[Preface]
With the increase of frequency acceleration, students' psychological problems increase. The data shows: "In the mid-1980s, in China, 23% to 25% of college students had psychological disorders, which rose to 25% in the 1990s and reached 30% in recent years, and the number is still increasing." . We should pay more attention to students' mental health. Ren Changshun University is in a critical period of maturity, which is a good habit and psychological influence for psychological college students. In recent years, the investigation of college students' mental health and the change of modern health consciousness have attracted more and more attention to college students' psychological problems. University is also a cycle with the biggest psychological change in one's life. They should not only deal with psychological problems brought by physiological changes, but also deal with changes in social environment and psychological conflicts, and often inevitably encounter various mental health problems in complex psychological contradictions. [2]. There are four articles in "Ways to Cultivate Students' Mental Health in Physical Education in Colleges and Universities" that explicitly mention that "the most important treatment for mental illness is behavioral therapy" [3], while Liu Weiping and Li Ping believe that physical education respects and has unique advantages here, "thinking activities, cultural research and subjective activities, because students' psychological thinking and external behavior should not be performances, but more rational preaching in the classroom, and the main students who implement mental health education. In contrast, physical education practice class, because of its group, competition, arduousness and entertainment, can be regarded as a microcosm. Social activities, social activity simulation games, people will feel immersed in a variety of sports extracurricular activities in practice, and will encounter almost the same mental pain, psychological conflict and social activities. Therefore, it is easier to cultivate students' mental health awareness and mental health behavior organically. In this process, mixed mental health education enables students to carry out physical activities in the classroom, so as to strengthen the theme and experience of participation, and to understand, internalize and attach to practice, so as to be directly tested by practice. [4] Due to the advantages of sports in this respect, more and more experts and scholars began to pay attention to the positive impact of sports on mental health education. This topic is mainly based on the usual classroom teaching to study the different effects of sports itself, which has a positive impact on students' mental health education, physical education and psychological and psychological evaluation of mental health. Different teaching methods are more operable and feasible for teachers to infiltrate and implement mental health education in the process of classroom physical education, thus promoting the formation of students' mental health and reducing the occurrence of psychological problems.
[theme]
The stage of receiving systematic school education in universities was the same period last year, but before entering the final stage, most students left their parents to live and study alone, including the troubles of daily life. In the process of communication, there are conflicts with students, difficulties and setbacks in study, and employment pressure in society after graduation from college. So how Gundam "suggests" to improve students' mental health in college physical education at this stage is a psychological change in people's life cycle [5] It is inevitable to encounter various mental health problems.
Exercise itself has a positive impact on mental health.
Mental illness is the most important treatment, especially behavioral therapy. Yu Yong's research on health education in sports center shows that sports itself has a great influence on promoting mental health.
1, physical exercise can improve cognitive ability.
Physical exercise, you need to engage in a sport, make a quick and accurate judgment and perception of external things during the exercise, and quickly coordinate your body to engage in a long-term activity to ensure the completion of the action, which can promote the development of people's perception, improve the reaction speed and perception ability to judge a person to become agile and flexible.
2, physical exercise can get a good mood experience.
Physical exercise can bring smooth emotional experience, which is an ideal internal emotional experience. In this state, the process of selfless sports and activities can be enjoyed by people who have direct interests. This is a science, and the communication of emotional state is perishable and cannot be generated. Research shows that people who are forced to exercise can reduce their emotional burden, and even occasionally reduce the psychological burden caused by psychological stress events.
Positive influence of physical exercise on strengthening "self-concept and self-esteem"
"Self-concept" refers to the sum of individual subjective views and feelings. Self-concept plays an important role in adapting to the formation of social personality and is relatively stable. Many studies show that physical exercise can make self-concept clear,
Significantly improve muscle strength, stable mood is positively related to cheerful personality, significantly improve strength and train individual self-concept.
