The first part: Common opening methods of argumentative essays.
First of all, cut to the chase and demonstrate directly. This is the most common neutral paper method in argumentation. You might as well put the central argument of the article at the beginning and then demonstrate it layer by layer. For example:
1. Modern society is full of temptations, which requires us to be good at giving up in our choices. -"Good at giving up"
The old saying "habit becomes nature" is very interesting. -"Habit becomes nature" (Ye Shengtao)
Second, come straight to the point and really refute the argument. For an argumentative paper that refutes the wrong views or materials of the other side, the fallacy or reactionary arguments of the other side are often shown at the beginning, so as to set a goal and refute them in depth. With the goal, it is logical to refute and analyze each other's wrong arguments below. For example:
Most people tend to think that there is no solution to any problem. Not exactly. Although we don't need to advocate the attitude of not seeking solutions, there is no sufficient reason to blindly oppose the attitude of not seeking solutions. -"Dont Ask For Help Solution"
Third, ask questions and discuss. It is also a common way to start an argumentative essay by asking questions directly and triggering discussion. This method is characterized by quick entry, conciseness, vividness and strength, which not only broadens the thinking, but also attracts readers and inspires thinking. For example:
What is success? I picked up a book ((Modern Chinese Dictionary)) and it said: "Success, get the expected results." Simple and clear. -"Success" (Ji Xianlin)
Fourth, the aphorism is striking. At the beginning of epigram, quoting epigram means quoting epigram at the beginning of the article, which leads to the argument or topic of the article, not only attracting readers, but also because epigram is concise, simple, profound and incisive. It is very philosophical and persuasive. For example:
Life is accidental and death is inevitable. Life and death are nothing but cheers and shouts. So, between life and death-life? -"What is life?"
Fifth, with the help of stories, add interest. An argumentative essay begins with a story and then leads to discussion. Or quote a fable first, thus causing discussion and debate. Tell a story and then discuss it. Therefore, it is reasonable and targeted to make the article interesting and convincing; Starting with a fable can visualize the abstract truth and enhance the expressive force and appeal of the article. For example:
Goethe's ambition when he was young was to become a painter. To this end, he tried to improve his painting skills, but it always had little effect. Until he was 4 years old, he traveled to Italy and saw the outstanding works of those masters with his own eyes. He finally woke up: even if it takes a lifetime, it is difficult to make a difference in painting. In pain and hesitation, he resolutely decided to give up painting and focus on literature, eventually becoming a great poet.
Indeed, it is not easy to find yourself. -"finding yourself"
Sixth, express emotions and be full of affection. Although this is a common technique in prose, you can also express your true feelings at the beginning of the article in argumentative writing. It can reflect the emotional characteristics of argumentative writing. At the same time, it can also make the expression magnificent and emotional. For example:
Mom and dad, please let go, please let go, let me go to a road full of my footprints. Even if the road is full of thorns, even if every step of the road is so muddy and bumpy, let your daughter step on it, step on it, explore it and March on it. -"Mom and Dad, please let go"
There are many ways to start a discussion. Students should choose the most suitable opening form according to their writing style and composition requirements. "A good beginning is half the battle." I wish you keep pondering, summing up, opening your mind, making a good start and writing wonderful articles.
Part II: How does the argumentative essay end?
First, the way to finish.
As the saying goes, "weaving baskets is all about closing up." The end of argumentative essay is the key to extend the meaning of the text, fully display and sublimate the argument, and also the key to measure the writing level of candidates. The ending is colorful. When writing the end of an argumentative essay, we should contact the theme, the beginning and the central argument of the article, pay attention to certain skills, and strive to get the ideal effect. We should know that the title, beginning and end of the composition are the most concerned by the marking teacher, which often leaves an overall impression in the marking teacher's mind, which also determines the score of the candidate's composition to a certain extent.
A good ending is to close the full text; Second, concise and powerful; Third, we should inspire readers and make people think; Fourth, we should echo the beginning and take care of the previous article. So, how can we write the end of an argumentative essay? By analyzing the full marks of the model essays in the college entrance examination over the years, we can easily draw the conclusion that there are several good ways to end argumentative essays in the examination room:
1. Come to an abrupt end, crisp and neat.
At the end of the article, it is mainly natural and simple, and the argumentative paper mainly analyzes and infers the contents discussed. When the facts have been explained clearly, the article can come to an abrupt end and be crisp and neat.
