1, simplex theory. It is believed that there is only one essence of physical education, that is, education to enhance physical fitness. To label everything as the essence of sports is actually a denial of the essence of sports. If everything is essential, then nothing is essential.
2. Pluralistic essentialism. It is believed that sports, as the sum of various physical activities, has many properties. Strengthening physical fitness is only one aspect of the essence of sports, and it is the expression of the primary essence of sports; The cultivation and education of people is the further expression of the essence of sports; The essential feature of sports is to promote the development of people's essential strength and finally realize people's freedom. Therefore, the theory of pluralistic essence advocates that the essence of sports is multi-faceted and multi-level.
3. Social and cultural theory. Sports is regarded as a complicated social and cultural phenomenon. Any kind of competitive, entertaining and educational social and cultural activities that lead to the harmonious and healthy development of body and mind through sports activities are the essential categories of sports.
4. Body movement theory. It is believed that physical education is a practical activity to train people to achieve social goals according to social needs, and its essence is an educational activity with physical exercise as the main means.
Extended data:
We can't regard "education" as the essence of sports. Education can distinguish sports from social activities such as culture, politics, economy and art, but it cannot be distinguished from moral education, intellectual education and aesthetic education. They have the same educational function as physical education.
In other words, "education" is just a general concept of sports, or "education" is just one of the various attributes of sports. The essential attribute and function of sports belong to different levels, and the essential attribute of sports is not equal to the function of sports.
The essential attribute of sports is the inherent unique attribute that distinguishes sports from other things. The function of sports is the external expression of these attributes, and it is not unitary. It is pluralistic, and it is a variety of functions that sports play in real life. Of course, the essential attribute of sports and the function of sports are related and different, as long as we carefully distinguish them, we can understand them.