Han Yu is a native of Changli. Father Zhong Qing, nobody. Born three years old and lonely, he was raised by his father and brother (1). The more you learn from being alone, the harder you study Confucianism, and there is no reward.
Find a Jinshi. Prime Minister Dongjin went out of the city and made the governor. The truer you are, the more fearless you are, the more upright you are, and the more clumsy you are in world affairs. In the late years of Dezong, there were many political affairs, but the prime minister was not specialized, and the shortcomings of the palace market were ignored by the remonstrating officials. The last chapter is more and more relished. If I don't listen, I get angry and demote Lianzhou Yangshan Order.
Fengxiang Famen Temple has a pagoda to protect the country, and there is a phalanx of Buddha in the pagoda. It will be rich and beautiful when it opens in 30 years. Princes and nobles are ordinary people, so they run to give up for fear of being left behind. The people lost everything, burned their heads and arms, and sought support. The less he likes Buddhism, the more he remonstrates with it and plays with it. Xianzong was very angry, so he was demoted to Chaozhou for secretariat.
Note: ① from relatives in the hall. (2) Call up when you finish (b 1). (3) Miyagi, originally refers to the shops set up in the palace. At the end of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong, the court sent eunuchs to the folk market to buy things by force, which was called the "court market", but it was really looting.
10. Explain the words added in the following sentences. (2 points)
(1) Find the first Jinshi ()
The less you like Buddha, the more you remonstrate with him ()
1 1. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese. (2 points)
The more you learn from being alone, the harder you study Confucianism, and there is no reward.
12. Read through the full text. What personality characteristics do you think Han Yu has? (3 points)
Reference answer
Han Yuchuan
10.① Soon, then ② All the time, all the time (***2 points, l points for each item, if the effect is correct, score, if there is a typo, this item does not score).
1 1. Han Yu, as an orphan, studied Confucianism hard from an early age and didn't need to wait for others' encouragement. (***2 points, if the effect is correct, you can score, if there are two or more typos, the sentence does not score. )
12. Tell the truth, be fearless, be honest, and be poor in the world (***3 points, score if the effect is correct).
The full text of biography of Han Yu
Han Yu, Zi Hui, is from Changli. Father Zhong Qing, nobody. Born at the age of three, he was lonely and raised by his father and brother. The more you learn from being alone, the harder you study Confucianism, and there is no reward. During the period from Dali to Zhenyuan, most of the characters were ancient Chinese, with Yang Xiong and Dong Zhongshu as the main writers, while Duguji and Liang Su were the most profound, and Confucianism was the most important. The more he travels from his disciples, the more determined he is to learn, and the more he wants to shock a generation. He praised Jinshi and wrote articles between officials, so Qing Yu was quite famous, so it was very famous at that time. Find a Jinshi.
The truer you are, the more fearless you are, the more upright you are, and the more clumsy you are in world affairs. The more self-sufficient, the more tired, and the more rejected. You can make a self-metaphor in Interpretation of Learning.
There is a pagoda to protect the country in Xiangfamen Temple, and there is a phalanx of Buddha in the pagoda. His book spread, thirty years later, will be rich and talented. In the first month of the 14th year, an imperial envoy Du went to Lingao Post, holding fragrant flowers to greet Buddha's bones. He went into ouchi through the gate, stayed in the forbidden area for three days, and was sent to the monastery. Princes and nobles are ordinary people, so they run to give up for fear of being left behind. The people lost everything, burned their heads and arms, and sought support. The more I dislike Buddha, the more I remonstrate. Shuzou, Xianzong is very angry. One day, I will go out and show my loyalty, and I will add extreme methods. Pei Du and Cui Qun said, "Han Yu should be offended if he listens respectfully. However, unless he is loyal and sincere and does not shirk his responsibility, how can he do so? " I beg for a little tolerance. I've been protesting. "He said," The more I say I worship Buddha too much, the more I tolerate it. It is said that after worshipping Buddha in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the emperor's salt caused his death, so why is he said to be a thorn? The more I am a minister, the more arrogant I am. It is unforgivable! "So human surprised, even the gas and nobles. Because of his words, he was demoted to Chaozhou secretariat.
