Abstract: Water conservancy and hydropower projects play an important role in the national economic system. The scientific implementation and effective management of water conservancy and hydropower projects can not only improve the utilization efficiency of water resources, alleviate the increasingly severe environmental pressure and energy crisis in China, and provide strong resources and energy support for regional economic development, but also effectively reduce the project operation and maintenance costs, reduce the pressure on project construction funds, and further promote the rapid development of local economy. This paper discusses the problems related to the construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects, analyzes the main problems existing in the construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects in China at present, and puts forward some targeted rectification suggestions. I hope it will be helpful for China's water conservancy and hydropower management departments and enterprises to improve the construction management level of water conservancy and hydropower projects and better serve the regional economic development.
Keywords: water conservancy and hydropower engineering; Construction management; Problems; Countermeasures
introduce
Adequate supply of energy and resources is a necessary condition for people's life and national economic development. The higher the level of economic development, the larger the scale of social production and the stronger the demand for energy and resources. At present, China is in a critical period of economic system reform. With the gradual deepening of industrial restructuring, the demand for energy and resources is increasing. As an important part of China's energy and resource supply system, the construction and management level of water conservancy and hydropower projects can no longer meet the needs of current economic development. The voice of strengthening the construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower is getting higher and higher. Through scientific planning, construction and effective management, we can give full play to the role of water conservancy and hydropower projects, reduce manpower expenditure, control the overall cost of the project, and provide strong support for strengthening the security of energy resources in China. Facing the new historical development situation, improving the construction and management level of water conservancy and hydropower projects is an important task for water conservancy and hydropower units in China at present.
1 main problems in the construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects in China at this stage
Water conservancy and hydropower project is one of the infrastructure components of economic construction and industrial production. With the continuous increase of China's economic scale, a large number of water conservancy and hydropower projects have started construction, which not only promotes economic development, but also exposes many problems and has a negative impact on the efficient play of water conservancy and hydropower projects. The main problems are discussed and analyzed below.
1. 1 Problems in project construction management system and mechanism.
According to the relevant laws and regulations of our country, as a civil engineering construction project, the implementation of water conservancy and hydropower projects must fulfill the bidding procedures according to law. However, in practical work, irregular bidding for water conservancy and hydropower projects still occurs from time to time. In all parts of the country, it is not uncommon for bidding enterprises to operate in secret, avoid bidding, be interfered by local leaders, subcontract illegally and subcontract for economic benefits. The appearance of these phenomena has seriously affected the order environment of the water conservancy and hydropower construction project market. Due to the lack of legal basis, not only the legitimate interests of both bidders can not be guaranteed, but also there are many safety and quality hidden dangers in the project quality. In addition, nonstandard construction supervision is another important problem that affects the implementation quality of water conservancy and hydropower projects. Secondly, there are also some problems in the supervision of water conservancy and hydropower projects. First of all, the project supervision unit is not strict with the qualification examination of supervision candidates. Engineering supervision is a job with high technical requirements. According to the relevant laws and regulations of our country, supervisors must pass the professional qualification examination before they can take up their posts with certificates. However, in practical work, the supervision company did not strictly implement this regulation, which led to the serious problems of low professional level and lack of practical experience in project management. This kind of supervision can't undertake the' important responsibility' of water conservancy and hydropower project construction supervision, and the status of supervision is equivalent to nothing, thus affecting the quality of project supervision. In addition, the irregular contract management of water conservancy and hydropower projects has also affected the smooth implementation of project quality and quantity. Because the contract is not standardized, the contents and terms are often omitted or unclear, many disputes occur in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects, which seriously affects the smooth development of water conservancy and hydropower projects.
