factors
Other risk factors for hypertension include age and lack of physical activity. Besides hypertension, cardiovascular risk factors include smoking, dyslipidemia, diabetes and obesity.
Causes of essential hypertension 2 causes of hypertension
Obesity: The increase of body mass index is the most dangerous factor of hypertension. Obese people have more fat, which not only causes arteriosclerosis, but also tends to produce blood pressure due to the increase of microvessels and blood flow in adipose tissue.
Second, diet: eating too much salt will lead to high blood pressure. In addition, low intake of potassium and calcium, and insufficient intake of high-quality protein are also considered as one of the factors that can increase blood pressure.
Third, age: age has a great relationship with hypertension. As far as the general population is concerned, the relative risk of hypertension increases by 29.3%-42.5% with the increase of age 10 years. Therefore, middle-aged and elderly people are prone to hypertension.
Fourth, mental stress: long-term mental stress, anger, troubles, and vicious environmental stimuli (such as noise) may all lead to high blood pressure.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) occupation: occupation with intense work, high concentration, little physical activity and obvious increase in the incidence of hypertension.
Drinking: Alcohol can cause high blood pressure, aggravate it and damage cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Seven, smoking: long-term heavy smoking, that is to say, smoking 30 ~ 40 cigarettes a day, can cause the continuous contraction of arterioles, over time, arteriole wall smooth muscle degeneration, vascular intima gradually thickening, forming arteriole sclerosis.
Eight, genetic factors. This is why hypertension patients in the same family are concentrated, on the one hand, because their lifestyles are the same. On the other hand, it is related to their genetic inheritance.