In fifteen years, he was recruited to offer wine to the son of the country and transferred to the Ministry of War as an assistant minister. Changqing died in December of the fourth year, at the age of 57, and he was given the history of the Ministry of Rites.
The richer you are, the more you make friends with others, and it is not easy to be proud. When I was young, I was good friends with Meng Jiao in Luoyang and Zhang Ji in Dong Jun. It is often thought that scholars have been detained many times since Wei and Jin Dynasties, but under the guidance of imperial edict, that touching and heroic spirit no longer resonates. So, the more you do, the more you write and the more you do. Express your thoughts and express your new language. Those who learn later should learn from others. At that time, there were many authors, so they were called "Koreans" internationally.
Full-text Translation of Biography of Han Yu
Han Yu, Zibei, is from Changli (it seems to be Liaoning Province in the northeast). His father's name is Han Zhongqing. Han Yu became an orphan at the age of three (isn't his mother? Han Yu didn't make it clear in the memorial of his nephew Han Laocheng's death, saying that he could only be raised by his brothers and sisters and cousins. Because Han Yu is an orphan, he studied Confucian classics very hard when he was a child. Unlike other children, he didn't need rewards to induce him. The literary atmosphere in Zhenyuan (Tang Daizong 766-779) and Tang Dezong 785-804 (because other years were shorter) was more advocating ancient prose and imitating Yang Xiong and Dong Zhongshu's argumentative essays, while Dugu and Liang Su were called the best imitators and won wide respect from intellectuals. Han Yu associates with their fans, studies hard and imitates them, and intends to become an influential figure at that time. When he was admitted to Jinshi, he handed the article to many important state officials. Former Prime Minister Zheng Yuqing appreciated him and praised him positively, so he quickly became famous and became a scholar.
Prime Minister Dongjin went to Daliang on business and asked Han Yu to be his governor. After Dong Jin's staff was removed, Zhang Jianfeng of Xuzhou admired him and asked him to be a subordinate. Han Yu thinks that he has been recognized, and he is becoming more and more outspoken, without deliberately avoiding or avoiding anything. His moral character is single-minded and decent, and he does not engage in some secular human relations. Later, he was transferred to the doctor of four subjects, and later he was promoted to suggestion. In the late years of Dezong, there were several factions in the court, and the prime minister was irresponsible. Palace market (that is, eunuchs openly rob the market, as reflected in Bai Juyi's "Selling Charcoal Weng", which led to a eunuch being killed by an angry farmer, because eunuchs not only robbed things, but also robbed other people's donkeys). The disadvantages are obvious, but the remonstrators made suggestions many times, but the emperor didn't accept them (because all the things they robbed were for their own use, and Dezong was such a short-sighted, self-respecting person who liked to be passive in Nuo Nuo). Han Yu once wrote thousands of words criticizing this matter, but the emperor didn't listen and was very angry. From kyou-kan to Lianzhou (it seems that Liu Yuxi was later demoted to this place, which seemed to belong to Guangdong Province, and was then an underdeveloped area and very remote). Shanyang county was a county magistrate, and later transferred to Jiangling prefecture as a yamen clerk.