4. Physical exercise can reconcile interpersonal communication.
With the development of society and the acceleration of the pace of life, many people feel that it is not suitable for social contact and interpersonal communication. Physical activity is a good form, which increases the contact between people, enables people to compete, unite, cooperate and communicate with each other, makes individuals forget troubles and fatigue, eliminates loneliness, and thus is in a good emotional state.
5. Physical activities can reduce their stress reaction and eliminate fatigue.
Stress refers to the response to pressure or stimulation from a single source. Exercise makes people's brain release the natural synthetic sedative 1 1 endorphin, which plays a role in blocking the chemical reaction related to stress in the brain-endorphin. Research shows that physical exercise can improve physiological functions such as maximum oxygen intake and maximum muscle strength, thus reducing fatigue.
6. Physical exercise can prevent and treat mental illness.
Anxiety and depression are the most common emotional distress. 1990, the research of Norther et al. shows that one-time activities and long-term physical exercise can reduce depression, and physical exercise can also reduce the state of depression. Physical exercise can reduce normal depression, as well as mental patients with depression, aerobic exercise (low intensity for a long time) and anaerobic exercise (high intensity for a short time). [6]
The purpose and plan of the teaching process can combine purposeful physical exercise with psychotherapy according to the teaching content and excavated mental health education materials, so as to reduce depression more effectively. College students have adapted to the heavy study life and mental state. With the improvement and mediation of political parties and pressures, they have established a positive ideological will, a healthy personality of self-reliance, self-improvement, self-esteem and self-love, and laid the foundation for social success. Secondly, in a certain social environment, sports activities, contacts and exchanges will always happen. People strive to control and restrain their inner conflicts, cultural coordination between people, the expansion of social exchanges, and behaviors that meet the basic moral standards of the public have played a positive role in life. "[7] At the same time, in the teaching process, through different sports activities, teaching methods and means, we can alleviate psychological contradictions, adjust various psychological problems, such as depression and anxiety, and maintain psychological balance.
Mental health education means in sports.
Different courses will have different functions in mental health education. "Students with courage, determination and determination have perseverance, pioneering spirit, determination, hard work and good psychological quality. [8]; Ball teaching promotes the spirit of collectivism, humility, victory and failure, and has been striving to develop a good psychological quality of caring for others and caring for the collective. " [9] "Taiji Biography" particularly emphasizes that the stage of "knowing gold" is the stage of "making friends". Through the practice of "bosom friend" kung fu, Tai Ji Chuan can greatly improve self-awareness, which is very beneficial to cultivate healthy personality and improve the self-concept and self-esteem of practitioners. "[ 10]; Swimming, skating, vault and parallel bars not only have style performance and challenging events, but also require students to constantly overcome cowardice, fear of falling and taking risks, and overcome difficulties and obstacles "[11]; Sports dance promotes interpersonal communication and friendship, meets people's spiritual needs, improves people's ability to respond, adapt and express themselves, and enhances people's self-confidence. [12] "Aerobics and rhythmic gymnastics classes are to exchange ideas, convey emotions, eliminate barriers and communicate with each other. Accompanied by beautiful music, self-enclosed consciousness is one of the best forms to complete liberation activities here, and the harmonious and elegant atmosphere also enhances people's awareness and desire for communication. " [13] Liu Weimin and Ping Li's "Implementation of Mental Health Education Program in Physical Education" said: "Physical education can make use of the personalized sports characteristics of different sports. For example, those students who are introverted, talkative, sociable and unsociable can participate in football, basketball, volleyball, torch relay, tug-of-war, and group activities, providing more opportunities to encourage them to speak, practice eccentric personality changes, and gradually adapt to the communication with their peers, forming a psychological set of a team; Indecisive students should take part in responsive activities such as table tennis, tennis, badminton, hurdles, fencing, etc., and strictly demand exercise to cultivate strong will, determination and indomitable character. Students who are timid and afraid of embarrassment should take part in adventure activities such as swimming, skating, skiing, boxing, wrestling and balance beam. Students who are prone to impatience and impulsiveness can be allowed to participate in endurance activities such as chess, playing Tai Ji Chuan, jogging, climbing mountains, swimming, cycling and shooting, so as to cultivate their self-control ability and change their characteristics of impatience and impulsiveness in radio exercises, jogging and simple activities. Students lack confidence in what they are doing, so let them take part in skipping and push-ups, so that they can easily see their progress and affirm their progress in time. Those students who are conceited and unconventional in love enable them to participate in hard projects such as diving, gymnastics, marathon and rhythmic gymnastics. Or those students above the level let them change their pride and not be nervous, let them take part in football, basketball, volleyball and fierce competitions, and let them exercise their psychological quality of calm thinking in fierce exercises and competitions. "[ 14]
