Type of retrieval language:
According to the nature and principle of logo, it can be divided into three categories: ① classification language, ② theme language and ③ code language.
(1) Classified language refers to a retrieval language which takes numbers, letters or the combination of letters and numbers as basic characters, adopts the writing method of directly connecting characters and taking dots (or other symbols) as separators, takes basic categories as basic vocabulary, and expresses complex concepts with the subordination of categories.
Well-known classifications include International Decimal Classification, Library of Congress Book Classification, International Patent Classification Table, Chinese Library Book Classification and so on.
② Thematic language refers to a retrieval language with natural language characters, noun terms as basic vocabulary and a group of noun terms as retrieval marks. The information processing method of describing and expressing information content in topic language is called topic method. Topic language can be divided into headline words, meta words, narrative words and keywords.
(3) Code language refers to the characteristics of a certain aspect of things, and uses a certain code system to express and arrange the concepts of things, thus providing a retrieval language for retrieval. For example, according to the code language of compound molecular formula, a molecular formula index system can be constructed, which allows users to search the corresponding compounds and their related literature information from the molecular formula.
Secondly, according to the characteristics of the expression documents, it can be divided into: ① the retrieval language that expresses the external characteristics of the documents; ② The retrieval language that expresses the characteristics of literature content.
① Main index questions (titles), author's name, publishing unit, report number, patent number, etc. of the retrieval language expressing the external characteristics of documents. Different documents are arranged according to the word order of article title and author's name, or according to the numerical order of report number and patent number, and the retrieval language that meets the needs of users is formed through the retrieval method of article title, author and number.
② The retrieval language that expresses the content characteristics of documents mainly refers to the topics, viewpoints, viewpoints and conclusions discussed.
China Library Classification is the abbreviation of China Library Classification, and it is a common tool for book classification in China at present. If readers master the relevant knowledge of this classification, they can quickly and effectively search the collections of libraries all over the country.
Basic structure of classification
(1) Basic categories: For example, China Library Classification is divided into five categories: Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping; Philosophy; Social science; Natural science; Comprehensive books.
(2) Basic category: the first category that constitutes the classification table. There are 22 basic categories in China Library Classification.
(3) Summary table: a list of categories formed by basic categories and the first and second categories directly developed by them. For example:
(4) Detailed List: A list of categories consisting of various registered categories is the real basis for literature classification.
According to the characteristics of books and materials, the classification system is determined according to the principle of compiling from total to sub-division and from general to specific, and 22 categories are formed on the basis of 5 basic categories. The symbol of China Library Classification adopts a mixed number of Chinese phonetic alphabet and Arabic numerals. That is, a letter represents a big category, and the order of big categories is embodied in alphabetical order. The letters are followed by numbers, indicating the division of the following categories. Numbers are numbered in decimal. The five basic categories and the 22 categories under them are as follows:
I Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory.
A 1 works of Marx and Engels
A2 Lenin's works
A3 Stalin's Works
A4 Mao Zedong's Works
A49 Deng Xiaoping's Works
A collection of works by Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin, Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping.
The life and biographies of Marx, Engels, Lenin, Stalin, Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping.
A8 Studying and researching Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory.
Philosophy, religion
B0 philosophy theory
B 1 world philosophy
B2 China's philosophy
B3 Asian philosophy
B4 African philosophy
B5 European philosophy
B6 Oceania philosophy
B7 American philosophy
B80 thinking philosophy
B8 1 logic (logic)
B82 Ethics (Moral Philosophy)
B83 aesthetics
B84 psychology
B9 Religion
Introduction to social science
C0 Social Science Theory and Methodology
C 1 current situation and development of social sciences
C2 Social Science Institutions, Groups and Conferences
C3 Social Science Research Methods
C4 Social Science Education and Popularization
C5 social science series, anthology and series of publications
C6 social science reference books
[C7] Social Science Literature Retrieval Reference Books
C8 statistics
C9 1 sociology
C92 demography
C93 management science
[C94] System Science
C95 ethnology
C96 talent science
C97 labor science
Politics, law
D0 political theory
D 1 International Production Movement
Producer of China * * *
D33/37 * * Producers in various countries
D4 Workers, peasants, youth and women's movements and organizations
D5 World Politics
D6 Politics in China
D73/77 national politics
D8 Diplomacy and International Relations
D9 law
E military
E0 military theory
E 1 world military
E2 China Military
E3/7 Military affairs of various countries
E8 strategy, military service, Science of Tactics.
