1, the color of moral preaching fades away from social hot issues.
Entering the 2 1 century, the Chinese education circle emphasizes that Chinese courses must strengthen the humanistic edification of students, but mistakenly thinks that humanistic edification is to improve students' moral level. Therefore, in the years after 2000, there were many essays about students' life, such as honesty in 200 1, mentality choice in 2002, and "believe in yourself and listen to others' opinions" in 2004. However, this practice of instilling morality in college entrance examination composition has aroused everyone's disgust. Therefore, since 2005, the proposition of moral preaching has gradually faded. In 2006, it was reduced to only three or four volumes, such as Chongqing volume Stop-and-Go, Jiangsu volume People and Road, and Hunan volume Talking about Emotion.
At the same time, the proportion of neutral topics has increased. The neutral proposition has no obvious conceptual orientation, and the views available for expression are wide and diverse, free and flexible. For example, in 2004, Shanghai volume was "busy" and Chongqing volume was "know yourself and know yourself"; In 2005, the national roll was unexpected, Tianjin roll was left for tomorrow, Chongqing roll laughed at itself, Hunan roll was a running experience, Jiangxi roll was a face, and Guangdong roll was a commemoration. Shanghai, Tianjin, Hubei, Liaoning, Anhui and Sichuan in 2006. In 2007, Fujian volume "Seasons", Tianjin volume "There is a saying that often hangs on my lips", Chongqing volume "Talking about the College Entrance Examination", Shanghai volume "They", Fujian volume "Juice Coffee Mineral Water" and Tianjin volume "Humanity" and other composition topics.
While reducing moral preaching, the topics directly related to real hot spots are also greatly reduced. In recent years, only Zhejiang volume "Humanistic Literacy and Social Development" and Hunan volume "Family Education" were published in 2004. In 2005, Shanghai Volume "Overview of Today's Popular Culture"; In 2006, the national volume "About Reading and Online Reading", in 2007, the national volume "Cong Fei Student Aid Materials", and in 2008, the national volume "Wenchuan Earthquake" and so on. However, the proposition of "Wenchuan earthquake" in 2008 has aroused widespread debate. After all, the college entrance examination composition is not current affairs politics. Therefore, if it is not an extremely important social event, generally speaking, it is unlikely that social hot issues will enter the composition proposition of the college entrance examination in the future.
2. The development trend of the proposition: return to the essence of literature and gradually enhance the cultural color.
The composition of college entrance examination, in a sense, is to examine students' literary writing level. Literature has a certain distance from politics and morality, and it has its own unique connotation: pursuing strong cultural color and aesthetic taste. In the future, such propositions will increase rapidly, which is characterized by absorbing propositional materials from Chinese and foreign traditional classics, or enhancing the aesthetic realm, which is more helpful to stimulate the artistic conception and thinking inspiration of writing. For example, in 2004, Jiangsu volume "Smart Water, Steady Mountain", Hubei volume "Buying a Faint Mirror", Fujian volume "Historical Figures and Literary Figures", Guangdong volume "Language", Jiangsu volume "Phoenix Head, Pig Belly, Leopard Tail" in 2005, Zhejiang volume "One Leaf and One World" and Hubei volume "Inside, Beyond", however, in 2006, Actually, it's very complicated, Guangdong volume Carving Angels in My Heart, Jiangxi volume Swift Lost to Shandong in 2007, Time Will Not Weathering Memories, Beijing volume Reading Ancient Poems and Writing Feelings, Zhejiang volume Walking in Disappearing, Hunan volume Feeling Famous Sentences of Tang Poetry, Shandong volume Spring is Green, and Zhejiang volume Touching the City/Feeling the Country.
To sum up, in recent years, the general trend of college entrance examination composition proposition is more and more normal, cultural and generalized, reducing the tendency of preaching and being too close to the pulse of reality.
3. Proposition enters the post-topic composition era, and "new material composition" and "new proposition composition" appear.
