First of all, inconsistency
The so-called inconsistency not only refers to the inconsistency between subject and predicate, but also includes the inconsistency between numbers, tenses and pronouns.
For example, when a person has money, he can do what he wants.
Analysis: First, the third person is singular, so have in this sentence should be changed to have; Want should be changed to want. This sentence is a typical inconsistency between subject and predicate.
When a person has money, he can do what he wants.
Second, the modifiers are misplaced.
English is different from Chinese. The meaning of a sentence may change when the same modifier is placed in different positions in the sentence. Candidates often don't pay enough attention to this point, which leads to unnecessary misunderstanding.
For example:
I believe I can do well, and I will better understand the world outside the campus.
Analysis: better is not in the position, it should be placed at the end of the sentence.
Third, the sentence is incomplete
In spoken English, both sides can use gestures, mood, context and so on. Incomplete sentences can be fully understood. However, the written language is different. Incomplete sentence structure will make the meaning unclear, which often happens when the author wants to add some supplementary explanations after writing the main sentence.
For example, there are many ways to understand society. For example, through television, radio, journalists and so on.
Analysis: The second half of this sentence "for example, through television, radio, newspapers, etc." is not a complete sentence, but just some incoherent words, which cannot be independently made into sentences.
There are many ways to learn about society, for example, through television, radio and newspapers.
Fourth, hang the modifier.
The so-called dangling modifier refers to the confusion of the logical relationship between the phrase at the beginning of a sentence and the following sentence.
For example, when I was ten years old, my grandfather died. In this sentence, "ten years old" is only written as ten years old, but there is no explanation? Who is it? Ten years old, according to general reasoning, it can't be my grandfather. If we make this dangling modifier clearer, readers or examiners will not misunderstand when reading sentences.
When I was ten years old, my grandfather passed away.
Good grades are essential to do well in college.
Analysis: infinitive phrases in sentences? Do well in college? The logical subject of is unclear.
In order to get good grades in college, students need good grades.
V misuse of parts of speech
? Misuse of part of speech? Often manifested as: prepositions are used as verbs; Adjectives are used as adverbs; Nouns used as verbs, etc. This is the most error-prone place for candidates at present.
No one can deny the importance of money.
Analysis: negation is an adjective and is mistaken for a verb.
No one can deny the importance of money.
Sixth, the reference is unclear.
Unclear reference mainly means that the relationship between pronouns and the person or thing they refer to is unclear, or the pronouns used successively are inconsistent.
For example, Mary is friendly to my sister because she wants her to be her bride.
After reading the above sentence, the reader can't clearly judge who is married and who is the maid of honor. If the object of the pronoun that is easy to cause misunderstanding is made clear, the meaning will be clear at a glance. This sentence can be changed to:
Mary is very friendly to my sister because she wants my sister to be her maid of honor.
For example, we can also know the society by serving it ourselves.
Analysis: the personal pronoun we and the reflexive pronoun yourself in the sentence are inconsistent.
We can also learn about society by serving it sources.
Seven, uninterrupted sentences
The appearance of this mistake is greatly influenced by the consciousness of China people. When many candidates write sentences, there is a lack of effective connecting elements between sentences. Even some sentences are written in Chinese style.
For example, we have many ways to learn about the outside world.
This sentence contains two complete meanings:? There are many ways? And then what? We began to understand the outside world? . Simply connecting them together is not appropriate.
Replace with:
We have many ways to learn about the outside world. Or:
There are many ways to let us know about the outside world.
VIII. Wording
Students don't form the good habit of careful consideration in writing, and consider choosing words in sentences. Most candidates can use whatever they want, so mistakes in using inappropriate words in their compositions can be seen everywhere.
For example, the increasing use of chemical barriers in agriculture is also a poll.
Analysis: Obviously, candidates put obstacles? Obstacles? Obstacles mistaken for essence? Does it matter? Yes Besides? More and more use? It should be changed to? Abuse? .
The use of chemicals in agriculture will also lead to public opinion polls.
Nine, cumbersome
Write a sentence without extra words; Write a sentence that is not unnecessary. Words can be used without phrases; You can use phrases without clauses or sentences.
For example, although he is lazy, I like him.
This sentence? The fact that he is lazy? Is the same predicate clause, we follow the above? Can you use phrases without clauses? I like him even though he is lazy.
For example, for those hardworking and kind people, money is what they need.
The whole sentence can be greatly reduced to:
Hard-working people only use money to buy what they need.
Incoherence
Incoherence means that the preface of a sentence is incorrect or the structure is not fluent, which is also a common problem of candidates.
For example, fresh water is the most important thing on the earth.
Analysis: fresh water is inconsistent with it after comma, and it is inconsistent with things in several aspects.