The topic selection of graduation thesis is the first step to complete the thesis and the key to determine the quality of the thesis. If the topic is selected properly, a series of subsequent work (such as argument angle selection, material selection, content organization arrangement, innovation establishment, etc. ) will follow, and the success of the paper will have a good foundation.

I. Main points of the topic

(a) The theme should be of academic or applied value.

The topic of graduation thesis should be able to solve the problems in academic research or real life. The topic selection of the paper has a preliminary influence on the value of the paper. If the content of the topic is empty, it is often impossible to propose and solve new problems in theory and reality, and there is no innovation.

(b) The scope and content of the topic should not be too large.

The scope and content of the topic are too large, which often leads to the topic being too wide and too deep, and it is difficult to collect the writing materials of the paper. The result is often that the analysis of the problem is not deep and broad, and there is no focus, so the quality of the paper is difficult to guarantee.

(C) Common methods of topic selection

1, "hot spot" extraction method

2. Selection method of survey topics

3. Teaching inspired topic selection method

4. Learn from the method of topic selection.

5. Event theme selection method

6. Quasi-topic selection method

(d) Drafting the title of the document

The title of graduation thesis is generally required to be worthy of the name, clear and eye-catching, and we must pay attention to methods. The common methods of drafting the title of the paper are:

1, with the general argument of the article as the title (its advantage lies in its outstanding argument)

2. Take the problem under study as the topic (its advantage is that the problem is outstanding)

3. Use subtitle supplement method (its advantage is that it can expand the capacity of thesis topics)

(5) Pay attention to the topic selection

Students should pay attention to the following aspects when choosing topics:

1, the topic should be within your capabilities.

The topic of the paper should be in line with your own ability. On the one hand, the abilities mentioned here are subjective, such as interests, hobbies, knowledge structure, practical experience, independent research ability, familiarity with topics, language organization ability and so on. On the other hand, it is objective, such as time limit, information materials, book equipment, research status of topic selection, etc.

2. It's easy to choose a topic.

Some students regard writing a thesis as an imposed task, so they are more casual when choosing a topic, and often choose a topic that they think is not difficult. This idea of topic selection is manifested in choosing which topic is the easiest to find in books and periodicals, and also in not aiming at or avoiding practical problems; When writing, don't mention difficult questions at all, just talk about key issues lightly, and only hand in words. If you choose a topic with this wrong idea, it is difficult to guarantee the final quality of the paper.

You can't lack interest in the topic you choose.

If you are not interested in a topic, you will often feel "tasteless" about your own ideas and concepts first, which makes it difficult to stimulate enthusiasm and enthusiasm in the writing process. Without the passion of thinking, it will lead to dull thinking and dull language around the topic. Only if you are interested in the topic and have a strong curiosity about the problem can you devote yourself wholeheartedly, concentrate on collecting information, conduct in-depth research and mobilize all your wisdom to write a paper.

Third, how to carry out literature retrieval

To write a graduation thesis well, rich information is essential. Literature retrieval refers to the process of using certain methods and strategies to find the required literature information from retrieval tools. At present, our commonly used documents are mainly printed books, periodicals, newspapers and so on. , as well as electronic CDs, databases, computer network products, etc.

(A) the method of literature retrieval

The methods of literature retrieval generally include browsing, forward search, backward search and spot check. As a basic retrieval method, it is combined with retrospective method (instead of using retrieval tools, we start with the references after the text and trace the original text one by one).

(B) the way of literature retrieval

The main ways of literature retrieval are: the external characteristics of literature (such as title, author, publishing house, serial number, etc.). ); Search for content characteristics (such as classification and subject) of documents.

(C) the steps of literature retrieval

The general steps of literature retrieval: first, analyze the research topic and make clear the literature demand; Secondly, select the retrieval tool and determine the retrieval method; Third, determine the retrieval mode and draw the retrieval logo; Finally, look for literature clues and get the original text.

(d) literature retrieval tools

There are two main types of document retrieval tools: manual retrieval tools and computer retrieval tools.

1, manual retrieval tool

(1), a directory retrieval tool

Catalogue is a tool to record specific publishing or collection units. It takes a complete publishing or collection unit as the recording unit, and generally records the name, author and source of the literature. Mainly include: national bibliography, such as national general bibliography, national new bibliography; Joint catalogues, such as the National Chinese Periodical Joint Catalogue and Jiangsu University Joint Catalogue; The collection catalogue, such as the collection catalogue of our library, reflects the storage information of our collection resources.

(2) Index retrieval tools

Index is a retrieval tool that arranges related items or knowledge units in some important documents in a specific range according to certain needs, such as book titles, periodical titles, names of people, place names, words, etc., and points out the source to provide readers with literature clues. The influential publications in China are: national newspaper index, newspaper information index, internal information index, economic daily index and so on.

(3) Abstract retrieval tools

It is the condensation of original documents and an important tool for systematic reporting, accumulation and retrieval of documents. Compared with the index, it contains not only the external characteristics of the index, but also the content summary. The retrieval tool is a retrieval reference book that extracts the main contents of the literature accurately and concisely with concise words and arranges them systematically according to certain recording rules and arrangement methods. Economic management abstracts mainly include: management abstracts, economic management abstracts, Xinhua abstracts, economic abstracts, etc.