E9 military technology
E99 Military Topography and Military Geography
F economy
F0 economics
F 1 Economic survey, economic history and economic geography of all countries in the world
F2 Economic planning and management
F3 agricultural economy
F4 industrial economy
F49 Information Industry Economy (General)
F5 transportation economy
F59 Post and Telecommunications Economy
F7 trade economy
F8 Finance and Finance
G. Culture, science, education and sports
G0 cultural theory
G 1 culture and cultural undertakings of all countries in the world
G2 Information and knowledge dissemination
G3 Science and scientific research
G4 education
G8 sports
H. Language and writing
H0 linguistics
H 1 Chinese
H2 China Minority Languages
H3 Common foreign languages
H4 Sino-Tibetan language family
H5 Altaic language family (Turkic-Mongolian-Tungusic language family)
H6 1 South Asian language family (North Asian language family)
H62 South Indian family (Dravidian family)
H63 Austronesian family (Malaya-Polynesian)
H64 Northeast Asian Language
H65 Caucasian family (Ibero-Caucasian family)
H66 Uralic (Finnish-Ugric)
H67 Semite-Asian Language Family (Afro-Asian Language Family)
H7 Indo-European family
H8 1 African languages
H83 American language
H84 Oceania language
H9 international auxiliary words
I. Literature
I0 literary theory
I 1 world literature
I2 China literature
I3/7 National Literature
J art
J0 Art Theory
J 1 overview of world art
J2 painting
J29 Calligraphy and Seal Cutting
JBOY3 sculpture
J4 photography art
J5 arts and crafts
J59 Architectural Art
J6 music
J7 dance
J8 Drama Art
J9 movie and television art
History, geography
K0 historical theory
K 1 world history
K2 History of China
K3 Asian history
K4 African history
K5 European history
K6 History of Oceania
K7 American history
K8 1 Biography
K85 Cultural Relics Archaeology
K89 customs and habits
K9 geography
Introduction to natural science
Theory and method of natural science
Present situation and development of natural science
N2 Natural Science Institutions, Groups and Conferences
N3 natural science research methods
N4 Natural Science Education and Popularization
N5 natural science series, anthologies and serial publications
N6 natural science reference books
[N7] Natural Science Literature Retrieval Tool
N8 Natural Science Investigation and Investigation
N9 1 Natural Studies and Natural History
N93 nonlinear science
N94 system science
[N99] Information Science and Information Work
Mathematical science and chemistry
O 1 mathematics
O3 mechanics
O4 physics
O6 chemistry
O7 crystallography
P astronomy, earth science
P 1 astronomy
P2 drawing
P3 Geophysics
P4 Atmospheric Science (Meteorology)
P5 geology
P7 Oceanography
P9 Physical Geography
Q bioscience
Q 1 general biology
Q2 cell biology
Q3 genetics
Q4 physiology
Q5 biochemistry
Q6 biophysics
Q7 molecular biology
Q8 1 bioengineering (biotechnology)
[Q89] Environmental Biology
Q9 1 paleontology
Q93 Microbiology
botany
Q95 Zoology
Q96 entomology
Q98 Anthropology
Medicine and health
R 1 preventive medicine and hygiene
R2 China Medicine
R3 basic medicine
R4 clinical medicine
R5 internal medicine
R6 surgery
R7 1 obstetrics and gynecology
R72 Pediatrics
R73 Oncology
R74 neurology and psychiatry
R75 Dermatology and Venereology
R76 Otolaryngology
R77 ophthalmology
R78 stomatology
R79 Foreign Ethnic Medicine
R8 Special Medicine
R9 pharmacy
American agricultural science
S 1 basic agricultural science
S2 agricultural engineering
S3 Agronomy (Agronomy)
S4 Plant protection
S5 crop
S6 gardening
S7 forestry
S8 Animal husbandry, animal medicine, hunting, silkworm, bee
S9 Aquatic products and fisheries
technology
TB general industrial technology
TD mining engineering
TE oil and gas industry
TF metallurgical industry
Metallurgy and metal technology
Machinery and instrument industry
TJ weapon industry
TK energy and power engineering
TL atomic energy technology
TM electrical technology
Radio electronics and telecommunications technology
TP automation technology, computer technology
TQ chemical industry
Light industry and handicraft industry
Slaughterhouse science
Television water conservancy project
U transportation
U 1 integrated transportation
U2 railway transportation
U4 road transportation
U6 waterway transportation
[U8] Air transport
V. Aviation and aerospace
V 1 Aerospace Technology Research and Exploration
V2 aviation
V4 Aerospace (Space Travel)
V7 Aviation and Aerospace Medicine
X. Environmental Science and Safety Science
X 1 basic theory of environmental science
X2 Society and Environment
X3 environmental protection management
X4 disaster and its prevention
X5 Environmental Pollution and Its Prevention
X7 Waste Treatment and Comprehensive Utilization
X8 Environmental Quality Assessment and Environmental Monitoring
X9 safety science
Z comprehensive books
Z 1 series
Z2 Encyclopedias and Books
Z3 dictionary
Z4 Prose, Complete Works, Selected Works and Essays
Z5 Yearbooks and Yearbooks
Z6 periodicals and serial publications
Z8 Book Contents, Abstracts and Indexes
I hope I can help you! !