In the early years of Yuanhe (Tang Xianzong year, 805 years later, the grandson of Tang Dezong, during his reign, took a tough attitude towards disobedient buffer regions and made many achievements, gradually restoring the prestige of the imperial court, which was called Yuanhe Zhongxing in history), called Han Yu as a doctor, and was later appointed as a foreign official (probably equivalent to some alternate members, etc.). In the Song Dynasty, foreign officials simply became synonymous with landlords. Yan Jimei, the secretariat of Huazhou, stopped the work of Huayin County Order and Liu Jian County Order for official business, but was also asked to be a clerk temporarily. After a few months, Yan Jimei stopped working and went to live in an apartment. Liu Jian provoked migrant workers to ask him for the salary of being a soldier the year before last. Later, the secretariat thought that Liu Jian had done something wrong and reported it to the court. The court demoted Liu Jian to Zhou Fang Sima. Han Yu happened to pass by Iowa. After hearing this, he thought that the two secretariat partners bullied people, so he wrote to the court to excuse Liu Jian, and Han Yu's memorial was left in the palace. The emperor ordered Li Moumou, the imperial adviser, to investigate the matter and found Liu Jian guilty, so he added punishment and demoted Liu Jian to a junior officer somewhere. The court thought that Han Yu was talking nonsense without knowing the truth, and he was reinstated to his original post: Dr. Guo Zi. Han Yu thinks he is very talented, but he is often ignored by the imperial court. He wrote an article "A Solution to Learning" to comfort himself: Dr. Guo Zi came to school in the morning, gathered the students together, and taught that being diligent and lazy at work destroyed success by thinking. Everyone has caught up with the good emperor, so study the classics well. Don't worry, they have no bright future. Before the end, some students laughed. You are very devoted to the study of Six Arts, rejecting the old Buddhist ideas that do not conform to the Confucian spirit, and assiduously summing up all the classics from ancient times to the present. However, you have neither prestige in public nor good personal friends, so you are easily demoted, and your life is hard, your hair is falling out and your teeth are loose. Instead of thinking about it, teach others to be like you? Mr. Wang said, come here. I'm just saying you have to work hard on your own. Whether it matters or not is a matter for the prime ministers. Mencius and Xunzi are both excellent, but they are not without opportunities? Although my articles and remarks are not very appropriate now, the ministers of the emperor have not cleaned me up and are already attached to me. When the people in charge of the government saw this article, they all sympathized with him. Considering Han Yu's great historical talent, he was appointed as a doctor of Bibi and History Museum to compile (write history books). After a year, he was promoted to be a doctor (probably an official in charge of performance appraisal in the human resources department), and then he was appointed as a Chinese book official (almost, also drafting official documents)
Soon, someone was unhappy with Han Yu and put forward his old story. He said that during Han Yu's demotion as a clerk in Jiangling Prefecture, Pei Jun, the provincial military and political director, was very kind to him, while Pei E, the son of Pei Jun, was very mediocre and tacky. Recently, Pei E went home to visit his father, and Han Yu prefaced to see him off, saying that Pei Jun's words (as if it was not popular for his son to call his father in ancient times) spread in the court, because this Han Yu was demoted to the right bastard of the prince.
In August of the 12th year of Yuanhe (8 17), Pei Du, the prime minister, was appointed as the ambassador of Huaixi Xuanwei, and he was also a rebel (the army was an administrative unit, and at the state level, Huang Wenbing, who killed Song Jiang by water margin, lived in Wuwei Army). He asked Han Yu to be his marching horse and gave Han Yu clothes. After the pacification of Huaixi and Cai, Han Yu returned to the capital Chang 'an with Pei Du in June+February, 5438, and was awarded as assistant minister of punishments (vice minister of punishments, the number seems to be two) for his contribution. Han Yu was ordered to write an inscription for Pinghuai West Monument. In this article, Han Yu mostly highlighted the deeds of Pei Du, but at that time, the greatest contribution should be Li Su, and Li Su was unconvinced. Li Su's wife ran to the palace and reported that the inscription could not reflect the real situation. Li Su's father is Li Sheng, and he has made great contributions. His wife seems to be a princess. ) The emperor ordered the cancellation of this inscription written by Han Yu, so that Duan Wenchang, a bachelor of Hanlin, could rewrite it and carve the stone.
Near Fengxiang and Chang 'an, there is Famen Temple. In Famen Temple, there is a national protection tower. There is a phalanx of Sakyamuni in the tower. It is said that this treasure is opened every 30 years, and every time it is opened, it will bless the harvest of grain and the happiness and harmony of the people. In the first month of Yuanhe 14 (8 19), the emperor asked the eunuch XXX and 30 handsome people to welcome the Buddha bones, and kept them in the palace for three days before sending them to various monasteries. Both ministers and ordinary people go to charity (after all, only once every 30 years, how many 30 years are there in life? Peace in troubled times), for fear of falling behind, ordinary people lose everything, and even burn their hair and arms to catch up with this fashion. Han Yu has always disliked Buddhism, so he wrote an article "Persuading Buddha's Bones to Watch" (see my other article).
