Opening report of master's thesis in psychology
1. the purpose and significance of the topic selection of the opening report of psychological papers
⑴ Objective: The purpose of this study is to test the effectiveness of rational emotional therapy in the treatment of depression in prison inmates by using rational emotional therapy in the half-year 10 treatment activity, that is, to promote the emotional state of patients. And make prisoners who are in the middle of serving their sentences for a long time realize that emotional state is not the result of exciting experience (people experience some unpleasant events, some failures or rejection, which can be called "exciting experience"), but the result of unreasonable beliefs, and make patients doubt their previous unreasonable objects. Rational emotional therapy is to help them change their irrational way of thinking, realize the irrationality and unreality of their negative emotions, and help them learn to look at themselves and the people and things around them in a reasonable way, thus reducing the possibility of their falling into emotional disorder. On the basis of correcting the irrational beliefs of long-term prisoners, let them know some medical knowledge about depression, help them analyze their inner world, find out the problems in their personality and why they suffer from depression in prison environment; Let prison patients believe that they can control their own destiny, strengthen the exercise of their weaknesses, and change their original attitude and behavior towards life. Gradually cultivate a healthy personality, adapt to the environment of prison labor reform, and actively treat relatively long sentences, which is full of hope for future life. No matter what happens in your life, you should walk out of adversity and be a strong man in life.
⑵ Significance: Once the unreasonable beliefs are replaced by reasonable beliefs, the long-term prisoners who receive reasonable emotional therapy will feel more positive and make more appropriate decisions. So that they can face up to their current situation, actively cooperate with prison management, strengthen their own transformation, and cultivate a good mentality and healthy psychology for the end of their sentences and reintegration into society in the future. On the other hand, it can help prison administrators to better understand the characteristics and causes of depression of prisoners, thus promoting them to treat the special situation and performance of patients more correctly and reasonably, giving patients more understanding and humanistic care, helping them overcome emotional and psychological diseases and better participate in reform. At the same time, it is also conducive to the further improvement and refinement of prison management.
2. The research status of the opening report of psychological papers at home and abroad. Reasonable emotional therapy is widely used in the treatment of criminals;
(1) foreign research: (1) albert ellis has made some attempts in treating sex offenders. He treated a 28-year-old exhibitionist with emotional therapy. In the previous treatment, albert ellis showed his unreasonable thinking to patients, which led to some negative emotions, such as self-pity, depression and anger. Therefore, in the process of treating this exhibitionist, albert ellis pointed out unreasonable ideas to him and helped him to question every unreasonable idea. As the patient gave up the mandatory requirements for himself, he replaced his preferences and wishes with other internal communication, and his behavior became less impulsive. He felt that he could better control his anti-social behavior. This method is called the a-b-c model of rational emotional therapy. Albert ellis accepted the patient himself while rejecting the patient's behavior. He helps patients deal with their hostility and depression, thus reducing the intensity of this negative emotion. He helped the patient admit his stupid behavior, but he didn't belittle the patient himself. At the same time, he also teaches patients to relax. Opening report of master's thesis in psychology
(2) albert ellis also used reasonable emotional therapy to treat a psychopath. He realized that psychological counseling could not be effective for all mental patients, but for many mental patients, anxiety and guilt were behind their bluff. Their criminal behavior is often defensive, because they are unwilling to admit their lack of self-esteem. Albert ellis's way of dealing with these people is not to blame them, but to show them that their actions are self-defeating. The key to treatment is to make them understand that their criminal behavior is harmful to themselves.
③ m maultsby (1975) applied these techniques to the treatment of criminals more widely. For example, reasonable emotional therapy should be implemented for probation and parole, and 15~20 probation and parole prisoners should be formed into a treatment group for three months. The main content of each group therapy activity is to explain and discuss reasonable emotional therapy. By using this treatment, the hostility of these criminals to parole officers seems to have decreased. Once criminals learn not to make themselves uneasy, they can solve their own problems better with the help of others.
④ Cox (s.cox, 1979) described the treatment of male alcoholics by rational emotional therapy. During the treatment, 80 male alcoholics were asked to participate in the treatment plan. These criminals are between 2 1 and 62 years old, mainly white. All of them have been in prison at least once before. After treatment, this group of criminals' violation of discipline decreased from 20 times a month to 6 times. In the first six months after parole, only two people's parole was revoked Of the 13 male criminals who performed well, only 6 were released on parole within 2 months after parole.
(2) Domestic research:
Chinese scholars Liu Banghui and Huang Xiting (xx) used Personality Disorder Diagnostic Scale and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire to investigate the personality disorder and personality characteristics of 220 male prisoners in custody. The vast majority of the survey samples are long-term prisoners, 9 1.8% of whom have been sentenced to 10 years or more. The study found that:
The incidence of personality disorder in a criminal is obviously higher than that in the general population, and there is a very significant difference with the general population.
Personality disorder of criminals is significantly related to emotional stability, spirituality and extroversion in Eysenck Personality Scale. Among them, emotional stability factor is positively correlated with 12 personality disorder type and total score; Mental factors are positively correlated with 1 1 personality disorder and the total score except obsessive-compulsive disorder; Extroversion and extroversion factors are positively correlated with performance-based personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder and narcissistic personality disorder, and negatively correlated with schizophreniform personality disorder. Emotional stability factors may be the basic personality factors of personality disorders of various criminals. The survey also found that the scores and total scores of criminals with various personality disorders are significantly higher than those of the general population, and the positive rate of personality disorders is also very high, indicating that criminals are high-risk groups of personality disorders, which seems to confirm people's general view.
