(A) how to write a good historical essay?
1, three elements of historical essays.
(1) argument (viewpoint): the viewpoint should be clear and definite.
(2) Argument (evidence to prove opinions): The evidence should be accurate and realistic. Choose typical historical facts that can prove the argument.
(3) Demonstration (the process of proving opinions with evidence):
A. The logic of the argumentation process should be clear and rigorous, stand scrutiny, and achieve seamless connection between evidence and opinions.
B. The argumentation process should have a "historical flavor" and the words used should be based on the subject language. Theory should be based on history, and history should be combined with theory. It is forbidden to talk in vernacular or simply list historical facts.
2. Written statement: It should be presented in the form of an article, not like a question and answer.
3. Language refinement:
Generally, there is a word limit for small historical papers. We should grasp the key information in the material, and make a draft or draft before writing on the basis of fully understanding the material and the intention of the proposition, so as to ensure that the language is refined and to the point.
(b) Problem solving skills
1, browse the information, find keywords, and make a clear point. Unfortunately, many students didn't keep up with the meaning of the question when refining their opinions, which led to digression and loss of points. Because the ideas in the topic are not comprehensive and cannot be fully understood, we must look at the materials and find out the key words. What are "keywords"? That is, around the theme or center of the material, it reflects the main meaning and gist of the material.
Generally speaking, it depends on the problems in the stem. For example, the "historical premise" in 20 10 actually refers to the conditions or reasons for the germination and development of capitalism, and the "rise of the west" in 20 1 1 means that the rise of the west is the result of its own development, external influence or the joint action of internal and external factors. Of course, if the material is too long, you should learn to deal with it in layers, and the keywords should generally be high-frequency words. Find out the key words and make a clear point of view, and you have completed the first step of the problem.
2. Contact knowledge, list arguments and arrange the structure. Generally speaking, the materials of the essay questions in the college entrance examination questions are not uncommon, but should be familiar to us. In other words, we students have something to write. Otherwise, it will lose the meaning of the exam, and it is not conducive to the selection of the college entrance examination.
For example, the "historical premise" in 20 10 should contact the relevant knowledge of modern world history and use our general method of analyzing problems (historical materialism) to find historical facts from the angles of economy, politics and thought. For example, economically, we can think that the colonial expansion of western European countries has accelerated the primitive accumulation of capital since the opening of the new air route; Or the enclosure movement in Britain provided free labor and funds. At the same time, we should go further, that is, whether we can contact the situation in China, just as China is a negative example, and the combination of positive and negative can deepen the discussion on this issue.
3. Write in words, pay attention to the format, and combine history with theory. As the saying goes, "everything is difficult at the beginning", and writing a paper is no exception. You must make up your mind and write a good beginning. Some students write very long at the beginning, but their views are never clear and a little vague, which is not acceptable. In fact, you don't have to write too much at the beginning, just cut to the chase and write whatever you want. For example, The Rise of the West 20 1 1 wrote that "the rise of the West is the result of the interaction between the development of the West itself and foreign civilizations."
At the same time, we must pay attention to the format. The structure of the test paper should be scored in the college entrance examination score, requiring candidates to segment the test paper and highlight the structure. For example, The Rise of the West at 20 1 1 has at least three paragraphs. The first paragraph is opinions, the second paragraph is external causes, and the third paragraph is internal causes. Better have a summary. If the political, economic and ideological reasons are listed separately, it is better to write them separately, so that there will be a hierarchical structure.
In addition, the combination of history and theory requires students to discuss in history and from history. Be sure to use historical language and avoid oral language. Simple historical facts, or the whole exposition, can't get high marks. For example, the political aspect of 20 10 "historical premise" can not only be said as bourgeois revolution, but should be expressed as "bourgeois revolution clears the way for the development of capitalism"
The overall structure of the paper is: total-divided total. The specific work is to establish sub-arguments, select arguments and preset conclusions around (arguments).