Xianzong was very angry when he read this article. A day later, he showed it to the ministers to deal with Han Yu severely. Pei Du and Cui Qun said: Although Han Yu makes you angry and should be convicted, it is also because he is sincere and not afraid of being dealt with by you. Why else is he so thankless? Please forgive him for showing your generosity, which will encourage other people to write. The emperor said that Han Yu said that I could tolerate my excessive belief in Buddhism. Why did he say that after the Eastern Han Dynasty, emperors who believed in Buddhism were short-lived? Isn't this ridiculous? Being a courtier is so arrogant and unforgivable! So everyone was too scared to speak, so that other officials thought that Han Yu deserved it, and casually found an excuse to demote Han Yu to Chaozhou (now Chaozhou, Guangdong? When crocodiles flood, they must be wild places.
Han Yu went to Chaoyang and said to the emperor above: ...
Xianzong told ministers that he saw Han Yu's badge yesterday and remembered that he advised me not to accept Buddhist bones. I found that he still loves me very much. How could I not know? (Xian Zong is a person who is surprised at first sight), but Han Yu, as a courtier, shouldn't say that I am short-lived if I believe in Buddhism, because I hate his carelessness. ) Xian Zong intends to re-enable Han Yu, so he took a vaccination with the ministers first to see their reaction. Prime Minister Huang Huangfu hates Han Yu's integrity. I'm afraid he will be reused. He was the first to jump out and answer that Han Yu was arrogant and careless, so he was transferred to a better state and county, so he was appointed as the secretariat of Han Yu's original state.
At first, Han Yu got Chaoyang and began to work. When asked about the concerns of the people, they all said that there were many crocodiles in the water in the west of the local area, which were huge and ate up all the livestock raised by the people, so the people were very poor. A few days later, Han Yu personally looked at the situation, ordered the judge to throw a pig and a sheep into the drowning water, and made a sacrifice to the crocodiles to tell them to fuck off. If they don't listen, they will be sent to clean them up. Don't regret. On the night of the wish, a strong wind suddenly blew in the drowning water, accompanied by thunder. After a few days, all the water in the water dried up, and chaozhou people no longer had to worry about crocodiles. According to the custom of Yuanzhou, if men and women go to other people's homes to be servants (it is estimated that the parents of boys and girls borrow money from the rich family and take their children as collateral), if they don't pay back the money after the deadline, the workers will always be servants of the rich family. After Han Yu arrived in Yuanzhou, he added relevant laws to redeem those minors and return them to his parents, which changed the previous agreement and prohibited the rich from robbing men and dominating women.
15 years, Yuanhe promoted Han Yu as a national son (president of a national university) and transferred to assistant minister of the Ministry of War (deputy minister of national defense). As it happens, the town mutiny killed Governor Tian and elected Wang Ting as the acting military and political chief. The court asked Han Yu to appease the people. When Han Yu arrived, he summoned the soldiers and civilians and told them what was right and what was wrong. Wang Ting listened to the declaimed speech and was awed by Han Yu. Later, Han Yu was appointed assistant minister of the official department (deputy director of the Personnel Bureau of the Ministry of Labor). Later, it was changed to Jing (the mayor of Chang 'an, the capital) and an ancient counselor (an official who was responsible for advising the emperor on what to do and what not to do). Because Han Yu didn't go to the designated place to handle affairs, he was impeached by Li Shen (who knows the author of Chinese Cuisine) (according to the gains and losses of Qian Mu's political system in China, this official was sent to the palace by the ancient imperial censors to communicate with the emperor). Han Yu was not investigated, unconvinced, and still didn't go to work. Shen Li and Han Yu are both quick-tempered and extreme people, so they quarrel with each other and others don't listen to their advice. So the emperor made fifty boards each, and appointed Shen Li as an observer in western Zhejiang, and Han Yu as assistant minister of the Ministry of War (deputy minister of national defense). Before Li Shen went to Zhejiang, he ran to the emperor and cried. Tang Muzong (a naughty emperor) sympathized with him, so he made Li Shen an assistant minister of the Ministry of War and Han Yu an assistant minister of the official department. Changqing (Mu Zong title, Bai Juyi's Collection of Bai Changqing) died in February 65438+ 4, at the age of 57. He ratified Han Yu as the minister of rites (minister of education) and posthumous title as "Wen", so later generations often called him Han Wengong.
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I hope it helps you ~