Method is a common tool. It pursues a "different path", which is a different path to a certain goal. Research method is the way, way and means of our research object. In literary criticism, the commonly used methods include aesthetics, sociology, psychology, structuralism and hermeneutics. Of course, in the study of an object, different methods are often complementary and can have both. For example, traditional sociological criticism pays more attention to the connection between literature and social life, which can help us to deeply understand the ideological content of literary works. However, its study of literary texts is not as detailed as formalism criticism. Formalism criticism exaggerates the study of literary texts and has its own fairness, but it separates the relationship between works and the times, society, writers and readers, and only studies literary works in isolation, showing great fatigue.
3. Mistakes in the graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature-greedy for perfection, divorced from subjective reality.
The topics in scientific research belong to different levels, such as history, theory and technology, which are different in size and difficulty. History, theory and technology, that is, discipline history, basic theory and practical application. For example, linguistics can be divided into historical linguistics, basic linguistics and applied linguistics; Literature can be divided into literary history, literary theory and applied aesthetics. Belonging to the research of development history, we should exhaust our resources and fish, and build a high-rise building; Belonging to basic theoretical research, we should learn philosophy, aesthetics and logic well, improve theoretical cultivation and be good at analysis and demonstration; Research that belongs to practical topics should pay attention to reality and have academic sensitivity. Generally speaking, macro-topics are more complicated and span time and space, which is a more difficult topic; Microscopic problems are relatively simple and difficult. For example, the difficulty coefficient of writers' textual research, works' textual research and characters' images in works decreases in turn. Take the following topics as examples: the study of Lu Xun's creation, the study of Lu Xun's novels, the study of Shout, the study and analysis of Ah Q's personality, and the analysis of Ah Q's spiritual victory method ... which can clearly show the changes from big to small. The extension is different, and the difficulty is different. The graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature must be selected according to its own knowledge structure and ability level.
The topic selection of Chinese language and literature graduation thesis should be good at focusing and analyzing a side or a difficult point of a topic, which should be small but not big. Some students are greedy for "difficulty" in choosing topics and get lost in generalities. The main performance is the lack of analysis and definition of the connotation and extension of keywords. For example, a graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature, The Influence of Media Reform on Advertising Industry, has the key words of media, reform, advertising industry and influence. Media include newspapers, radio, television, Internet, periodicals, books and so on. What kind of media is it? Change is also broad, such as the colonization of communication ideas, the renewal of technical means, the progress of employees' own quality and so on. , all belong to the category of "change"; As for advertising, it includes producers, agents and publishers. , generally refers to all industries related to advertising; Influence can produce both positive and negative effects. With such a wide range, it is inevitable that you will get lost when writing.
In fact, "small" topics can also make "big" articles, and "small" does not mean that there is no learning. Some people say that writing the graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature now is for junior high school students to write great China literature and study the whole China literature. High school students write China literature of a dynasty; One aspect of undergraduate writing dynasty literature; Graduate students learn a set of books or a set of documents; Doctoral students study a book; Postdoctoral research on the preface of a book or an article in a book; The professor studied a sentence in an article; When teaching abroad, you only say one word in a sentence. Putting aside the irony, realistically speaking, the professor only speaks "one word". In a sense, it needs more knowledge, and it is a university that values books.
In the graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature, the so-called "small" and "easy" exist relatively, and this distinction is made according to the knowledge mastered. In general, small topics are easy to do, but big topics are difficult to do. The key is moderate size and difficulty. The graduation thesis topics of some students majoring in Chinese language and literature are unprincipled "small" and "easy", such as "Several methods at the beginning of a speech" and "On the writing skills of a poem by Meng Haoran", etc., because of their limited academic value, they are only equivalent to literary essays or essays in the general sense, so they are not worth taking. Some people compare the difficulty of choosing a topic to the height of a basketball basket. If the basket is too high, higher than the 20th floor, trying to shoot will be an "air ball", or if the basket is too low, ordinary people can dunk as hard as Michael Jordan, and basketball will lose their enthusiasm for participation. Height is just right now. "Jump, you can achieve it" should be an intuitive expression of the difficulty of topic selection.
4. Mistakes in Chinese Language and Literature Graduation Thesis-only focusing on the present, ignoring the long-term development.
Topics, such as mining, can be divided into poor ore and rich ore. In the graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature, the so-called inexhaustible Shakespeare, inexhaustible Lu Xun, inexhaustible Cao Xueqin or a Dream of Red Mansions ... means that these writers and works are like a rich mine that cannot be mined. If you choose a third-rate writer and a third-rate work, and the writer himself, Jiang Lang, is exhausted, and the work itself lacks ideological and artistic value and is short-lived, there will be no so-called sustainable development.
Scientific research work is not guerrilla warfare, nor is it a shot to change places. On the contrary, it is often to insist on the castle peak and not to relax, but to look for her. In the research work of scholars, the second topic is often an extension or deepening of the first topic, which is the growth point of the previous research results, rather than starting a new stove. They often form a series of studies and constitute a big topic. On the other hand, some students' course papers analyzed the artistic features of Wang Wei's poems, academic papers discussed the methods and laws of ideological and political work, and graduation papers studied the consumption psychology of college students. This combination has become a hodgepodge, which does not reflect the researcher's "specialization".
In addition to the lack of gold content in the thesis itself, guerrilla warfare and neglect of long-term development, the graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature major is also reflected in its disconnection from future work needs. Under normal circumstances, our classmates' employment direction is: secretarial work in the organs, news editing in the media, and Chinese teaching in middle schools. In secretarial work, we should focus on selecting topics in secretarial science and writing; Engaged in news editing, we should pay attention to the topic selection of journalism and communication; To engage in Chinese teaching in middle schools, we should focus on linguistics, article study and Chinese teaching methods. Of course, as students majoring in Chinese language and literature, they are experts in studying writers and works. So the topic of literature should be the undisputed first choice. Here, the above distinction is made according to the employment direction. As mentioned earlier, some students' topics are "Reflection on Migrant Workers", "Causes and Countermeasures of Domestic Violence" and so on. Its employment direction is nothing more than secretarial work, journalism or teaching, but in any case, the topic selection of graduation thesis of Chinese language and literature major is far from the needs of future work, which is not conducive to its sustainable development. Choosing these topics that deviate from the professional direction and ignore the long-term development can not but be said to be related to cramming.