Argumentative writing is a style of analyzing things, discussing things, expressing opinions and putting forward opinions. By presenting facts, reasoning, distinguishing right from wrong, etc. We can determine the right or wrong of our views and establish or deny some claims. A good argumentative essay should have clear viewpoints, sufficient arguments, concise language, reasonable argumentation and strict logic.
I. Arguments, arguments and arguments of argumentative essays
1. quarrel
An argument is a sentence that expounds the author's point of view. An argumentative essay should have only one central argument and can have multiple sub-arguments. The argument requires correctness, uniqueness and novelty. You can't take an incorrect or even absurd point of view as an argument. Ambiguous and ambiguous views cannot be used as arguments. Try to be as profound as possible. Go beyond others' opinions and avoid platitudes.
The position of the argument is flexible, generally reflected in the title or stated at the beginning. For example, the title of Mao Zedong's "Opposing stereotyped Party writing" shows the author's argument, and then the article mainly discusses why we should oppose stereotyped Party writing; Wu Han's "Talk about backbone", the argument is the first sentence at the beginning: "We China people have backbone". Then the article discusses that people from all walks of life in China have been talking about backbone since ancient times.
Step 2 argue
Arguments are materials that support arguments. It is the reason and basis used by the author to prove the argument, which is divided into factual arguments and theoretical arguments. Facts: Facts play an obvious role in argumentative writing. Analyze the facts, see the truth clearly, and check whether it is consistent with the logic of the article. Theoretical argument: The theory as an argument is always familiar to readers or generally recognized by the society. They are the result of abstracting and summarizing a large number of facts. Theoretical arguments include famous aphorisms, proverbs and aphorisms, and the author's reasoning analysis.
demonstrate
Argumentation is the process of proving an argument with arguments. The purpose of argument is to reveal the internal logical relationship between arguments. Commonly used demonstration methods are:
Explanation: Give conclusive, sufficient and representative examples to prove the argument.
Contrastive argument: compare the positive and negative arguments or arguments, and prove the argument in comparison. Metaphorical argument: to prove an argument with metaphors of familiar things.
Argument: Prove the argument with the incisive opinions in classic works, famous sayings and aphorisms of famous people at home and abroad, and accepted theorem formulas.
Citation (citation method): Quote famous sayings, aphorisms and authoritative data to prove opinions.
Second, the writing skills of argumentative essays
1. Draft a title.
A good title can convey the main idea and content of the article, add color to the article and make it attractive to read. The title of an argumentative paper should be eye-catching, comfortable, accurate, vivid and concise. From the examination point of view, a good title can leave a good first impression on examiners, and it is best if the title can enhance examiners' interest in reading or make them feel refreshed. Such as "feeling of reading", "discussing" and "talking about leaving" are all inappropriate titles in the examination room. In addition, it should be noted that comprehensive quality writing has a given material, and the topic must be based on accuracy, that is, accurately understanding the content of the given material.
Write a good beginning
People often describe a good article as "a phoenix head, a pig belly and a leopard tail", which means that the beginning should be beautiful, the middle should be substantial and the end should be powerful. Among them, the "phoenix head" is even more important. From the point of view of exam-taking, we should carefully design highlights and wonderful pens, and show them at the beginning of the article to create a strong visual impact, so that the examiner can be attracted and moved instantly. Avoid nagging. The slow start of the problem. The article should be wonderful at the beginning, and you can introduce arguments with metaphors, analogies, parallelism and other rhetoric, and you can also quote famous aphorisms. Tell fables and introduce topics. The following methods can be used at the beginning of an argumentative paper:
(1) Quoting a famous saying, the argument is as follows.
(2) The story foreshadows and leads to the viewpoint.
(3) Ask and answer questions and express opinions.
(4) Contrast parallelism and incisive induction.
3. Write the first and last sentences of the middle paragraph.
Whether the argumentative essay is rigorous in structure, clear in organization, rigorous in argument and typical in argument depends on the writing of the middle paragraph. Structure, organization, arguments and arguments are important rules for argumentative writing, and argumentative writing should conform to these standards as far as possible.
Common discussion modes: the first sentence is a small argument or a transitional sentence connecting the preceding with the following; Mainly focus on small arguments, use appropriate facts and theoretical arguments, or analyze and reason some phenomena in real life; Finally, write a sentence or two summarizing the discussion. The writing of the first sentence and the last sentence is the most important, which can directly outline the context of the article and show the discussion ideas of the full text. In addition, the overall argumentation structure of the article often uses positive and negative contrast. As long as many reasons are said from both sides, they can basically be strictly discussed. Skillfully using this composition mode in the examination room can quickly start writing, reduce mistakes and save time.
The above introduces the writing ability of the important test sites of the teacher qualification examination, hoping to help everyone.