1.2 problems existing in the project construction schedule
As a civil engineering, water conservancy and hydropower engineering has a large amount of work and many processes. In order to ensure that the project is completed on schedule and all indicators meet the design standards, it is necessary to make scientific planning and reasonable arrangements for every step and process of the project. In the actual construction process, the construction schedule of many water conservancy and hydropower projects lacks reasonable and effective arrangements. Before the implementation of the project, the construction technology, technology, equipment and personnel allocation of the project itself were not fully considered, and the specific situation of the construction site was not fully investigated, resulting in a large deviation between the construction progress and the actual situation, lack of enforceability, frequent problems in the construction process, seriously affecting the construction speed and quality, and even causing safety accidents and huge economic losses.
1.3 problems in project cost control
Water conservancy and hydropower projects belong to long-term infrastructure, which requires a lot of investment in early construction and subsequent use, which makes the cost control of water conservancy and hydropower projects particularly important. At present, there are many problems in the cost control of water conservancy and hydropower projects in China, mainly because the cost control is relatively weak from project establishment to completion and delivery, and it cannot play its due role. There are many reasons for this problem. Among them, the project management unit didn't know enough about the importance of project cost control, and didn't carry out cost management from the beginning of the project, which made the expenditure in many early stages not effectively controlled and the overall cost of the project rose. Second, the degree of refinement of cost control is not deep Cost control is a systematic project, and the principle of total control must be adhered to. The omission of any link will lead to the failure of overall cost control. At present, the cost control in the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects is superficial, not deep enough and not comprehensive enough. Extensive management has caused the loss of a large number of construction funds, damaged national interests and delayed the development of national infrastructure construction.
1.4 safety management of engineering construction
Safety is the first principle that must be adhered to in any project construction. The same is true of water conservancy and hydropower projects. Due to the lack of strict implementation of relevant procedures in the project bidding stage, the bidding price in the project is far below the amount of funds needed for project implementation. In order to ensure their own economic interests, the construction unit drastically reduced the funds for safeguard measures, which led to the lack of necessary financial support for safety production and the failure to implement safety protection measures, laying a safety hazard for the construction of water conservancy and hydropower projects. Secondly, the management of engineering construction enterprises has insufficient understanding of the significance of engineering safety production, inadequate system guarantee and personnel training, and weak safety awareness of enterprise employees, which eventually leads to frequent safety accidents in enterprises.
2. Suggestions on improving the construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects
2. 1 Establish and improve the management system and mechanism of water conservancy and hydropower projects. The construction unit shall perform the project bidding procedures in accordance with the law, strictly control the project, conscientiously do a good job in the audit and evaluation of the bidding enterprises, comprehensively evaluate the economic, technical and reputation indicators of the bidding enterprises, and select high-quality construction enterprises as the project construction units. Do a good job in project construction site management to ensure the orderly progress of the project. Compile the contract according to law on the basis of fairness and justice, effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of both the project construction unit and the construction unit, clarify the responsibilities and rights, and prevent unnecessary economic disputes. Strictly implement the qualification examination system for supervisors, standardize supervision behaviors, and strengthen supervision on the construction site of engineering projects.
2.2 Implement various measures of quality management, time limit management, cost management and safety management of water conservancy and hydropower projects, establish a perfect project implementation control system, establish a systematic management system around the implementation of water conservancy and hydropower projects, set up an organization around important goals such as project quality, safety, cost and time limit, improve the system and financial guarantee, implement measures, strengthen supervision and management, ensure the safe implementation of the project and complete it on schedule, so as to achieve economic and social benefits.
3 Conclusion
Facing the increasingly severe energy and resource crisis, it is of great significance to strengthen the construction management of water conservancy and hydropower projects. Relevant units should fully understand the important role of water conservancy and hydropower project construction management, actively promote the reform of management system, strengthen supervision and management, and ensure that all measures are implemented. Only in this way can we continuously improve the construction quality and management level of water conservancy and hydropower projects in China and adapt to the objective situation of rapid economic development in China.
refer to
Zhang Xifeng. Analysis of the current problems and countermeasures in the construction and management of water conservancy and hydropower projects [J]. New West, 20 10(8)
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