For example, in 2007, Breaking Through, the perfect composition of Henan college entrance examination, ended in this way.
Let's spread the wings of our hearts! May my heart fly, through the reasonable and unexpected, to embrace the ethereal fish, to embrace the butterfly flowers flying freely, to embrace the heroic geese swimming in the blue sky!
My heart is flying. Miracles are everywhere!
Taking Breaking Through as the topic, the article writes the contents full of philosophical thinking in a lyrical style, with broad artistic conception, broad mind, agile and fluent thinking, beautiful words and flying literary talent. A large number of bi xing techniques are used, from snails, streams and green leaves to Chinese and foreign history, full of affection and rationality. Finally, I made a phone call with deep affection and came to an abrupt end.
Another example is the end of the article "Language is the key to communication", the perfect score composition of Guangdong college entrance examination in 2004: "In short, please use the key of language well and let communication go straight to your heart."
2. Naturally, Zhang Xianzhi died.
In order to help readers grasp and understand the reasoning ideas of the article and further enhance the power of argumentation, we can naturally conclude the central argument at the end on the basis of full analysis and argumentation in this part, which will leave a deep and vivid impression on readers. For example, after analyzing and explaining why and how to "transform" our study, the article naturally ends with three sentences: we have taken many detours. But mistakes are often the forerunner of correctness. In such a vivid and rich revolutionary environment as China and the world, I believe that our transformation study will have good results. In a few words, it came naturally, further affirming the "transformation" and naturally putting it away.
The 2007 college entrance examination perfect score composition "Go your own way" ends: "Please look at my persistence with a tolerant eye and let me go my own way." It is this skill that shows the author's conception and solid efforts to master the language. Language is the key to communication. At the end: "In short, please use the key of language well and let communication go straight to your heart."
3, round head and tail, make the finishing point
This refers to designing the end of an argumentative paper according to its structural characteristics, linking the topic, the beginning and the central argument, making it coordinated with the topic and the beginning, making the structure of the article complete and accurate, and emphasizing and highlighting the main idea of the article. The end of this kind of argumentative paper is often the central argument of the article.
For example, Qin Mu's article "How should young people choose the path of life" pointed out the central topic at the end: young people should establish the ideal of * * * and choose the correct path of life. Another example is the article "Popular Culture of National Science", the conclusions and arguments are also unified, so it is finally written that popular culture of national science is the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal culture of the people, the culture of new democracy and the new culture of the Chinese nation.
Such as "Idol": the beginning: like a rose, the delicate and charming body is full of unruly; Like a cliff, the soaring momentum shows strength and unyielding; Just like chrysanthemums proudly in the wind, the faint fragrance shows a broad-minded mind.
The end: the rose is strong, the cliff is loose, and the chrysanthemum stands proudly in the wind. Have you materialized their spirit and put it into practice? Having such an idol is not a waste of life.
For example, 07 college entrance examination perfect score composition "Who pays for youth":
First: Walking on the road of youth, we are high-spirited, high-spirited, laughing through ups and downs, and also through an ordinary and unfamiliar youth road.
Hand in hand, parents accompany us to enter youth; Side by side, the teacher runs with us to chase youth; Heart to heart, you, me and him compose youth on the strings of fate.
……
Who pays for youth?
Not family, not school, not society, but ourselves.
At the end of an excellent composition "Don't cover your eyes with emotional clouds" in the college entrance examination in 2003: "People have feelings, but they are more rational. When we look at feelings, we should also remember: don't cover your eyes with emotional clouds. "
In 2003, the perfect composition of the college entrance examination ended with "Don't talk about likes and dislikes";
Don't judge by likes and dislikes, maybe you will find that Setaria will also produce beautiful flowers!
The title of this paper is "Don't judge by likes and dislikes". After fully demonstrating the argument, the author finally points out the topic and forms a title reference with the topic, which not only forms a symmetrical beauty in structure, but also appears neat and complete in structure, giving people a clear and profound impression, making the argument clear, closely related to the topic and powerful.
There are also many examples of clever use of argumentative essays, such as the beginning and end of the 200 1 college entrance examination model essay "Roots":
Towering old trees are rooted in strong roots, while tall and green trees rely on unyielding roots. So what is the root of our existence? I think it should be honest.
……
No matter who you are, no matter what you do, no matter where you are, protect your roots, protect the roots of China people, and protect our only possession-integrity.