Two studies specifically focus on the influence of various teaching methods on different students' mental health and physical education teaching mode. Xiong Yahong:
1), the interaction of small groups can improve students' self-control and independent learning methods, strengthen students' sense of responsibility, creativity, cooperation spirit and cultural competition consciousness, and promote good interpersonal relationships among students; 2) Training the methods and ideas of simulation training, enhancing confidence and improving psychological adaptation and adjustment ability;
3) When it is established, it can stimulate students' interests and emotions, positive emotions and consciousness, positive inner experience, and finally internalize it into cognitive structure, and cultivate good quality thinking;
4) The process heuristic teaching method fundamentally solves the problem of how to make students learn.
5) Adjustment method, which can calm students' emotions, relieve nervous emotions and relieve students' psychology. In addition, the commonly used methods are legal sympathy method, role-playing method, cognitive correction method and game method [15].
Three studies show that different methods of mental health education for college students will produce different effects. Mental health of red teeth students and physical education teaching model;
"1) emphasizes the practice of changing context to improve the anti-interference ability and feasibility of students' psychology;
), strengthen the interaction between role and status, in order to cultivate their organizational ability, adaptability and good interpersonal skills, as well as good behavior quality of helping others;
3) Heterosexuals influence the organization and practice, so that students can restrain their bad behavior before heterosexuality. Promote the cultivation of good thinking quality and develop their healthy and positive personality;
4), and the introduction of sports competition mechanism, to stimulate students' interest and achievement motivation, is conducive to students to form a positive spirit and sense of competition, improve their self-awareness and ability [16].
3. Measurement and evaluation of mental health education.
Strengthening mental health education in college physical education can make students learn mental health knowledge, improve their mental health awareness, optimize their psychological quality and have a good personality psychology. It can be divided into two parts: First, the theoretical knowledge is incorporated into physical education class's theoretical papers, so as to examine students' mental health knowledge about the implementation of mental health assessment and the form of mental health assessment, and feedback the evaluation of students' mental health status to students, so that students can know their own situation in time and how to improve their grades and conduct a more comprehensive assessment. It not only grasps the dynamic changes of college students' mental health, but also provides scientific basis. Cultivate college students' psychological quality and make up for the flat problem of the examination system [17].
Wei and Ping Li, "The establishment of the evaluation index system of mental health education in physical education class should be based on the characteristics of students' physical and mental development, the specific objectives and development of mental health education in physical education class. Therefore, students in primary schools, middle schools and universities should be distinguished, but the level index system you want should include learning, achievement motivation, adaptability, interpersonal skills, ability, creativity, predictable emotional response ability, healthy attitude and personality. The specific method is the same as that of physical practice class. For the first time, the detailed standard of survey of education is used to measure the main indicators of students' psychological load measurement and evaluation, and then fuzzy mathematics is used to comprehensively evaluate [1.
[Abstract]
Exercise itself may affect mental health, positively affect the process of physical education, dig out all kinds of good mental health education materials, different contents, different teaching methods, teaching means, scientific and practical teaching evaluation, and promote the formation of students' healthy psychology in a purposeful and planned way, thus promoting students' physical and mental health. Mental health education is the inevitable requirement of combining physical education with health education in physical education teaching, and it is also the need of physical education development [19]
involve
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