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Portsmouth steel frame house development project. Steel frame usually refers to a building technology, which has a "skeleton frame" composed of vertical steel columns and horizontal I-beams, and is built in the form of a rectangular grid to support the floor, roof and walls of a building, which are attached to the frame. The development of this technology makes it possible to build skyscrapers.

Content [hide]

1 concept

2 light steel frames

See also.

4 external links

5 references

[edit] concept

The rolled steel "profile" or cross section of the steel column is in the shape of the letter "H". The two wide flanges of the column are thicker and wider than the flanges of the beam to better bear the compressive stress in the structure. Square and round steel pipes can also be used, usually filled with concrete. Steel beams are connected to columns with bolts and threaded fasteners, and historically they have been connected with rivets. The central web of I-beam is usually wider than the column web to resist the higher bending moment in the beam.

Wide steel plate can be used to cover the top of steel frame as "formwork" or corrugated mold, which is located under thick concrete layer and steel bar. Another popular option is the floor of precast concrete floor units with some form of concrete surface. Usually in office buildings, the final floor surface is provided by some form of elevated floor system, and the space between the walking surface and the structural floor is used for cables and air handling pipes.

The frame needs fire protection, because steel will soften at high temperature, which may lead to partial collapse of the building. In the case of columns, this is usually achieved by wrapping them in some form of fire-resistant structure, such as masonry, concrete or gypsum board. The beam can be wrapped with concrete and gypsum board, or sprayed with a coating to isolate the heat of fire, or can be protected with a fire-resistant ceiling structure.

The external "skin" of the building is fixed on the frame through various architectural techniques and styles. Bricks, stones, reinforced concrete, architectural glass, metal plates and simple paint are used to cover the frame to protect steel from the weather.

[Edit] Light steel skeleton

See also: frame (construction)

Internal wall columns made of thin galvanized steel plates can be made into steel columns, used as building materials for commercial or residential buildings (as shown in the figure) and many other uses. The size of the rooms is determined by horizontal rails fixed on the floor and ceiling to outline the outline of each room. Vertical columns are arranged on the track, usually at intervals of 16 ",and fixed at the top and bottom. This forms a frame that supports drywall or other facing materials.

The rectangular steel frame of Willis Building, or "perimeter frame" (right), is in contrast to the diagonal frame of No.30 St. Mary's Axis. The main shapes used in residential buildings are C-shaped columns and U-shaped tracks, as well as various other shapes. Frame members are usually produced with a thickness of 12 to 25 specifications. The wall coating is fixed on the two flange sides of the column, with the thickness ranging from 1- 1/4 "to 3", and the web width ranging from 1-5/8 "to 14". Remove the rectangular section from the web to provide a passage for the wires.

Steel mills produce galvanized steel plates, which are the basic materials of light steel. The steel plate is then rolled into the final profile for the frame. The steel plate is galvanized to prevent oxidation and corrosion. Due to the inherent strength of steel, the steel frame provides excellent design flexibility, which allows it to span a longer distance than wood, and also resists wind and earthquake loads.

Light steel structure has been widely used in cold climate countries because of its good thermal performance and structural performance. Reducing heat loss and maintaining thermal comfort are the main driving forces for designing these frames. The main problem to be solved is how the pursuit of thermal efficiency leads to structural weakening and poor fire protection performance. [ 1]

[Edit] See also.

curtain wall

Prefabricated building

Steel structure building

steel frame

BRBF

[Edit] External link

Wikimedia Commons owns media related to the following: steel frames.

Historical development of steel in architecture

Steel frame alliance website

Category: architecture