Up to now, I have taught several first-year students, which coincides with the time of teaching math in Class 4, Grade 1 this year. Judging from the whole textbook, word calculation occupies a considerable space, which shows the importance of word calculation. Oral calculation is a kind of calculation method that directly calculates the result through thinking without using calculation tools, and expresses the calculation process in words. Facts show that the speed of oral calculation is fast, the speed of written calculation is also fast, and the correct rate is high; On the other hand, if the speed of oral calculation is slow, the speed of written calculation is also slow and the correct rate is low. If you want to pass the calculation, you must master oral calculation. Oral calculation is the basis of calculation, and good oral calculation ability can improve the agility, logic and accuracy of students' thinking. So it plays an extremely important role in the primary school stage. Poor verbal ability is the key and the most important reason for students' poor computing ability. "Mathematics Curriculum Standard" clearly points out: "To cultivate students' computing ability, we should pay attention to basic oral arithmetic training. Oral calculation is not only the basis of written calculation, estimation and simple operation, but also an important part of calculation ability. It is necessary to guide students to master basic oral calculation methods on the basis of understanding, insist on regular practice, and gradually achieve proficiency. "So, I think the cultivation of students' verbal ability should go through a process of understanding, numeracy, proficiency and flexibility. Understanding rationality is to let students understand the arithmetic of oral calculation; Accounting is a method that enables students to master oral arithmetic through certain training; Proficiency means that after repeated practice, students can calculate basic oral calculations correctly and quickly; Flexibility means that students can choose appropriate calculation methods according to specific problems and solve problems flexibly.

In the teaching process, in order to achieve these goals step by step. Really cultivate students' good oral expression ability and lay a solid foundation for further study. I start with the following points in the teaching process:

First, cultivate students' interest in mental arithmetic

As the saying goes, "Interest is the best teacher". Oral arithmetic is boring and students get bored easily. Therefore, in the process of learning, it is particularly important to stimulate students' interest in oral arithmetic. According to the aggressive psychological characteristics of junior high school students, I use various forms to train students in oral arithmetic in teaching. For example: training in the form of games and competitions; Driving a train, grabbing a red flag, rushing to answer, rushing to pass the card, etc. Even the way of competition is different: there are team competitions, men's and women's competitions and deskmate competitions. The content of the competition is also different: such as speed, accuracy, diversity and so on. Of course, the corresponding reward mechanism is also essential, such as rewarding small red flags, small flowers, smiling faces and so on. Such various forms of training not only stimulate students' interest in learning, but also make every student actively participate in it, thus getting twice the result with half the effort.

Second, strengthen the basic training of students' oral arithmetic.

There is also a saying that "practice makes perfect". In order to improve students' oral arithmetic ability, basic oral arithmetic training must not be relaxed. In oral arithmetic training, we should pay attention to simplifying the complex, and turning the difficult into the easy. In teaching, we should identify the key points, train the key parts, and integrate the basic training of oral arithmetic into classroom teaching.

1, 5 minutes before class: I insist on practicing oral arithmetic for 5 minutes before class every day, mainly in the form of reading oral arithmetic cards. I divide the oral calculation in this book into three parts: ① addition and subtraction within10 (* *126); (2) addition and corresponding subtraction of ten digits (* *110); ③ Carry addition within 20 (***36). There are 272 crossings in the book. I asked the students to make these 272 cross-calculation questions into oral cards in batches, and then asked the students to look at the cards and say the numbers directly. In pinyin teaching, children can call each other directly, and oral arithmetic training must reach this level. Before reading the card, some students always use the method of snapping their fingers to calculate every time they do oral calculations. These students are very dependent on their fingers, and their calculation speed is very slow, so it is difficult to transition from image thinking to abstract thinking. Later, after watching the cards, their little hands were busy flipping cards, so they didn't have a chance to break their fingers. At this time, every nerve in the brain has to be mobilized for high-speed operation, so as to ensure that numbers can be calculated quickly and accurately. In the long run, students can achieve proficiency in competition activities.

2. No negligence in class: In the classroom teaching of each class, I consciously guide students to do oral calculations; Strengthen the calculation of key parts in a targeted way, so that students can master the correct calculation of key and error-prone points. Grasp students' reverence for teachers, let them be "little teachers" to each other, correct oral arithmetic exercises for their deskmates, and improve their oral arithmetic accuracy while correcting mistakes for others. In the classroom, the "little doctor" competition is also adopted to find out the reasons, so that students can acquire knowledge in the competition. "Error correction" can not only satisfy students to identify the causes of errors, correct errors and achieve preventive effects. At the same time, I also pay attention to the recognition of students with strong oral expression ability, and consciously guide other students to learn from them. ...

3. Don't relax after class: the cultivation of verbal ability can't be practiced in a day or two. Focus on peacetime, focus on persistence. Therefore, it is far from enough to practice in class. Practice every day, one by one, in order to enhance the awareness of verbal calculation and develop the habit of verbal calculation. Therefore, every day after class, students are assigned certain oral arithmetic practice tasks, such as cooperating with classmates, cooperating with parents and practicing independently. If they are asked to take turns as small teachers and do problem calculations for other students, the small teachers will judge whether they are correct or not; Play games with parents at home, talk about math knowledge in class, compare with parents who talk more and who does it faster, and so on. Let the students practice oral arithmetic in after-school entertainment. Insist on reading the dictation card at home once a day, and ask parents to record the time spent in each dictation and the number of wrong questions, and report, communicate and evaluate them all after arriving at school the next day. In addition, in the first grade oral arithmetic training, the carry addition oral arithmetic within 20 is the key training content, and it needs repeated training to achieve proficiency. As long as the training is in place, students will learn carry addition and abdication subtraction within 100 in the future, which will be easy to understand and the later training will be easier to achieve proficiency.

