1564 February 15, Galileo was born in a humble aristocratic family in Pisa, Italy. It is said that his ancestors were famous doctors in Florence, but by his father Galileo Van Sandu's generation, his family had fallen. Van San is a talented composer. He published several pastoral poems and instrumental works before his death. He is also good at mathematics and proficient in Greek and Latin. However, wonderful music can't fill a family's stomach, and his mathematical talent can't get him a good position. Shortly after Galileo was born, Van Sandu opened a small shop selling woolen goods in Florence, not far from Pisa, which was a last resort. But in order to support his family, Fan Sandu had to go into business against his will.
Galileo Jr. is the eldest son of Fan Sandu, and his father placed great hopes on his son. He found that Galileo Jr. was very clever and had a strong curiosity about everything since he was a child. Not only that, the child is also very smart. He never seems to be idle, either painting or playing the piano. Moreover, he often makes many smart motor toys for his brothers and sisters and has a good time. Galileo junior first entered the school of Frenborosa Monastery. In this school, he concentrates on philosophy and religion. For a time, Galileo hoped to be a missionary dedicated to the church in the future. But when Fan Sandu heard this, he immediately took his son home. He persuaded Galileo to study medicine, which he had already designed for his son's future.
At the age of twelve, Galileo entered the monastery of Varosha near Florence and received a classical education. At the age of seventeen, he entered the University of Pisa to study medicine and devoted himself to studying physics and mathematics. Due to the financial difficulties of his family, Galileo left the University of Pisa without a diploma. In a difficult environment, he still insisted on scientific research, studied many works of Euclid and Archimedes, made many experiments and published many influential papers, which attracted great attention from the academic circles at that time and was called "the contemporary Archimedes". He is an indomitable soldier who defends the truth. Engels called him "one of the giants who can break old theories and create new ones regardless of any obstacles".
Galileo studied mathematics at the University of Pisa at the age of 25. Two years later, Galileo angered the church and lost his job because of the famous experiment on the leaning tower of Pisa. After leaving the University of Pisa, Galileo went to teach at the University of Padua in Venice in 1592 until 16 10. This period was the golden age of Galileo's scientific research. Here, he has made fruitful achievements in mechanics and astronomy. In the same year, Galileo published his book "Star Messenger" in the form of popular reading. This book was published in Venice, which caused a sensation in Europe at that time and won a high honor for Galileo. Galileo was hired as "court philosopher" and "court chief mathematician", and he returned to his hometown of Florence.
Galileo continued his scientific research in the court of Florence, but his astronomical discoveries and works clearly reflected the views of Copernicus and Heliocentrism. Therefore, Galileo began to attract the attention of the church. From 16 16, Galileo began to be brutally persecuted by the Roman Inquisition for more than 20 years.
Galileo lived a miserable life in his later years, and celeste, who took care of his daughter, died before him. The grief of losing his beloved daughter blinded Galileo. Even under such conditions, he still didn't give up his scientific research work.
1590, Galileo made a famous experiment of "two iron balls landing at the same time" on the leaning tower of Pisa, which overthrew Aristotle's theory that "the falling speed of an object is proportional to its weight" and corrected this erroneous conclusion that lasted for 1900.
1609, Galileo made an astronomical telescope (later called galileo telescope) and used it to observe celestial bodies. He found the unevenness on the surface of the moon and drew the first map of the moon himself. 161065438+17 October, Galileo discovered four moons of Jupiter, which provided conclusive evidence for Copernicus' theory and marked the beginning of its victory. With the help of a telescope, Galileo also discovered Saturn's rings, sunspots, the rotation of the sun, the profit and loss phenomena of Venus and Mercury, the balance between the moon and Zhou Yue on Sunday, and the fact that the Milky Way is composed of countless stars. These discoveries ushered in a new era of astronomy. To commemorate Galileo's achievements, people named Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto as Galileo satellites.
1642 65438+1At 4 o'clock on the morning of October 8, the great Galileo, a lifelong fighter for science and truth, and a giant of science, died at the age of 78. On the eve of his death, he repeated this sentence: "It takes special courage to pursue science."
I will study hard, be a great scientist like Galileo when I grow up, and win glory for my motherland.