The Millennium tree is a century-old pine with deep roots. At the beginning of the article, the author compares honesty to the vigorous root of towering trees, which really has the potential to take the lead in reasoning. At the end of the article, the metaphor is consistent. At the end, the author wrote that no matter who you are or what you do, you must keep your roots, even your only possession-honesty, which is coherent, smooth and seamless with the beginning and has achieved good results.
4. Summarized the meaning of call sign, full.
For example, the argumentative essay "Talking about Beauty" begins with the sentence "Everyone has a heart for beauty" and asks "What kind of beauty should we pursue? Beauty, what is it? " Then, this thesis is analyzed and discussed in detail around the problem, and finally, a summary and appeal are made: "In short, only the beauty of the soul is the most important beauty of a person. With the beauty of mind, we can achieve the beauty of language, behavior and appearance. Every beautiful soul is gradually learned and exercised by people in the complicated life. Friends, let's create a beautiful heart together. "
Another example is the end of the essay "Looking at the mask coldly": "Tear off your mask! Our world takes off its mask. We don't need this. " This conclusion is based on an in-depth analysis of the essence of "mask" in people's life, advocating and expressing their own views and attitudes, enlightening people to distinguish right from wrong and know how to choose, thus highlighting the central argument.
The article "The Ideal Ladder" summarizes the above contents with two metaphors. Deepening "Struggle" is the central argument in The Ladder of Ideals, which encourages young people to struggle for brilliant ideals. Another example is Lu Xun's article "Takeism". The conclusion not only summarizes the full text, but also takes into account the arguments put forward at the beginning, thus highlighting the discussion center of the article: in short, we should take. ....., people can't become new people without it, and literature and art can't become new literature and art without it.
This ending not only highlights the center, but also enhances the persuasiveness of the argument.
5, clever use of rhetoric, literary talent flying.
In order to increase the artistic charm of the article and give readers room for imagination and aftertaste, we can also use subtle and euphemistic methods at the end of the argumentative paper, or express our will by giving tokens, or make implicit discussions, or use methods such as quotation, metaphor, symbol, comparison, parallelism, questioning and confrontation. , make the ending rich and profound, inexhaustible, give people profound enlightenment, leaving endless aftertaste.
1) Quote famous sayings: that is, quote epigrams, famous sayings, poems, etc. As the end of the article, so as to achieve the purpose of "what you say must be done, leaving something important".
Quote ready-made words at the end, such as famous sayings, aphorisms, lyrics, poems, classic works, proverbs, etc. , can take care of the theme in structure, deepen the theme in content, make the article concise and powerful, and show the author's wide knowledge. For example, in 2003, the college entrance examination composition "unreliable, unreliable" ended:
"All feelings are good in essence, and what we should avoid is the abuse and misuse of them." Descartes also told us that when we know things, we should be cautious based on reason and supplemented by emotion, and strive to make the intimacy of feelings play an active role in the process of understanding things.
Descartes' famous words are quoted at the end, which not only summarizes the previous articles, but also further demonstrates the argument, which is closely related to the beginning and naturally gives the central argument of the full text. The ending is concise and powerful, and the heart is strong, giving a clear and profound impression.
At the end of the article "Fear of mistakes is to undermine progress", the sentence "Fear of mistakes is to undermine reform" was invented by imitating Whitehead's famous saying. The language is incisive and deepens the central idea. When using this method, it should be noted that the cited materials must be related to and serve the theme. "I was desperate and fell into a deep well. I looked down and saw the stars in the water. I always see the deepest beauty in the deepest despair. " "Jimmy's words reverberate in your ears, open the window of your heart, expand your horizons and reap a golden life." ("vision")
The excellent work "I Can" in the 2007 college entrance examination quoted: Madame Curie once said: "We should have perseverance, especially self-confidence! We must believe that our talent is used to do something, and no matter what happens, the living will always work as usual. " It is her self-confidence and "I can" in the face of setbacks that supported her to win the Nobel Prize twice after being hit by lovelorn, widowed and social gossip, and made outstanding contributions to the scientific cause of mankind.
2) Questions and rhetorical questions: It is a common and good method to end with questions and rhetorical questions. The former only asks and doesn't answer, arousing readers' imagination and thinking, while the latter only asks and doesn't answer, but the answer contains a strong tone, which gives readers a strong shock and causes a strong * * * sound. Both endings can inspire readers to think deeply and leave a deep impression. For example, at the end of the 2000 college entrance examination perfect score composition "Life is also an answer sheet":
On this big test paper of life, the questions seem simple and the answers seem colorful, but it is far from simple to hand over a satisfactory answer sheet. What would you say?
