Nowadays, papers are often used to refer to articles that conduct research in various academic fields and describe academic research results, which are referred to as papers for short. It is not only a means to discuss problems in academic research, but also a tool to describe academic research results in academic exchanges. The following is the main content of my thesis defense, welcome to share.

Main contents of thesis defense

1. Why did you choose this topic (or topic)? What is the academic value or practical significance of studying and writing it?

2. Explain the history and present situation of this topic, that is, what research has been done by predecessors, what achievements have been made, what problems have not been solved, what new viewpoints I have, and what problems have been put forward and solved.

3. Basic viewpoints and arguments of the article.

4. The academic circles and society's specific arguments on some issues, as well as their own tendentious views.

5. Specific sources of important quotations.

6. Problems that should have been involved or solved were not contacted due to lack of strength; A new idea that has little to do with the center of this article but has not been written.

7. The feasibility of the viewpoint put forward in this paper.

8. After the final version is submitted, I reread the newly discovered defects.

9. Experience in writing graduation thesis (homework).

10, advantages and disadvantages of this paper. In short, be prepared for oral expression. Not reading the paper, nor reading the writing outline, but reading the summary.

Related contents of thesis defense of secretarial major in higher vocational colleges

First, the acquisition of skills shows the preparation of defense.

(1) Define the purpose and purpose.

Adopting the defense method of learned skills thesis is mainly to comprehensively consider the quality of the cultivation of secretarial professionals, especially to promote students to seriously participate in the internship during their junior year, learn modestly in practice and constantly improve their professional skills.

(2) Formulate the implementation plan

The defense of graduation thesis of secretary major adopts the form of writing+skill display, that is, the students of secretary major must display the skills related to the internship position while completing the professional thesis. The scope requirements and evaluation criteria of skill display are determined according to the national or industrial vocational skill appraisal standards, and the score ratio and specific evaluation criteria of related skills are stipulated.

(3) Strengthen education and raise awareness.

After the implementation plan of the defense of the acquired skills exhibition is determined, it should be put into the QQ group or class and thesis guidance group of the network platform, so that every instructor and student can know it for implementation; When junior students register, they should carry out centralized publicity and education to make them realize the purpose and significance of showing and defending the skills they have learned, and emphasize that every student must participate in the internship and complete the graduation thesis in combination with professional posts.

Second, the acquisition of skills shows the steps of defense.

(1) preparation stage

This stage includes two steps.

The first step is text collection and topic classification. According to the unified arrangement of the school, May of each year is the time for graduation thesis defense. In early May, the teaching and research section of secretarial major collected all the papers of students of this major, sorted them according to the topics and contents of the papers, and initially determined the relevant skills and basic requirements to be displayed in the defense. According to the National Professional Standard for Secretaries promulgated by the Ministry of Labor and Social Security in 2006, a secretary is a person who is engaged in office procedural work, assists his boss in handling government affairs and daily affairs, and provides services for decision-making and implementation. Combined with the social demand and the demand of modern enterprises for secretarial talents, we initially determined that the scope of presenting the thesis defense skills of secretarial graduates is mainly: writing related general documents in modern enterprises and institutions, foreign affairs activities, public relations, organization and coordination, and the use of modern office equipment.

The second step is to identify and prepare the display skills. The skill items displayed in the teaching and research section of secretarial major must be confirmed by the thesis instructor and the defending students. At the same time, the instructor is required to urge the students to strengthen training and prepare for the defense. According to the characteristics of secretarial major and the requirements of professional skill appraisal, we divide the main professional skills required by secretarial major in higher vocational colleges into three categories: writing, meeting and handling affairs, and formulate the "Record Form of Skills Exhibition and Defense for Graduation Thesis of Secretarial Major" (see the table below for details) for teachers and students' reference.

(2) Specific implementation stage

When defending the thesis, all juniors participate in the defense, and sophomores watch the whole process.

(1) the presentation of writing skills. According to the requirements of graduates' internship positions and job responsibilities, combined with the topic selection of the thesis, and drawing lessons from the way of secretary's professional skill appraisal, that is, giving on-site materials and writing relevant documents within a limited time. For example, Chen, a secretary major in Class 20 1 1, worked as an intern in the fire brigade. His internship position is office work. His main duties are to browse relevant information on the Internet every day, write and edit local fire information bulletin regularly, go to the police with the 1 19 fire truck when there is an emergency, and do a good job in fire information contact and information reporting. The topic of the students' thesis is "Analysis of Fire Information Drafting". In the graduation thesis skill defense, according to the requirements of the skill demonstration project in the preliminary competition, we broadcast the news video of the fire fighters in Hengyang, Hunan Province who bravely saved people's lives and property in 2003, and asked the students to write a fire rescue message with standard format and appropriate content within 15 minutes. After that, we gave the text of the network news report at that time, which was compared by students and evaluated by teachers and experts.