(4) Reference retrieval tools

Reference retrieval tools, namely reference books, mainly include the following types:

Chinese dictionary, a reference book for explaining words. There are Chinese dictionaries and professional dictionaries, such as financial dictionaries, marketing dictionaries, economics dictionaries, and economic and trade dictionaries.

Encyclopedia is a large-scale reference book that summarizes the authority, knowledge and retrieval of basic knowledge of all disciplines or a certain discipline. Such as Encyclopedia Britannica, Encyclopedia of China, Encyclopedia of Economics, Encyclopedia of International Economic Trade, Encyclopedia of Modern Enterprise Finance and Accounting, Encyclopedia of China Enterprise Management, etc.

Yearbook is a reference book that systematically collects important current affairs documents, subject progress and various statistical data in a year and is published continuously every year. The data of the yearbook mainly comes from the government gazette of that year, some important documents and the data provided by the statistical department. The information authority is novel. Such as: People's Republic of China (PRC) Yearbook, China Economic Yearbook, China Statistical Yearbook, Jiangsu Statistical Yearbook, China Financial Yearbook, China Foreign Economic and Trade Yearbook, etc.

Manual is a reference book that systematically sorts out the basic knowledge and materials that need to be consulted frequently in a certain subject or discipline for reference at any time. This manual is highly applicable. It collects accurate information, data and formulas. It is a recognized and definite classic scientific and technological knowledge, which reflects the maturity and in-depth explanation of the subject and has great reference value. Such as: Practical Handbook of International Economic Practice, Practical Guide to Securities Investment, Complete Format of Practical Economic Documents, Practical Stock Trading Handbook, China Advertising Practice Encyclopedia, etc.

A catalogue is a reference book, which provides brief information about names, places and institutions. For example, the list of the world's top 500 enterprises, China enterprises, Shanghai foreign-funded financial institutions, China export commodity manufacturers, China, and the records of contemporary China economists.

Data compilation is the collection of documents around a certain subject or theme, usually the collection of original data. Such as: Economic White Paper: Economic Situation and Prospect in China, Economic Blue Book: Analysis and Forecast of Economic Situation in China, Compilation of Statistical Data of New China in the Past 50 Years, China Market Economy Information Database, Compilation of Laws and Regulations in People's Republic of China (PRC), etc.

2. Computer retrieval tools

(1), online search

The main online retrieval systems abroad are: DIALOG system, ORBIT system, ESA-IRS system, etc.

The main online retrieval systems in China are: National Science and Technology Library Information Retrieval System, China Academy of Sciences Document Information Center Information Retrieval System, China Academy of Sciences National Digital Library Information Retrieval System, etc.

(2) CD retrieval

CD retrieval refers to the retrieval of CD database by computer equipment. Many retrieval systems or databases at home and abroad have published CD-ROM databases for sale and retrieval.

(3) Network information retrieval

Network information retrieval mainly includes WWW retrieval and network database retrieval.

WWW retrieval, you can directly browse the relevant sites and web pages on the network, and sometimes you need special tools for retrieval. Commonly used search engines include Baidu, Yahoo, Google and other famous search engines at home and abroad. Search engines have different compilation principles, so you should browse their help files before using them to obtain specific usage methods and skills.

Network database, network large-scale information resource storage and retrieval system. In China, there are mainly: full-text databases of China journals, online publishing databases of China academic journals, full-text databases of doctoral dissertations in China, full-text databases of outstanding master's dissertations in China, full-text databases of important newspapers and periodicals in China and online publishing databases of China Yearbook.

The retrieval of network database generally includes traditional retrieval, advanced retrieval and classified retrieval.

Compared with primary retrieval, traditional retrieval can only input one keyword at a time, and then select the corresponding retrieval method, which generally includes: article name, author, keyword, institution, Chinese abstract, full text, Chinese publication name, ISSN, etc. At the same time, you can choose to set the retrieval time, sorting, scope, relevance and other contents in the auxiliary retrieval items to limit the retrieval conditions.

The difference between advanced retrieval and traditional retrieval is that you can use more than two search words at a time, and you can set the logical relationship between several search words at the same time. Other settings are similar to traditional retrieval. There are three main logical relationships: logical AND, which is generally represented by AND, means that there are two search terms at the same time; Logical OR, generally represented by OR, means as long as it contains any search term; Logical negation, generally expressed by NOT, means that there is a search term before the symbol and no search term after the symbol.

Classified retrieval refers to the classification of all materials by subject according to the database. At present, the classification of most databases is consistent with the classification system of libraries, and China Library Classification is adopted.

The main types of documents needed for graduation thesis data collection are: books, periodical papers, newspaper news, cases, materials, etc. Books can be borrowed in the school library, downloaded and read in the electronic library, and queried and read in the online book database; Periodical papers can be borrowed from the periodical reading room of the library, read professional abstracts, search and download online databases, search through search engines, browse in professional forums and so on. Newspaper news can be searched through newspaper indexes, newspaper websites and special newspaper databases. Cases can be obtained by browsing the company's homepage, field investigation, etc. The data are mainly obtained by consulting relevant yearbooks, statistical statements or field surveys.

In a word, only by choosing the right tools, in the right way, and in accordance with the methods and steps of literature retrieval, can we quickly obtain rich and accurate information and successfully complete the data collection of graduation thesis.