The article "Idol" writes: Friend, when you are in trouble, what can help you "gobble up Wan Li"? It is your idol who gives you spiritual support; When you are in an ordinary situation, what can help you "be humiliated and stay"? It is your idol who tells you to face success with a normal heart. Therefore, we should face up to idols and write successfully!
After discussing the importance of "being good at managing your own strengths", the article "Learn to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses" ends with an argument and a clever question, which is thought-provoking and frightening: "The feet are short, the inches are long. Being good at discovering one's own strengths and being good at management will add value to one's life and create more wealth for society. Isn't it beautiful to foster strengths and avoid weaknesses? "
The end of an argumentative paper can be as powerful as a leopard's tail, or as unforgettable as an olive, inspiring readers to think deeply, expanding associations and leaving a deep impression. This is the case in this paper. After full argumentation, the author compares life to a big paper in easy-to-understand language and asks, "What would you answer?" The question is thought-provoking, thought-provoking and shocking.
3) Parallel analogy:
Although you are still a small sapling, you will eventually become a towering tree as long as you persevere; Although you are only a trickle now, as long as you persevere, you will eventually embrace the sea; Although you are only a young eagle now, as long as you aim high and fall a few times, you will eventually occupy the blue sky. Just like butterflies, cocooning is to accumulate strength and experience oneself, and turning pupae into butterflies is to fly dreams. (cocoon formation and rupture)
4) Double calling:
My friend, information is an all-encompassing river. Only by learning to discard the false and retain the true, to extract the essence from the rough, can the tree of wisdom thrive; Information is a good medicine for treating diseases. Only by learning the right medicine and using medicine rationally can ignorance be cured. Maybe tomorrow, you and I will open the door of the information city with the key of wisdom and set out for our dreams. Are you ready?
5) Metaphor symbol:
At the end of Comrade Mao Zedong's "A single spark can start a prairie fire", metaphor and symbolism are used: it is a ship standing on the coast, overlooking the sea, and the tip of the mast can already be seen. It's a sunrise from the top of the mountain in the east, and it's a baby that is about to mature.
At the end of the essay "The Ship of Destiny", an excellent composition of college entrance examination, it is parody: "We are like a ship sailing in the deep sea. On the journey of life, we can only reach the other side of hope by mastering our own destiny and establishing our own ambitions. " I used metaphors and symbols.
At the end of the article "Choose Good and Follow", an excellent composition of the college entrance examination in 2002: "Choosing good is a fire that lights up the lamp of life; Choosing goodness is a lamp that illuminates the road of life; Choosing goodness is the way to lead you to the dawn. "
Another example is the end of the article "Choose Kindness", the perfect score of the college entrance examination in 2002: "Be a natural spiritual choice: cherish a bird in your hand because it sings to us. Wipe the ink off the child's face gently, and don't scare her, because we have done it before. Take out a dollar and put it in the donation box, because they need our meager strength ... "
All of the above are based on certain rhetorical devices and skillfully use whole sentences to highlight the argument. Whether it is accepted or published, it is full of poetry and philosophy, which makes the end of the article colorful and eye-catching and wins the favor of critics.
Please see the last 200 1 college entrance examination model essay "A dime and integrity":
Honesty and success are linked. It may bring great wealth to people, that is, "money"; Or success, that is, "learning"; Perhaps it is immortality, that is, "honor" ... but all this is not the most fundamental. The most fundamental thing is the sublimity of the soul and the richness of the spirit. So, my friends, please pack your "honest" bags, even if it is only related to "ten cents" ...
This ending not only takes care of the beginning, strengthens the central argument, but also emphasizes that honesty brings not only money, talent and honor, but also the loftiness of the soul and the enrichment of the spirit, which deepens the center. Finally, an ellipsis is used, which leaves readers room for re-creation and inspires people to think further, especially the strong contrast between honesty and a dime.
6, dialectical expression, avoid being extreme.
When expressing opinions and opinions, in order to highlight the central argument, the author's powerful exposition is sometimes biased. So in the end, we should make a dialectical statement to avoid the argument being too extreme.
