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"News report planning" is the development and innovation of "report planning" or "organization reporting" in traditional news work under the new social and historical conditions. The essence of this development and innovation lies in that news report planning is a full affirmation of journalists' subjective initiative. As the thinking and planning of future reporting activities, news reporting planning is essentially a thinking activity, that is, a creative activity of consciousness, and also an activity with positive guidance.

So, how to effectively manage news report planning? The author expounds from the following aspects:

Principles of news report planning

"Planning" in news communication is essentially the product of the combination of subjectivity and objectivity. It can neither be produced out of thin air without objective news facts, nor can it be operated without the subjective consciousness of the reporting subject. Therefore, the planning of news reports should follow the following principles:

Principle of objectivity. No matter how editors plan, news reports should seek truth from facts and win the trust of the audience. Because reporting planning is not an end, but a means, the purpose is to enhance the sense of responsibility and mission of reporting, provide news products for the audience, and make news reports better heard. "The topic planning of news reports should be based on objective existence. Even if planning social activities is combined with planning reports, it should be based on objective social needs or social problems, rather than distorting facts and understanding public opinion. The design of news reporting scheme should also be based on the premise that the report can fully and truly reflect the objective existence. "

The principle of innovation. The value of "planning" lies in the extraordinary communication effect of the report through careful planning and organization, so we should pursue uniqueness and originality from the topic selection to the design of the report scheme. In the process of planning, the creativity of breaking through the traditional way of thinking, the intellectual collision of brainstorming and the continuous creative inspiration constitute the wonderful core of planning and give birth to refreshing reports. If innovation is lost, planning will lose its meaning of existence.

The principle of flexibility. Any planning is the calculation and planning of future actions, and so is the planning in news communication. The planner always plans to report the development and change of the object at a certain point, but this development and change of the object is independent of human will, and new situations and changes that the planner did not expect may occur at any time. Therefore, to grasp the initiative of communication, planners should be good at sizing up the situation and be flexible at any time. When planning the report, we should analyze all possible situations as much as possible to make the plan flexible and adaptable. During the implementation of the report, we should pay close attention to the changes in all aspects and modify and adjust the report at any time.

Principle of validity. The ultimate goal of planning is to make news reports obtain good social benefits and strive for better economic benefits for news media. Of course, social benefits are direct and economic benefits are indirect, which are transformed from good communication effects. Planning pursues practical results, which objectively requires editors to take planning as a means, not an end. Moreover, unless you intend to promote social welfare activities initiated by the media, the more hidden the planning means, the better the communication effect will often be. Because successful planning reports are those that can make the facts speak for themselves, let the audience think freely, and finally achieve the desired effect of the communicators, rather than those that are planned to jump out to express themselves or impose on others. Therefore, the report planning should focus on the actual effect of the report, rather than showing off the planning skills.

The principle of feasibility. The results of planning will be tested in news practice, so the design scheme must be operable and can accurately guide news gathering and editing activities, rather than an armchair strategist. In the process of planning, we should pay attention to the analysis and demonstration of external environment and internal conditions, so that the design of each step is feasible, and it is feasible to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses.

Practical links of news report planning management

Requirements and implementation plan of topic selection planning. There are many things in the planning of news reports, and topic planning is the leading one. As the starting point of the whole planning project, it plays a vital role. Grasping this leader and promoting other planning activities with topic planning, good planning is half the battle and the outline is over.

Generally speaking, the topic selection of news planning has the following ideas and precautions: First, the topic selection of news should focus on hot spots. Looking around, there are many hot spots, but reporting hot spots must assess the situation, observe calmly and accurately grasp the pulse of the times. The choice of "spots" of hot reports should grasp two principles: one is the historical mission of journalism, and the other is the correct direction of public opinion. Secondly, news topics should embody the principle of innovation and strive for innovation. Not all news reports are hot topics, but some news reports can dig out new ideas from an event that has been forgotten by people. Only by careful planning and reporting news from a unique perspective can we win by surprise. Third, we should choose the theme of news and weigh whether it is necessary. Be realistic, don't aim too high; Have a clear purpose, don't be chaotic; It is necessary to launch fine products instead of tinkering around the edges; Be detailed and specific, not empty; Be reasonable and don't be divorced from the essence; Be far-sighted and not short-sighted; Constantly innovate, don't stand still; Be close to business and not news-oriented; Be precise, not vague and so on.

