2. Discounting of commercial bills means that the demand side of funds requests the bank or discount company (financing company) to convert the unexpired commercial bills into cash, and the bank or discount company receives these unexpired bills receivable and pays the cash to the bill discount enterprise after deducting the interest after discount according to the par value. It is a financial asset transaction, which belongs to the asset business of banks.
1. Discount interest rate refers to the interest rate used by financial institutions to discount bills to the central bank. In other words, it is the cost that commercial banks have to pay to the central bank when they need to adjust liquidity. Theoretically, the central bank can influence the enthusiasm of commercial banks to lend to the central bank by adjusting this interest rate, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the interest rate and capital supply of the entire monetary system, which is one of the important tools for the central bank to adjust the market interest rate. The formula is: discount interest = bill maturity date × discount interest rate × discount period.
2. Discounting characteristics of commercial acceptance bills: Discounting commercial acceptance bills needs to prove that the bills are legally obtained and have a real trade background. Discounting commercial bills is often used by enterprises as legal persons and other economic organizations with short-term financing needs. Individuals are not allowed to apply for discounts; Discounting commercial acceptance bills can open up new financing channels. Reduce bills receivable, increase the cash flow of enterprises, enable enterprises to raise funds at low cost, reduce the financial expenses of enterprises, and at the same time improve the speed of capital turnover and improve the efficiency of capital use; The discount business enables the commercial credit of enterprises to circulate, enhances the binding force, and is also conducive to maintaining and developing the market economy. For purchasing enterprises, because payment can be postponed, they can purchase goods in time when funds are temporarily insufficient, so that the circulation of goods can proceed smoothly. For sales enterprises, it can clear commodity channels, expand sales and accelerate capital turnover.