Beijing is a famous ancient capital of China, which has been built here since the Jin Dynasty. It has a capital history of more than 800 years in Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. For more than 800 years, Beijing has not only its own urban features and social culture, but also formed a unique urban architecture and urban landscape. In view of this, Chinese scholars have carried out various studies and discussed the development context, urban structure, urban culture and urban geographical characteristics of Beijing. Among these research results, the study of Beijing's historical geography occupies a prominent position. These studies reveal the characteristics of spatial changes in Beijing's development from different angles, which is of great significance to understanding Beijing's history and development process. Although Beijing's development can be traced back to Liao Dynasty, it experienced Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, but as the last stage of feudal dynasty, Ming and Qing Dynasties had different meanings. The Ming and Qing Dynasties not only determined the spatial pattern of Beijing, but also laid the foundation for the development and evolution of the capital and the formation of social outlook in the late feudal society of China. Based on the Ming and Qing Dynasties, this paper introduces the research results of Beijing urban historical geography.

The research of China academic circles on Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasties can be divided into three stages: the first stage, in the 1970s, with Mr. Hou Renzhi as the representative, mainly focused on the study of Beijing's urban pattern in Ming and Qing Dynasties; In the second stage, in 1980s, represented by Peking University Historical Geography Research Center, it began to turn to the study of Beijing's urban population and commercial layout in Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 1990s, academic circles paid more and more attention to the study of Beijing city, in which the distribution pattern of residents, the location of aristocratic houses and the distribution of religious buildings such as temples became important research contents, and on this basis, they paid all-round attention to Beijing urban society in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Of course, from the time point of view, China academic research on Beijing in Ming and Qing Dynasties can be divided into three stages, but there are many studies involving other contents in each stage. Therefore, this paper still introduces related achievements in the form of classified reports.