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Pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of Taenia solium
Generally, only 1 adult is parasitic in human small intestine, but in epidemic areas, the average number of adults infected by patients can reach 2.3 ~ 3.8, and the most reported infection case in China is 19. The clinical symptoms of Taenia solium are generally mild. Finding a lump in feces is the most common reason for patients to seek medical treatment. A few patients have symptoms such as dull pain in upper abdomen or whole abdomen, indigestion, diarrhea and weight loss. Occasionally, the head segment is fixed on the intestinal wall to cause local injury, and a few puncture the intestinal wall or cause intestinal obstruction. In addition, domestic literature has reported cases of heterotopic parasitism of adults in subcutaneous thigh and thyroid tissue (15 cm×0.3cm and 8cm×0.2cm respectively).

Cysticercus cellulosae is far more harmful to human body than adults. The disease caused by cysticercosis, commonly known as cysticercosis, is one of the most important parasitic diseases in China. The damage degree varies with the location and quantity of cysticercus cellulosae. The number of cysticercus cellulosae parasitic on human body can range from 1 to thousands; Parasitic sites are very wide, the most common sites are subcutaneous tissue, muscle, brain and eyes, followed by heart, tongue and mouth, as well as liver, lung, peritoneum, upper lip, breast, uterus, nerve sheath and bones. The size and morphology of cysticercus parasitized in different parts are also different. Cysticercosis in loose connective tissue and ventricle is mostly round, about 5 ~ 8mm; in size; The muscles are slightly elongated; It is 2.5mm long, located at the bottom of the brain, and may have branches or grape-like processes, which is called cysticercus racemosus. Cysticercosis can be parasitic in any part of the eye, but it is mostly parasitic in the deep vitreous (5 1.6%) and subretinal (37. 1%). Usually, one eye is involved, and those with mild symptoms show visual impairment, worms in the eye often creep, and those with severe symptoms can lead to blindness. According to the results of fundus examination of 452 patients with ocular cysticercosis, it was found that 39. 16% patients had different degrees of fundus abnormalities, among which 25% patients had optic nerve edema, 5% patients had optic nerve atrophy, and 4 1 patients had optic nerve edema with bleeding. Before eye symptoms appeared, about 1 1% patients had a history of fever, and 29% patients had headaches. The survival period of intraocular cysticercosis is 1 ~ 2 years, which can be tolerated by general patients. Once the cysticercus cellulosae dies, the decomposition of the worm can produce strong stimulation, causing changes in intraocular tissues, leading to vitreous opacity, retinal detachment, optic atrophy, cataract, secondary glaucoma and so on. It will eventually lead to eyeball atrophy and blindness.