The composition of college entrance examination in China has gone through several stages of development: from 1980 to 1989, it emphasizes philosophy, and the comprehensive literature emphasizes political theory; From 1990 to 1997, the essence of materials is alive and realistic; 1998 to 2003, the open topic was self-determined, the style was self-selected, the way of conception diverged from one to many, and the writing was free and flexible. This kind of composition really provides a relaxed environment for students to develop their specialties. However, in view of the negative effects of this kind of composition, such as stagnation, over-writing, over-freedom, etc., the topic composition has been reduced, and the composition proposition will be restricted in openness and standardized in flexibility.
Since 2004, it has entered the Warring States period, and the national proposition has a tendency to return to material composition, which means that the college entrance examination proposition has entered the era of "post-topic composition". There are original propositional methods such as material composition and propositional composition.
It is particularly important to note that these material compositions and propositional compositions are no longer traditional materials and propositional compositions, but have new connotations.
The characteristics of "new material composition" are: the composition provides materials or pictures, but does not provide topics. Ask candidates to read materials or pictures and write their own compositions according to their feelings and understanding of materials or pictures. This kind of composition is between material composition and topic composition, and its propositional characteristics and writing requirements are similar to topic composition, which can be regarded as a substitute for topic composition. Its writing, first of all, is to turn topic composition into topic composition. The key to transformation is to condense my feelings and understanding of materials or pictures into one sentence, and take it as the topic of my composition. After you have a topic, you can write it according to the requirements of the topic composition.
In recent three years, the forms of propositional materials include fables (The Eagle and the Crow in 2006 and The Eagle and the Young Turtle in 2008), media materials (online survey on reading in National Volume B in 2006), photo materials ("Autumn" in National Volume A in 2007) and realistic materials (successful experience of French chemists in National Volume B in 2007 and new curriculum standard volumes). In the future, the form of material composition may change, but the way of "new material composition" is difficult to change in the near future.
The characteristic of "new proposition composition" is that the composition topic can be regarded as a topic, and you can still make your own ideas and choose your own style, but you don't need to make your own questions.
Compared with traditional topic composition, material composition and propositional composition, these new propositional compositions can better examine students' ability than topic composition, so new material composition and new propositional composition will become the trend of composition proposition in the future.
Second, the 2009 college entrance examination proposition trend forecast
1, propositional way: new propositional composition and new material composition will still be the subject of proposition.
In 2008 18, the topics of college entrance examination composition have lost their dominant position, leaving only two topics: Sichuan paper with the title of "strength" and Shandong paper with the title of "spring comes and grass grows" The new material composition has accounted for half of the country: the national volume 1 and the national volume 2 have 8 questions, and Beijing, Hunan, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Fujian, Hainan and Ningxia have chosen various forms of material composition. There are 8 new topic compositions, which are them in Shanghai, human nature in Tianjin, gestures in Hubei, life in nature in Chongqing, don't say no easily in Guangdong, curiosity in Jiangsu, touching the city or feeling the countryside in Zhejiang, and starting from feeling in Anhui. Some of these propositional compositions have materials and tips in front of them, and then lead to topics, such as Shanghai, Jiangsu, Chongqing and so on. There are also some direct questions, such as Tianjin, Guangdong and Anhui.
The composition of college entrance examination follows the principle of "seeking change through stability", and stability is the foundation. Therefore, the composition proposition in 2009 and beyond will remain stable in "new proposition composition" and "new material composition" and will not change much.
2. Proposition content: both literature and speculative color are equally important.
As mentioned earlier, the composition of the college entrance examination will return to the literary standard and gradually stay away from current affairs, politics and moral preaching. Therefore, neutral propositions with literary colors will account for a large proportion. These topics can be conceived in many ways, which can give students more room for thinking.
In 2008, there were some literary composition topics, such as them in Shanghai, humanity in Tianjin, life in nature in Chongqing, curiosity in Jiangsu, touching the city or feeling the countryside in Zhejiang, and artistic conception of Han Yu's poems in Hunan. I believe that in 2009, such common literary propositions will still occupy a large proportion.
In addition, essays with philosophical connotations that highlight speculative colors will also account for about half of the total. In 2008, topics such as "Spring is coming, the grass grows green" in Shandong volume, "Choose water, tea and coffee" in Fujian volume and "Put stone, sand and water in a cup" in Beijing volume will continue to appear in the composition of the college entrance examination in 2009 and beyond, because this is a common composition topic in the college entrance examination in western developed countries. In the composition of French college entrance examination in 2008, the liberal arts is: 1. Can perception come from education? 2. Is it possible to know life scientifically? 3. Comment on a passage in Sartre's Notes on Ethics.