Third, let students understand the arithmetic of oral calculation.

A correct understanding of arithmetic can help students master the algorithm correctly, gradually simplify the thinking process and form oral arithmetic skills. For example, when teaching carry addition of 9 plus several, I set up situations to stimulate students' interest and let them explore and discover actively. First, set the situation in the introduction: "Little Rabbit is going to treat her. It has prepared two cases of milk for her good friend. There are 9 bottles of milk in the first box and 8 bottles in the second box. How many bottles of milk has Little Rabbit prepared? " ? Kid, can you help the rabbit calculate? "Through the introduction of small animals that students like to watch, students will find it very interesting and willing to help rabbits calculate, and students' interest will be stimulated. The student thought for a while, and then I asked another question: "Is there any way for others to see how many bottles of milk there are?" At this time, students will think deeply about what to do. So the ten-point method was naturally discovered by the students. Take a bottle from the second box and put it in the first bottle. The first box adds up to ten, and the remaining seven bottles in the second box are 17 bottles. Or take two bottles from the first box and put them in the second box. The second box adds up to ten bottles, and the remaining seven bottles of the first bottle are 17 bottles. Students can quickly and intuitively understand the arithmetic of ten-point method from hands-on operation. At this time, the teacher will summarize, the students will form an image in their minds, and then learn to calculate the carry addition of 9 plus a few on the basis of understanding arithmetic. What is more conducive to understanding arithmetic is that when students calculate the carry addition of 8 plus a few, 7 plus a few, and 6 plus a few, they can draw inferences and transfer knowledge and play a multiplier role.

Fourth, cultivate students' good habits of oral arithmetic.

Good oral calculation habits are the guarantee to improve the accuracy of oral calculation. "Oral calculation is the key to pass the test", which is a law of primary school mathematics teaching. Lack of good oral calculation habits is one of the important reasons for students' oral calculation errors, so it is very important to develop good oral calculation habits. When calculating orally, students must be strictly required to see clearly, understand, calculate carefully and check carefully.

1, read it clearly: freshmen often make mistakes in the process of oral calculation. For example, sometimes it is the wrong number, and sometimes it is the wrong symbol. So read every number and symbol completely before doing the problem, and don't read the problem wrong. This is the premise of correct oral calculation.

2, want to understand: the specific steps of the selected operation method should flash quickly in your mind.

3, careful calculation: first-year students easily forget to carry in addition and forget to abdicate in subtraction; Or addition is done as subtraction, so after determining the operation steps, you should do the calculation carefully. Be careful even with simple verbal calculations.

4. Check carefully: Under normal circumstances, students can't consciously check every step except the specified check questions. Therefore, it should be emphasized that students should "look back" in time after calculating one step, check whether it is correct, check and check the calculation step by step, and correct the mistakes in time to ensure the correctness of the calculation. The inspection should have a clear purpose and strict standards, so that every question and every step must be checked.

Five, contact life, strengthen training.

Mathematics always comes from life and also serves life. In students' life, there are many opportunities to be exposed to digital calculation, and the training of verbal calculation can be seen everywhere in life. Of course, it is not the teachers who are in contact with students' lives, but the parents. Therefore, parents play an indispensable role in the process of improving students' oral expression ability. In every corner of life, you can consciously find digital calculation and seize the opportunity to let children get training unconsciously. I often communicate with my parents to let them know the main methods of school teaching, especially arithmetic, because the current teaching mode is very different from that of this generation of parents in primary school. In order to unify the guidance and training of children by family and school, I use parents' meeting to communicate with parents in depth, learn from each other's progress in children's language ability, and formulate effective training programs in a targeted manner, so that children's language ability can be further improved with the joint efforts of parents and schools. A parent in my class once said to me, "Teacher Hu, it is easier for her to understand and accept verbal arithmetic with the method you taught. We must communicate more in the future to help her improve her verbal ability. "

I also hold special oral arithmetic competitions regularly to commend and reward students with strong oral arithmetic skills and encourage more children to take the initiative to carry out oral arithmetic training.

Sixth, strengthen the key training of individual students. No matter how well the oral expression ability is done in class, there will always be some students who can't keep up with everyone's pace, and it is always difficult to make obvious progress in oral expression ability. For such students with poor oral expression skills, I give individual targeted counseling, use my spare time to reproduce the key knowledge and key points in class, and repeatedly stimulate and train them to master the basic knowledge. At the same time, close contact with parents, focus on training, and strengthen the cultivation of speech ability. These students generally lack self-confidence, so in this process, we should also pay attention to helping them establish self-confidence, cultivate strong will and carry out long-term training. My classmates in * * * class have made great progress in the speed and accuracy of oral calculation under my repeated targeted training. At first, the oral calculation questions within 10 can only be counted as 12 questions in one minute, and then the speed is gradually increased to 25 questions in one minute. Several times before class, oral arithmetic training was completed at the first time. She has become much more confident, completely changing her previous whispering, and now she can raise her hand and answer questions loudly in class.

In a word, the cultivation of students' oral arithmetic ability is not a one-off event, and it must be sustained throughout the whole teaching process to lay a solid foundation for oral arithmetic.