The singing of art songs is different from ordinary songs. She needs the singer to have a deep understanding of the work, and on this basis, she can use her own skills and profound artistic foundation to carry out artistic treatment, so as to achieve the artistic effect required by the author and restore the silent music score to its artistic style in the artistic form of sound. To this end, the singer needs to do a lot of work before singing, which is the so-called "Kung Fu is outside the play".
First of all, we must analyze the works in depth.
A careful analysis of the words and songs of the works is the first thing to do when singing any musical works, but to sing artistic songs well, it is necessary to fully understand and study the background of the works and the composer's personal creative style.
1. Analyze the background of the work.
Many art songs have strong characteristics of the times and strong flavor of the times. It can be said that an excellent art song is the condensation and condensation of the spirit of that era in the form of music. Classical music advocates rationality, attaches importance to norms, and demands emotional restraint and form. The sound intensity of classical works is not very strong, and the contrast between strong and weak is not very strong ... In The Romantic Period, music emphasizes the expression of self-subjective consciousness. Most of the works are based on ideal things, ancient myths and legends and fantasy stories, emphasizing the combination of music with poetry, drama, painting and other arts, paying attention to the title and poetry of music, and attaching importance to absorbing the materials of national folk music to reflect nationality.
2. Analyze the national characteristics of the works.
The music of any nation in the world has obvious and distinct characteristics. We should rely on the scientific research support of linguistics, ethnology, history and geography to better analyze and interpret works of different countries and ethnic styles. The singing of German art songs is implicit, restrained and poetic, with mellow voice, small emotional change range, more delicate emotions and more small movements ... The singing of Italian art songs is often passionate, ups and downs, and the feelings are very exaggerated. Therefore, the singing of Italian style art songs needs more enthusiasm and romance, and the change of voice and range can be stronger. The artistic songs represented by Huang Zi in the 1920s and 1930s in China are restrained, elegant, compact and refined, and have a strong popularity.
3. Analyze the creative style of the work
Schubert and Schumann are both masters of art songs, but because of their different life experiences, they have formed their different musical styles. Schumann mostly expresses people's inner plot, but rarely shows his feelings about nature. His interpretation of the lyrics is put in the singing and piano sound, and sometimes even the piano sound replaces the singing. Accompaniment and singing become the composer's creative means. However, Schubert's artistic songs mainly express his understanding of nature. In his works, the status of piano accompaniment has been greatly improved, but it is still mainly singing. Among China art song writers, Huang Zi's works are exquisite and elegant, while Zhao Yuanren's works are simple and mellow.
The "root" of artistic songs is the artistic expression of individual spirit, and singers must have such a process of finding the "root" and try their best to express their spiritual connotation.
Second, we must work hard to integrate into our work.
Vocal music singing must run through emotion. Only by analyzing and studying the lyrics of art songs, determining the theme of the works and accurately grasping the emotional tone when singing can we vividly express the artistic conception of art songs and shape a distinctive artistic image.
1. Imagine this scene.
Scene imagination is to imagine the scene described in the work, put yourself in the scene at that time and put yourself in the shoes. For example, in Schumann's Dedication, the singer can "empathize" with such a scene: a young man full of vigor and fantasy in love, eager to confess to his sweetheart, who is so beautiful and noble. Another example is "Walnut Tree". Beautiful piano arpeggios and recurring theme motives make the poetry of the spring breeze and the rustling of leaves, as well as the young people's happy yearning for love, extremely vivid.
Step 2 get into the role
The performance of art songs, like other performance creations, starts from imagination. From reading works to being familiar with roles, singers need to imagine artistically before they can finally enter the roles. For example, the second song named Magic Flute in Ravel's art song suite "Arabian Nights" shows a picture of a Muslim harem. When the master is asleep, the beloved is enjoying the melody sung by his lover. The long flute is sometimes sad and sometimes cheerful, and every note flutters like a mysterious kiss. The ending is getting weaker and slower, like Claude? Debussy-style singers should not only use their pronunciation perfectly, but also have intoxicating emotional expression.
3. Grasp the degree.
In the process of singing art songs, it is inseparable from the singer's shaping of the music image to impress the audience with several music scores and let the audience understand the connotation of the works. This second creation should not only have beautiful sound conditions and understanding of artistic songs, but also have the proper state when singing, that is, the controlling singing state. After control, the sound is hard and the sound is too bad; Insufficient control, pale and flat voice. For example, Schumann's art song Moonlit Night appeared five times. Two notes, very difficult to sing. The difficulty is to control it too strongly, otherwise it will destroy the mysterious and quiet atmosphere of the whole music, and it should not be too weak. If it is too weak, the support point of art songs will "collapse".