3. Pay attention to propositions such as "man and nature" and "imagination"
The fading out of college entrance examination composition from moral preaching does not mean the fading out of China's humanistic color. In addition to moral topics, humanistic spirit has increasingly become a topic of social concern. In 2008, the composition of the college entrance examination in Jiangxi Province took the rodent problem in Dongting Lake as the topic, and this kind of topic may appear in the future, so I hope to pay attention to it.
There is also a composition topic that has never appeared in the college entrance examination, which is the composition of students' "imagination". As we know, the new curriculum has improved the innovation ability very early, and foreign college entrance examinations are often taken. For example, American essay questions attach great importance to "imagination". For example, the University of Pennsylvania requires students to write one page of a 300-page self-introduction, Hoops King University requires students to write an article on solving problems by using wires, car stickers, cake boxes and woodworking tools, American universities require students to write a New Year's Day cover story, 20 10, and the University of Chicago gives students an exam topic of writing a TV program plan.
Of course, it is not too difficult for our college entrance examination composition to rely on imaginary topics at first, such as imagining meeting aliens, and candidates can prepare appropriately. If you are prepared, you will have a well-thought-out plan in case you get this topic.
"The soldiers have no constant potential, and the water is impermanent." The famous saying of Sun Tzu's Art of War is also very appropriate in our college entrance examination composition. Although the examination questions are unconventional every year, as long as we grasp the rules and the characteristics and trends of the proposition, we can prepare for the exam in an orderly way and get twice the result with half the effort.
Every time I attend a composition class, I always see such a phenomenon: some students scratch their heads and ears and can't write a word and a half for a long time. When asked, he said, "There is nothing to write about." This phenomenon is still common. What is the reason? I think it is the lack of material accumulation on weekdays. We know that writing an article must first have rich and reliable materials, and articles without materials can only be passive water and trees without roots. Where did the materials come from? It can only come from careful observation and accumulation on weekdays. You can't just make this up.
Throughout the ages, which masterpiece of a famous artist was not made through careful observation of people and scenery? Take Li Jianwu's familiar sketch "Climbing Mount Tai in the Rain" as an example. This essay is different from the scenery described in general travel notes. The author caught a "rain" and wrote the scenery of Mount Tai in "rain", which is unique. Imagine, if the author didn't personally visit Mount Tai in the rain, how could he write the rain color of Mount Tai? I also have deep feelings about this.
I remember that in the second day of junior high school, a teacher assigned an essay topic "Travel Notes in Yuyuan Garden" in the composition class, which was required to be completed in class. I have been to Yuyuan Garden, but it was a few years ago, and my impression is relatively indifferent. At that time, it could only be completed with vague memories and familiar parks. But such an article makes people feel unreal to read. Writing landscapes is familiar, and there is no search. After that, revisit the Yuyuan Garden, observe the experience carefully, and write another article. After reading it, the teacher thinks that he has made great progress in landscape writing because he can grasp the antique architecture of Yu Garden and the "winding" characteristics of the garden pavilion. In short, the premise of writing a good article is to observe more and accumulate more. Otherwise, relying on random fabricated materials to write an article without observation will reduce the appeal of the narrator and the persuasiveness of the argument.
Another common problem in middle school students' writing is that they don't respect the teacher's work, don't care about the teacher's correction, and only look at the score. This is another taboo of composition. Composition is not the sum of all kinds of materials, but also requires certain writing skills to organize. Without a talented writer, the superb writing ability is obtained by studying hard and practicing hard. After writing an article, always analyze its advantages and disadvantages, so that the author can gain something. Read the teacher's corrections carefully, understand the teacher's intentions, and find out your own problems. Only in this way can we gradually improve our writing level by experiencing local failures and successes and gaining positive experiences and negative lessons. Any complacency in this regard is unacceptable. On the contrary, even if you write hundreds or thousands of articles, you can only stagnate.
In short, we should carefully observe the composition of middle school students and accept the opinions of teachers or others with an open mind. Only in this way can we learn from each other's strong points and improve our writing level.