Design and Implementation of the Organizational Structure of News Reports

After the topic planning of news reports is determined, the next step is to implement the organizational structure of topic planning under a certain organizational structure. The organization and implementation of planning is essentially to abstract the spirit of news reporting planning into material concretization. The organizational structure design of the report is operated according to the goal to be achieved by the report, and the pursuit of continuous innovation is the driving force for the change of the organizational structure of the report. There are two points to note: first, the organizational design of news reports should be conducive to giving full play to subjective initiative. Topic planning report has clear goals and action plans, which is a certain reporting idea formed by journalists based on their understanding and participation in news events and activities, and a social practice in which people's subjective initiative acts on objective facts. Secondly, clarify the division of labor of relevant executives. After the theme planning of each issue is put forward, all the planning should be detailed, with its own persuasiveness and implementation schedule. In the layout of theme planning, the relevant layout should arrange reporters who specialize in this topic to be responsible for interviewing and writing, and make the manuscript thorough according to the questions raised by the planning and the requirements of the planning. It is better to have more new things in the manuscript. In the planned marketing layout, it is also necessary to arrange some hosts and journalists of the special issue to participate in interviews, advertising and promotion, and the editing work of the relevant layout should also be specific to people. In this way, the tasks of mining, editing and management are effectively matched with the division of labor, and it is no longer difficult to do a good job in theme planning. In the implementation, it will not cause the situation of pushing three obstacles and four obstacles, and can effectively ensure the efficiency and quality of news planning and implementation.

Scientific leadership and effective control of news report planning

The management of leaders in news report planning must be enterprise-oriented. It is necessary to transition from direct "managing people by people" to paying more attention to "managing people by system and managing affairs by rules" to ensure the scientific and rigorous management and lay a good foundation for the success of news reporting planning. According to the characteristics of news reports, leaders should have some flexibility in the management of news reports. In addition, news media units should also pay attention to establishing a mechanism of survival of the fittest and competition for posts. For some important topics or innovative topics, the leaders of news report planning should be good at deploying troops and arranging tasks according to journalists' specialties. In a word, the leadership art of news reports should follow the management principle of adapting to people, events and times. Leaders should fully grasp the principles that news report planning should follow, and have an important responsibility to prevent news report planning from being alienated into news hype or even fake news. Of course, it is also an important link to avoid news hype and put an end to false news.

The planning of news reports is for better control, and news reports should ultimately reflect news value and obtain social benefits. From the above analysis, we can know that there are some problems in news report planning. Under the influence of various factors, news value cannot be automatically transformed into social benefits, and even a little carelessness will turn into news hype and false news will appear. Therefore, in the process of effective management of news report planning, effective control of news report planning is an important means to ensure that news report planning can obtain expected social benefits. The effective control of news report planning can be explained from three aspects: first, the government's control over news reports. At present, there are basically two ways to control media news reports: one is that the government controls the media through clear laws and regulations, and the other is that the government controls the media according to the principles, policies or disciplines of the party and the government. "News" is not only the "controlled", but also inevitably plays the role of "controller" in this huge system of society. It is a medium and intermediary. At this level, the general news report planning will not be touched, and the important news report planning is also directly controlled and supported by the government. Second, the feedback control of public opinion. The negative feedback theory (teleology) in cybernetics is helpful to deepen the understanding of the principles put forward by the Central Committee, such as "giving priority to positive reports", "carrying forward the main theme" and "grasping the correct direction of public opinion". The overall goal is "building Socialism with Chinese characteristics" and the general line is "one center and two basic points". In the process of moving towards this general goal and along this general route, there will inevitably be all kinds of interference from outside and inside, and there are two different feedbacks to the interference: one is positive feedback. Positive feedback always uses or amplifies these disturbances to make the system leave the original state or structure until the final qualitative change occurs. The other is negative feedback. Negative feedback is anti-interference. It constantly detects deviations and corrects them. Our news communication system implements the policy of "grasping the correct direction of public opinion" put forward by the Central Committee. From the perspective of information exchange, it is a negative feedback behavior that constantly selects the appropriate output to constantly correct errors and reduce errors to achieve the target value. Third, the internal control of news organizations. This is the key to ensure the success of news report planning. All news report planning should be implemented by the organization in the end. Successful internal control of news organizations can prevent news reporting planning from going to news hype and put an end to false news. The internal control of news organizations is embodied in all aspects of effective management of news report planning. The forward control of news report planning should be embodied in news report planning, organizational design and leadership management. The backward control of news report planning, that is, feedback control, should be carried out after a reasonable evaluation of the news report planning effect. Through effective control, we can ensure that all aspects of news report planning can embody the principles of news report, reasonably evaluate the effect of news report planning, control news report planning to a certain extent, avoid news report planning going to news hype, and put an end to false news, so as to finally reflect the value of news report planning and obtain expected social benefits.

References:

1. Cai Wen: Planning and Organization of News Communication, Xinhua Publishing House, 200 1.

2. Deng Liping: Multi-dimensional vision of negative news information dissemination, Xinhua Publishing House, 200 1.

3. Liu: On News Planning, Taishan Publishing House, 1997.

4. Chen Lidan: The Theory of Spiritual Communication-Marx and Engels' View of Communication, Enlightenment Publishing House, 1993.