Annotation is a necessary supplement, explanation and explanation to the title, author and specific content of the manuscript.

Comments on the title of the article, including the background, topics, fund projects, etc. If it is a series of papers, it should explain the title, published newspapers and periodicals, and time (number of issues) of the previous papers for readers' reference.

Notes to the author, namely "author profile", including name, gender, work unit or address, professional title, degree, postal code, etc. The title and author's notes are usually placed at the bottom of the first page of the paper.

Notes about the specific content of an article are usually placed at the end of the article. If it is a single sentence quoted in general, it can also be placed in brackets after the quoted sentence. The notes at the end of the text are coded in sequence, that is, according to the order in which the notes appear in the text, they are coded with circled Arabic numerals and placed in the upper right corner of the mark; Note items are listed in order before "references" at the end of the article.