Mechatronics is a composite technology, the product of the mutual penetration of mechanical technology, microelectronics technology and information technology, and the inevitable trend of the development of electromechanical industry. This paper briefly describes the basic structure and main application fields of mechatronics technology, and points out its development trend.

Keywords: machinery industry; Mechatronics; Numerical control; modularize

The development of modern science and technology has greatly promoted the intersection and infiltration of different disciplines, and caused technological changes and revolutions in the engineering field.

In the field of mechanical engineering, due to the rapid development of microelectronics and computer technology and its penetration into the mechanical industry, the technical structure, product organization, function and composition, production mode and management system of the mechanical industry have undergone tremendous changes, and industrial production has entered the electromechanical field from "mechanical electrification"

Integration "as the characteristic development stage.

First, the core technology of mechatronics

Mechatronics includes software and hardware technologies. The hardware consists of mechanical body, sensor and information room.

A mechanical unit and a driving unit. Therefore, in order to accelerate the development of mechatronics, we must take the following measures.

Start from several aspects.

(A) mechanical ontology technology

Mechanical body must be considered from several aspects, such as improving performance, reducing mass and improving accuracy. Modern mechanical products are generally made of steel. In order to reduce the weight, besides improving the structure, nonmetallic composite materials should also be considered. Only when the weight of the mechanical body is reduced, it is possible to realize the miniaturization of the drive system, thereby improving the rapid response characteristics, reducing energy consumption and improving the control efficiency.

(2) Sensing technology

The problems of sensors focus on improving reliability and flexibility.

Sensitivity and accuracy, improve reliability and anti-interference.

Have a direct relationship. In order to avoid electrical interference, at present,

There is a tendency to use optical fiber cable sensors. External letter

For information sensors, non-contact detection is mainly developed at present.

Measurement technology.

(3) Information processing technology

Remarkable progress in electromechanical integration and microelectronics,

General information processing equipment (especially microcomputer)

And is closely linked with the application. In order to further develop mechatronics

, we must improve the reliability of information processing equipment and packages.

Including the reliability of analog-to-digital conversion equipment and time-sharing processing.

The reliability of input and output, and then improve the processing speed.

Degree, and solve the problems of anti-interference and standardization.

(4) Driving skills

Motor as a driving mechanism has been widely used, but

There are still some problems in quick response and efficiency.

Title. At present, it is actively developing internal encoders.

Special components for motor and control-sensors-electrical.

Servo drive unit of trinity machine tool.

(5) Interface technology

In order to communicate with the computer, you must make data.

The transmission format is standardized and normalized. Interfaces use the same

Standard specification is not only beneficial to information transmission and maintenance,

But also can simplify the design. At present, technicians are working hard.

Focus on developing low-cost, high-speed serial interface to solve the problem.

The non-contact signal cable, optical fiber and optical coupler are determined.

Large capacity, miniaturization, standardization and other issues.

(vi) Software technology

Software and hardware must develop in harmony. for

In order to reduce the cost of software development and improve production and maintenance.

Efficiency, we should gradually realize software standardization, including procedures.

Standardization, Modularization, Solidification and Popularization of Software Programs

Line software engineering, etc.

Second, the main application fields of mechatronics technology

(1) CNC machine tool

Post-40s CNC Machine Tool and Corresponding CNC Technology

The development in 2000 focused on structure, function, operation and control accuracy.

Both have been improved rapidly, as shown in:

1, bus, modular compact structure, i.e.

The architecture of multi-C PU and multi-bus is adopted.

2. Open design, that is, hardware architecture and work.

The functional modules are hierarchical and compatible, and meet the interface standards.

Accurate, which can maximize the efficiency of users.

3.W O P technology and intelligence. The system can provide

Workshop-oriented programming technology and its implementation II. Three-dimensional machining

Dynamic simulation of the process, and the introduction of online diagnosis, fuzzy

Intelligent mechanisms such as control.

4. Application of mass storage and software modules.

Modular design not only enriches CNC functions, but also

The control function of the numerical control system has been strengthened.

5, can realize multi-process multi-channel control, namely with

One machine tool can complete several independent processing tasks at the same time.

Or the ability to control multiple machine tools and cutting tools.

Damage detection, material handling and manipulator control are all integrated.

Enter the system.

6. The multi-level network function of the system enhances the system.

Ability to combine and form complex machining systems.

7, single board, single chip microcomputer as the control machine, plus special.

A compact numerical control device consists of a chip and a template.

(2) Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS)

The implementation of C IM S is not the existing distributed system.

But global dynamic optimal synthesis. it

Break the original departmental boundaries and take manufacturing as the backbone.

It is necessary to control "logistics" and "information flow" and realize it from management.

Decision-making, product development, production preparation and production experiment.

Organic combination of production, operation and management. Improvement of enterprise integration

High can make the allocation between various production factors.

Better optimization can obtain the potential of various production factors.

For greater play.

(3) Flexible manufacturing system

Flexible manufacturing system is a computerized manufacturing system.

The system is mainly composed of computers, CNC machine tools, robots and materials.

