Scientific and technological reports, dissertations, academic papers and other similar documents are the main sources of scientific and technological information and historical documents that record scientific and technological progress. In order to unify the compilation, editing, printing, publishing and distribution of these documents, and facilitate the processing, storage, retrieval, utilization, communication and dissemination, the paper format and references in People's Republic of China (PRC) national standard GB 77 13-87 are put forward.

Paper format

1. paper format-title: the title should reflect the specific content of this paper concisely, concretely and accurately, generally not exceeding 20 words. If the meaning of the topic is not exhaustive, a subtitle should be used to supplement the explanation.

2. Paper format-Author: The signed author is limited to those who have selected research topics and made research plans, directly participated in all or major research work, made major contributions, understood all the contents of the paper report and can be responsible for answering all the contents. Other people involved in this work can be included in comments or thanks.

3. Paper format-Abstract: Abstract should be independent and self-contained, with data conclusions, and it is a complete paper. Generally 200-300 words. Unknown and commonly used figures, tables, chemical structures, symbols and terms are not used in the abstract.

4. Paper format-text: charts, tables, notes, references, formulas, etc. All papers are coded with Arabic numerals, and their labeling forms should be easy to distinguish from each other, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2- 1. Table 2, Table 3-2; Note:1); Literature [4]; Formula (5), formula (3-5), etc. The specific requirements are as follows:

4. 1 paper format-figure: the vertical and horizontal axes of the figure must be marked with the quantities, symbols and units specified in the standard (dimensionless can be omitted), and the abbreviations or symbols used in the coordinates must be consistent with the text.

4.2 Paper format-table: the table should have the title of the table, and the serial number of comments in the table should be marked in the upper right corner, such as "XXX 1" (Note to readers: the actual typesetting expression in the front quotation marks should be "1" in the upper right corner of "XXX"), and the serial number of comments does not need to be "*", so the data in the table,

4.3 Test paper format-mathematical, physical and chemical formulas: all decimal notation are ".",and integers greater than 999 and decimals with more than three digits are separated by a small interval of half an Arabic numeral symbol instead of ",",and numbers less than 1 should be listed before the decimal point. For example, 94652 should be written as 94652; .319,325 should be written as 0.3 14 325.

Special attention should be paid to distinguishing Latin, Greek, Russian, Roman numerals and Arabic numerals; Mark the words in regular characters, italics, boldface and upper and lower corners to avoid confusion.

4.4 Paper format-unit of measurement: All quantities, units and symbols used in paper must follow the national standards GB3 100-82, GB3 10 1-82, GB 31021-. Non-physical units without corresponding symbols can use Chinese (such as "piece", "station" and "person". ), and they can be combined with symbols of other units (such as "piece/second" as the symbol of "piece/second").

Benchmark format

4.5 Format of references: References in papers should be written in the following order-author/title/publication. Because there are many references in this paper, the main examples are as follows:

Tan, 1982. How to write a scientific paper? Liaoning People's Publishing House, 59.

Guinier A, translated by Shih-Yuan Sze, 1959. X ray crystallography. Science Press, 148.

Paterson s, 194 1. Introduction to econometrics. New york, McGraw Hill, 200-2 10

That is, the initials of the author's surname and first name (China people's first names are not abbreviated), the year, period, title, issue number, place of publication, publishing house and specific page number.

Li Xun, 1964. Development of metallurgical science and technology in China in the past ten years. Journal of Metallurgy, 7: 442.

Bachmann w, 1973. Interpretation and interpretation of Rayleigh-Scheler theory. Acustica，28 (4):223-228

That is, the initials of the author's surname and first name (China people write their full names), publication year, period, paper title, period, abbreviation of periodical name, volume (period): page (journals with consecutive page numbers are not written in each volume).

For the annotation of references with multiple authors, if there are less than three authors, all of them will be recorded; If there are more than four, only the third author will be recorded and "et al" will be added, but "&"will not be added between the last two authors. "He" and other similar conjunctions. (Excerpted from Environmental Chemistry, original text: Writing Format of Scientific Reports, Dissertations and Academic Papers)