For example, at the end of an argumentative paper, we say "big": "Of course, while emphasizing" big ",we can't refuse small things and despise small mistakes. "Big" and "small" are dialectical. If "small" is the basis of "big", then "big" is the goal of "small". So I quite agree with this sentence:' think big and start small.' "
At the end of the argumentative paper "Believe in him or believe in yourself": "Life is like the autumn wind wrinkling the long years, leaving many melancholy and sighs. Walking in the life journey of the stars, don't go your own way, and don't trust everyone. Believe in yourself and listen to other people's opinions. This is the magic weapon for a stormy life and a happy Ren Woxing.
Believe in yourself, sit in front of the court and watch the clouds rolling in the sky.
Listen to other people's opinions, life is rough and feelings are more open. "
Reasoning with dialectical methods, analyzing and solving problems with relevant, developing and comprehensive viewpoints, and "splitting into two" can make the composition shine with speculative light.
7, multi-pronged, rich in content
In order to express strong feelings or arouse greater repercussions, the article often uses various methods to close the beam, making the meaning fuller and the effect stronger.
For example, at the end of the article "Please be busy": "Please be busy! It is happy to be a' person with money and leisure', but what should I do if all people are idle and no one is busy with work? In short, in times of crisis, you should be very busy; In peacetime, we must not slack off and relax. We should be busier without being too busy, shouldn't we? "
8. quit others and call for enlightenment
In the process of writing, candidates can also express their writing intentions, exhortations, demands and hopes to readers at the end of the article, so as to attract readers' attention, infect readers, produce * * * sounds, and play a role in education, encouragement or encouragement.
The so-called self-discipline method is to aim at the author himself or his department and put forward his future ideal, direction and determination according to the actual situation. Some articles will solicit opinions from others when collecting pens, which is also a self-discipline method.
For example, Guo Moruo's "Three Centennial Festival of Shen Jia" finally said: In this way, the tragedy of the individual (referring to Li Zicheng) has expanded into the tragedy of the country, and this significance cannot be said to be profound.
This conclusion, that is, telling people to keep a clear head when the revolution is won, is of great significance.
One student's practice is "within three minutes, seven minutes away" and ends with self-discipline:
In terms of age, I am still a middle school student and have not yet entered the society; As far as writing is concerned, I am still a recruit who just took a pen. My only advantage is that I dare to learn to write with a pen. Fortunately, with the guidance of teachers and the help of classmates, I am more confident on the road of writing.
Some articles end with reality, telling the truth and making statements. This way of ending is also the end of self-discipline. For example, students practice the ending of "worrying about the world first, and enjoying the world later", which is written standing up:
The future of our motherland is bright, and our cause will surely win. My colleagues and I must consciously and voluntarily shoulder the heavy responsibility entrusted to us by history. Like countless people with lofty ideals and countless martyrs who shed their blood for the revolution in history, we should "worry about the world first and enjoy the world later" and strive for the prosperity of the motherland and the happiness of the people.
The so-called heteronomy means putting forward how to work hard for others in the future at the end of the article. For example, the article "This stupid thing can't be done again" at the turn of spring and summer wrote that after the national apple harvest, due to blind price increases and other reasons, apples were seriously unsalable, causing huge losses to the country. When collecting pens, the article puts forward some suggestions for improvement to the relevant departments by using other laws:
There is a couplet that hits the nail on the head. I might as well write it down here. The first part is "keep good and sell bad", the second part is "sell bad and good" and the horizontal part is "bring forth the old and bring forth the new". Such a stupid thing can't be done again! Instead of waiting for the apples to rot before lowering the price, why not lower the price appropriately as soon as possible, so that the people can benefit from the bumper harvest and the country can avoid losses?
At the end of some articles, readers are given a generous speech, and the meaning of words is recorded in the form of rhetorical questions. Although the author often doesn't answer directly, this rhetorical question impacts people's thoughts and inspires readers to think deeply. This writing also belongs to other commandments. For example, Comrade Mao Zedong's criticism and self-criticism ended like this:
..... Are there any ideas, viewpoints, opinions and methods that are not suitable for people's needs? Do we still welcome any political microbes to defile our clean faces and erode our sound bodies? Countless revolutionary martyrs gave their lives for the benefit of the people, which made everyone alive feel sad when they remembered them. Are there any personal interests that cannot be sacrificed, and any mistakes that cannot be abandoned?