(2) skills display. According to the internship experience and meeting topics, use meeting skills to defend and show. For example, Dai, a secretary major in the 20th11session, worked as an intern in the Science Museum of Zhejiang University. The topic of this student's thesis is unforgettable internship. In order to investigate the student's skills and level of organizing meetings, the defense team set up a real scene of the meeting of faculty representatives and trade union members to be held in our school in early July, and asked the student to list the work items before, during and after the meeting in writing and answer questions on the spot. In the skill demonstration defense, the student carefully considered the agenda, minutes and minutes of the meeting, as well as the logo, seat, desk sign, guidance, etiquette, tea, etc. He performed well and was recognized by the defense teacher.

(3) skills display. According to preliminary statistics, nearly13 of the students who have participated in the internship have worked in marketing, personnel assistant, manager assistant and other positions. Therefore, we ask them to show their communication skills by taking the teachers and students on site as customers or clients according to their communication methods and skills. For example, Yuan, a secretary major in class 20 1 1, worked as an intern in an insurance company in Wenzhou, and was promoted to supervisor in less than a year because of his good performance. Her graduation thesis is entitled "Analysis of Active Communication and Passive Communication in Insurance Marketing". In the skill demonstration defense, we asked the student to take a foreign teacher at the scene as a sales customer of insurance products and demonstrate communication skills. The student is customer-oriented, considers problems from the customer's point of view, and makes full use of oral communication skills, which has been affirmed by the judges, teachers and students on the spot. For another example, the secretary student of the 20th11held an internship in a file consulting company in Hangzhou, and her thesis topic was My Understanding of File Internship. In the skill presentation and defense session, we asked her to organize the files of a small construction company on the spot. Students first classify the scattered file directories and put forward the classification basis, methods and sorting requirements. Her professional knowledge and skilled skills in archiving benefited the teachers and students present.

(3) Summarize the improvement stage

After the end of the defense, the defense team should collect and sort out relevant materials in time, including skill display scoring records, defense audio and video, etc. , to evaluate the defense work of skills display, affirm the achievements, analyze the shortcomings, put forward pertinent opinions to individual students with average performance, and put forward the requirements for re-defense to students with poor performance.

Third, the defensive effect of feedback on the display of learned skills

The survey shows that more than 80% students understand and welcome the defense form of skills display papers. Students generally believe that failing in the college entrance examination and going to higher vocational colleges are under great pressure in society and need to establish self-confidence. By demonstrating the acquired skills, you can get guidance and encouragement from teachers and experts, and you will have more confidence in your future career development. In addition, the defense form of skills exhibition papers can better guide and urge sophomores to pay attention to the study of professional knowledge and job skills, and the on-the-job internship rate of secretarial students in the 20 12 session has been significantly improved.

Fourth, matters needing attention in the defense of acquired skills display

(1) should conform to the characteristics of higher vocational education.

The display of acquired skills should highlight the effectiveness of training, strive to combine with the post and professional practice, and at the same time have certain appreciation and reference, highlighting the test of the "double high" (high quality and high skill) of talent training objectives in higher vocational colleges. The evaluation criteria for the presentation and defense of the skills learned by the secretary major should be based on the national "Standards for the Appraisal of Secretary Professional Skills" and reflect the characteristics of the secretary major and related internship positions in higher vocational colleges.

(2) Make preparations before the defense.

First of all, we should strengthen organizational leadership, do a good job in publicity and education, and unify our thinking and understanding, so that teachers and students who participate in thesis guidance and defense can understand and agree with the purpose and significance of acquiring skills display defense, and truly play the role of skills display defense. Secondly, students should prepare relevant materials and demonstration texts for thesis defense; The defense team should prepare relevant materials and display props, including computers, multimedia courseware, camera equipment, etc. , and do a good job of software and hardware support. Thirdly, it is necessary to conduct centralized screening of skill display projects, provide alternative topics, and avoid repeated display of the same skill project.

(3) Improve the comprehensive quality of national defense teachers.

Due to the differences in internship positions of secretarial students and the diversity of thesis topics, the acquisition of skills to show defense has higher requirements for teachers who preside over and participate. The overall knowledge structure of defense teachers should be reasonable, covering secretarial, economic, management and other categories, and fully grasp the business knowledge and skills such as documents, archives, public relations and office affairs.

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