First, Confucius
Confucius (5565438 BC+0-479 BC) was born in Lu (now southeast of Qufu, Shandong) in the Spring and Autumn Period. A famous thinker and educator in ancient times, the founder of Confucianism. Confucius' theory is the mainstream of China's culture for more than two thousand years, which has a far-reaching influence on the history of world thought, culture and education. The core of his thought is "benevolence". According to legend, there are 3,000 disciples and 72 sages.
The Analects of Confucius, one of the "Four Books", is a collection of recorded essays that records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, and is one of the Confucian classics. The selected textbooks include two Analects of Confucius, Ji Feng and He Ren.
Second, Mozi
Mozi, whose name is Zhai (about 468-376 BC), is said to be a Song Dynasty man who lived in Shandong for a long time. Thinker, politician, educator and founder of Mohism in the early Warring States period. Advocating "universal love", "non-aggression", "Shang Xian" and "frugality", many disciples had a great influence in the ideological circle at that time, and they were also called "outstanding scholars" with Confucianism.
Mozi is an anthology of Mohist school. Although the form of recording words and deeds has been retained, it has begun to take shape. Selected textbooks include Public Failure and so on.
Third, Mencius
Mencius (about 372-289 BC) was born in Zou (now Zou County, Shandong Province) during the Warring States Period. A famous thinker, politician and educator, a master of Confucianism after Confucius, was later called "Yasheng". He developed Confucianism and put forward a systematic theory of "benevolent governance" and "good nature", which had a great influence on later Confucianism.
Mencius is one of the Four Books, which records Mencius' words and deeds. It is a distinctive collection of essays in the pre-Qin period. The article is magnificent, logical, eloquent and good at metaphor, which has a great influence on later prose such as Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan and Su Shi.
Many books have been selected into the textbook, such as Virtue without Help, Born in Worry and Died in Happiness, Fish for My Desire, Bao Zhuang meets Mencius, Mencius meets King Liang Xiang, Qi people have wives and concubines, and Qiu Yi.