There are also some argumentative essays, which look forward to the future and reveal the prospects at the end, and obviously have the function of calling, encouraging and inspiring, so they also belong to the law of abstinence. For example, Tao Zhu's "great ideal" is like this: Students! Since the beginning of human society, no society can compare with capitalist society. No ideal can be compared with the higher and greater ideal of capitalism. I hope every student should have this lofty ideal and devote his best years to the lofty cause of * * *. This ending is often beautiful in words, profound in meaning, full of enthusiasm and self-confidence, infectious and persuasive.
At the end of Comrade Mao Zedong's Theory of New Democracy, it reads: The new China is standing in front of everyone, and we should welcome it.
The masthead of the new China ship is on the horizon, and we should applaud it.
Hands up, New China is ours.
The ending composition "Innovation-Manifestation of Personality", full marks in the 2000 college entrance examination;
Advocate creation, accept and encourage this infinite diversity! Remember, "the first one describes a woman as a genius, the second as a mediocrity, and the third as a big fool."
The end of this kind of call and exhortation is very distinctive, carrying forward the past into the future, concise and lively, which not only clearly shows its own views, but also enhances the momentum and appeal of the article, which is more touching than those mediocre and plain calls.
The ending composition "Learn to Grow" got full marks in the 2007 college entrance examination;
Learn to grow up and listen to parents' nagging, because it is full of their deep affection for us!
Learn to grow up and understand the teacher's teaching, because that teaching is actually the basic morality of our future life!
Learn to grow up and adapt to social rules and habits, because those rules and habits are regulating our relationship with others!
At the end of the composition "When encountering setbacks, amplify the pain": When encountering setbacks, don't amplify the pain, wipe the sweat on your forehead, try the tears in your eyes and move on! I believe that one day you will see blue sky, white clouds and green grass, and there will be a sweet smile on your mouth. ...
There are many ending techniques, which can be used alone or in combination, and the ending should not be hasty. As long as we go all out and design carefully, we will definitely make the ending into a wonderful drama, which is refreshing, touching and memorable.
In short, "there is no fixed method for writing", writing articles is like flowing water, what should be done, what should be stopped, and what should be stopped. However, as an integral part of the whole idea, the ending should not be impromptu, repetitive, artificial and disjointed. What I'm talking about here is just the usual ending method in argumentative writing. Moreover, it should be noted that no matter which ending method is used, it must obey the need of discussing the problem, and it must not be made into an additional free part.
Second, the end requirements
After reading the end below, think about and summarize its characteristics and benefits.
Example 1, three endings of "live high"
Sub-argument: live the truth, live the personality and live the value.
End 1:
In short, to live yourself is to live the truth, not hypocrisy, not fraud, and be true to yourself; Is to live a personality, not smooth, not sophisticated, to be a unique self; Is to live out the value, don't hurt others, don't hurt society, and be a valuable self. For such a self, even if it is "more" or "better", you can give up. Friends, live like this!
Features:
1, which summarizes the content of the argument.
2. Respond to the materials and topics to make the article echo.
3. Strong commotion.
4. The language is concise and powerful.
The relationship between ontology and ending: the relationship between point and total.
Ending 2
So, how can we live a true, individual and valuable self? I think the most important thing is to curb selfish desires and prevent them from expanding at all times. Only selflessness, we won't forget the interests, we won't strive for success, we won't hurt others and society, we won't lose ourselves and be a self that is beneficial to others and society. In addition, of course, there are many aspects that need attention. For example, honesty, openness, and the courage to correct mistakes; You should have your own opinions, stick to the correct opinions, and don't follow suit, go with the flow and so on. In short, we should strengthen all aspects of self-cultivation, strive to improve our own quality, and live the truest, most unique and most valuable self.
The relationship between ontology and ending: progressive relationship (from what to how, the discussion deepens. )
Ending 3,
It is true that our emphasis on living ourselves is by no means to highlight individuals and advocate personal heroism; Never put individuals above others, organizations, countries or nations. On the contrary, we should integrate ourselves into the society, always consider the interests of others, organizations, nations and countries, make the greatest contribution to them, and make ourselves an excellent molecule and be an excellent self.
On the relationship between element and ending: hierarchical relationship. (Dialectical discussion prevents going to extremes)
Abstract: requirements
1. Close the full text and sublimate the main idea. (Total division, step by step)
2, inspirational call, inspiring people. (Advantages, Practice)