Research Content In the early 1990s, Wu Zongxian, a researcher in the Prison Science Research Office of the Institute of Crime Prevention of the Ministry of Justice, divided prisoners' prison maladjustment into two types, one of which is the withdrawal prison maladjustment, which refers to the form of prison maladjustment in which criminals point their negative emotions at themselves and hurt and belittle themselves as a way to vent their negative emotions. As a result of this adaptation, criminals will have abnormal psychological changes (including apathy, numbness, despair, depression, neurosis, etc. ). Usually, after long-term prisoners gradually get familiar with and adapt to prison life in the early stage of serving their sentences, their main characteristics are: obvious inadaptability to the prison environment and management, and emotional instability; Heavy punishment, no hope for the future, no clear goal, heavy psychological burden, high vigilance against people and things around. The middle period of serving a sentence is a stable period for long-term criminals to accept punishment, which generally lasts the longest and is the main part of a criminal's life. After a period of prison life, criminals have basically adapted to the prison reform environment and various prison management, and will show the following characteristics: their emotions are relatively stable and they can serve their sentences with peace of mind; Under the guidance of the prison people's police, I have determined my own goal of serving a sentence, and I can demand myself by using the code of conduct and the criminal assessment standard; The performance of criminals in the stable period is likely to cause the slack psychology of prison people's police. On the other hand, in the long-term strict management, the personality tendency of prisoners' prisons exists to varying degrees. Previous studies have found that the important characteristics of prison personality of long-term prisoners are rigid and stubborn, obeying rules and regulations, and sticking to the rules. In addition, it is also manifested as obedience, inferiority, lack of enthusiasm and initiative. These manifestations should be said to run counter to the original intention of reforming criminals. Psychologist Ellis believes that people's emotional and behavioral problems are not directly caused by external events that stimulate sexual life, but the result of different beliefs or explanations of individuals. If individuals hold irrational beliefs, they often interpret life events or situations negatively, which leads to negative emotions and self-defeating behaviors. If individuals choose reasonable beliefs and give up negative explanations and unreasonable beliefs, their emotions and behaviors will improve accordingly. Ellis summed up several irrational beliefs that lead to depression, anxiety and depression, such as: people should be loved and praised by all the important people in life; Valuable people are better than others in all aspects; Everything must develop according to your own wishes, otherwise it will be very bad; Emotion is caused by external stimuli and cannot be controlled by oneself; It is much easier to avoid difficulties and responsibilities than to face them squarely, and so on. Judging from the current research data, rational emotional therapy is usually used abroad to treat emotional experiences such as anxiety and rage, as well as cognitive distortions such as extreme thinking. At present, there is not much research on the treatment of depression by rational emotional therapy, especially for the depression of prisoners. Therefore, the author hopes to understand the depression of prisoners through investigation and study, and through the application of rational emotional therapy, let them know some medical knowledge of depression, help them analyze their inner world, and convince prison patients that they can control their own destiny, strengthen the exercise of their weaknesses, and change their original attitude and behavior towards life. Gradually cultivate yourself to have a healthy personality, adapt to the environment of prison labor reform, and actively treat the sentence and future life.
4. The implementation plan, progress and expected effect of this project.
(1) implementation plan:
① Hamilton Depression Scale (24-item version), the most commonly used clinical scale for evaluating depression, is used to measure the depression of prisoners in the middle of serving their sentences.
② In the first treatment activity, the therapist briefly talked about the basic theory of rational emotional therapy.
③ Combination of individual therapy and group therapy: In the first three periods, therapists used rational emotional therapy theory to explain and communicate, pointed out patients' unreasonable beliefs and explained them quickly; At the same time, the therapist can also be antagonistic, and can persuade patients to open their hearts and express their true feelings; At the same time, you can also expose and refute the patient's excuses, but you should accept the patient unconditionally. When the treatment reaches the group stage, role-playing, reading therapy, storytelling and philosophical discussion are used to help patients achieve their goals. For example, role-playing involves practicing new behaviors in a therapeutic environment, that is, before trying these behaviors in other situations (such as prison environment and social environment after being released from prison), it first involves practicing these behaviors in a therapeutic environment.
(4) Finally, patients will gradually like themselves and accept themselves during the treatment. At the same time, patients must take full responsibility for how to choose: whether to choose normal beliefs or abnormal beliefs as before? What choice to make depends entirely on them.
(2) the progress of the project:
(1) ① Write a research report on the subject in June of 20xx.
② Consult relevant research materials at home and abroad from July to August of ②20xx; Collect scales that meet the depression measurement of prison inmates; Seriously study and contact the specific techniques of rational emotional therapy; Formulate a reasonable process of emotional therapy.
③20xx Mid-September ③ (No.:17-23) contacted a prison in Nanjing to inquire about the distribution of prisoners of various terms in the prison.
④ In late September (29th and 30th) of ④20xx, I went to this prison in Nanjing, and all the long-term prisoners were registered with the Depression Scale.
⑤ 20xx65438+1early October (No.7 1-7) made statistics, and obtained the results. After screening, the list of long-term prisoners (about 20 in the first phase) was determined.
⑥20xx 65438+ 10 mid-October (No.13- 14) went to Nanjing Prison to discuss with the prison management the details of planning specific corrective activities, and announced the list of long-term prisoners who participated in corrective activities to the management, asking the prison management to give their opinions and do a good job of ideological persuasion in time.
⑦ 20xx65438+1mid-October (No.265438 +0-22) went to Nanjing Prison for the first time for emotional therapy. After you come back, summarize the experience of the activity and the success and shortcomings of the activity.
⑧ 20xx65438+1at the end of October-65438+at the end of February, I went to the prison in Nanjing to participate in the remaining 9 treatment activities. After the last activity, the depression of long-term prisoners who participated in the activity was measured.