Disks, dump trucks and automated warehouses.

It can be assembled randomly, in real time and in large quantities.

The requirements of the department, the production of any work.

Parts, especially suitable for many varieties, small and medium batches and design changes.

Frequent mass production of discrete parts.

(4) Industrial robots

1 generation robot is also called teaching reproduction robot.

They can only repeat the action according to the instruction, which is harmful to the work.

Changes in environment and working objects lack adaptability and flexibility.

Sex; The second generation robot has all kinds of advanced sensors.

Pieces, you can get the simple letters of the working environment and operating objects.

Information, after computer processing and analysis, make a certain judgment.

Interrupt and feedback control actions, showing mental retardation.

Yes, it has already started to be practical; The third generation robot is wisdom.

Able to robot, with a variety of sensory functions, can be complex.

Logical thinking, judgment and decision-making, independent of the working environment.

Action is closely related to the 5th generation computer.

Third, the development prospect of mechatronics technology

Looking at the development status of mechatronics at home and abroad

And the development trend of high technology, mechatronics will move towards

It is developing in the following direction.

(A) Intelligent

Intelligence is the integration of mechatronics and traditional machinery.

One of the main differences of motorization is 2 1 century electromechanical.

The development direction of integration. In recent years, processor speed

The progress of computer and the high performance of sensor system.

Integration and intelligence create an embedded intelligent control algorithm.

It has created conditions and effectively promoted electromechanical integration products.

Develop in the direction of intelligence. Intelligent electromechanical products

Can simulate human intelligence, has certain judgment and reasoning, logical thinking and independent decision-making ability, so as to adopt

Part of people's mental work in manufacturing engineering.

(2) systematization

One of the characteristics of systematization is system body.

The system structure further adopts an open and modular collectivity.

Line structure. The system can be flexibly configured, and any

Cutting and combining, while seeking to achieve multi-subsystem coordination.

Control and integrated management. The second characteristic is communication.

It can be greatly enhanced, except for commonly used communication such as R S232.

In addition, it is necessary to realize remote and multi-system communication networking.

The local network is gradually being adopted. Mechatronics in the future

Stereotypes pay more attention to the relationship between products and people. How to give it?

Electromechanical integration products are based on human wisdom, emotion and humanity.

It is becoming more and more important. Electromechanical integration products can also take root.

According to the excellent structure of some organisms, a new type has been developed.

Organisms make it develop in the direction of biological systematization.

(3) miniaturization

MEMS is a highly integrated microprocessor.

Mechanical technology, microelectronics technology and software technology are all machines.

The new development direction of electrical integration. Weighing trace abroad

The geometric dimensions of electromechanical systems generally do not exceed

1cm 3, and it is developing in the direction of micron and nanometer. because

MEMS has the advantages of small volume, low energy consumption,

Flexible action and other characteristics, can enter the general machinery can not enter.

Going into space is easy to operate finely, so in biology,

Medicine, aerospace, information technology, industry and agriculture and even China.

National defense and other fields have broad application prospects. At present, Li

Etching technology is used in the manufacturing process of semiconductor devices, and the etching technology is used for

Submicron mechanical parts have been manufactured in the laboratory.

modularize

Modularization is also one of the mechatronics products.

The development trend is an important and arduous project. pass by

There are many kinds of mechatronics products and manufacturers.

Standard mechanical interface and electrical connection for R&D.

Electromechanical integration of port, power interface and information interface

Product unit is a complex and important thing, which needs to be decided.

Set a series of standards to facilitate the matching of parts and units.

And interfaces. Electromechanical integration products can be used by enterprises.

Standard units develop new products quickly, but may not.

Break the expansion of production scale.

(5) networking

The rapid development of network technology has had a great impact on mechatronics.

Great influence, making it develop in the direction of networking.

There are many kinds of mechatronics products, which face the network.

In different ways. Due to the popularity of the network, based on the network

Various remote control and monitoring technologies are in the ascendant.

The remote control terminal equipment itself is mechatronics.

Chemical products.

(6) Greening

The development of industry makes people rich in materials and comfortable in life.

At the same time, it also reduces resources and restricts the ecological environment.

Heavy pollution, so green products appeared. Green skin apple

Is the trend of the times, its goal is to design and manufacture products,

There is no harm or extreme harm to the ecological environment during the whole life cycle from manufacturing, packaging, transportation, use to scrapping.

Small, high resource utilization. Mechatronics products

Greening mainly refers to not polluting the ecological environment when used.

It can be recycled when scrapped. Green manufacturing is a modern system.

Sustainable development model of manufacturing industry.

To sum up, mechatronics is a lot of science and technology.

The crystallization of technological development is the development of social productive forces to a certain extent.

The inevitable requirement of the stage. It triggered a war in the machinery industry.

Slight changes have made traditional mechanical design methods and equipment

The concept of planning has undergone a revolutionary change. Vigorously develop new ones

The first generation of mechatronics products is not only to transform traditional machines.

Mechanical equipment requirements, but also to promote the upgrading of mechanical products.

Substitute and open up new fields, develop and revitalize the machinery industry

The only way.

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