First, adhere to the principle of integrating theory with practice. Theoretical research, especially social science research, must serve reality, socialist modernization and the construction of two civilizations. Theory comes from practice and reacts to practice. Scientific theory plays a guiding role in practice and can be transformed into great material strength through people's practical activities. The task of scientific research is to reveal the regularity of the movement of things, and use this regularity to guide people's practice and promote social progress and development. Therefore, the graduation thesis must pay attention to the reality of socialist modernization and pay close attention to the new situation and new problems in social life. To adhere to the reality of theoretical research and integrate theory with practice, we must spread our feet, go deep into reality and conduct social investigation and research. This is also the basic way for us to correctly understand society. Only when people go deep into reality, widely contact with objective things, get a lot of perceptual materials, and then use scientific logical thinking methods to get rid of the rough and extract the essence from these materials, and then, from the outside to the inside, can we find a new topic that is practical and suitable for our own research. In the practice of China's reform and opening up, new situations, new problems and new experiences emerge one after another, and problems that need to be studied are all over the society. As long as you have a strong interest in practical problems and a high degree of sensitivity, and are good at capturing vivid and typical realistic materials, through in-depth thinking and research, you can get a regular understanding that is conducive to socialist modernization and improve the value of your graduation thesis. Of course, writing a graduation thesis has a wide range of topics, not limited to real-life problems, but also can study professional basic theories and comparative studies between China and the West. However, no matter what research topic you choose, you should implement the principle of integrating theory with practice, make the past serve the present and make foreign things serve China, learn from historical research that is beneficial to the development of real society, learn from foreign research, learn from their successful experiences and failed lessons, or provide some basis for China's foreign policy. To implement the principle and method of integrating theory with practice, we must study hard and master theoretical weapons. Comrade Li Ruihuan pointed out: "Emphasizing integration with practice does not mean denying the importance of reading. On the contrary, read carefully, read repeatedly, study hard, and truly understand and comprehend. Otherwise, if you don't master theory, how can you talk about integrating theory with practice? " (Qiushi Magazine No.24 1989) Serious reading includes two aspects: First, learn professional courses well and have basic professional knowledge. This is the prerequisite and necessary condition for writing a graduation thesis. Experience tells us that only with the corresponding level of knowledge accumulation can we understand a certain depth of academic problems; At the same time, only with a specific knowledge structure can we study the problems of a certain subject. As Hegel said, before discussing academic issues, we must "have some knowledge", otherwise, "without the basis of discussion, they can only wander in vague and meaningless situations". (Preface to the Third Edition of Little Logic) Second, we should seriously study the basic principles of Marxism and learn to use Marxist positions, viewpoints and methods to analyze and solve problems. Marxism correctly reveals the most general laws of the development of nature, human society and thinking, and has become a powerful ideological weapon for the proletariat and revolutionary people to understand and transform the world. As a great cognitive tool, Marxism does not directly provide answers to various specific problems, but it provides us with correct positions, viewpoints and methods on how to correctly discover, analyze and solve problems. Therefore, when writing graduation thesis, college graduates should learn and master the basic theory of Marxism, and consciously use Marxist positions, viewpoints and methods to guide the writing of graduation thesis. Second, the argument should be scientific and the viewpoint should be innovative. (1) The argument should be scientific. The scientific nature of graduation thesis means that the basic viewpoints and contents of the article can reflect the objective law of the development of things. The basic idea of the article must come from the analysis and research of specific materials, not from subjective imagination. The function of scientific research lies in revealing laws, exploring truth and opening up ways for people to understand and transform the world. To judge whether a paper is valuable, the first thing is to look at the scientific nature of the viewpoint and content of the article. The scientific nature of the article first comes from the careful investigation and study of objective things. Master a lot of rich and practical materials, making it "the foundation of seeking things and the way to accomplish things." Secondly, the scientific nature of the article usually depends on whether the author can adhere to the scientific attitude of seeking truth from facts when observing and analyzing problems. In scientific research, neither personal prejudice nor conformity is allowed, let alone imagination. But from the analysis, and strive to truly reflect the true colors of things. Thirdly, whether the article is scientific or not depends on the author's theoretical basis and professional knowledge. Writing a graduation thesis is based on the achievements of predecessors, using the scientific theories put forward by predecessors to explore new problems. Therefore, we must accurately understand and master the predecessors' theories and have a broad and solid knowledge base. If you don't know anything about the scientific achievements in the fields involved in the graduation thesis, it is impossible to write a valuable thesis. (2) The viewpoint should be innovative. The innovation of graduation thesis lies in its value. The innovation of the article, in general, requires that we should not simply repeat the views of our predecessors, but must have our own independent opinions. The reason why academic papers should be innovative is determined by the purpose of scientific research. Fundamentally speaking, people carry out scientific research in order to understand those areas that have not been recognized by people, and the writing of academic papers is the written expression of research results. Therefore, the research and writing process itself is a creative activity. In this sense, if an academic paper is not creative, it is not scientific research, so it cannot be called an academic paper. Although graduation thesis focuses on the basic training of students' scientific research ability, creativity is still a basic requirement it emphasizes. Of course, we should correctly understand the specific requirements of academic papers, especially graduation papers. It can be manifested as achievements in new fields that have not been explored by predecessors and new topics that have not been done by predecessors; It can be manifested as further research on the basis of predecessors' achievements, new discoveries or new opinions, and the formation of a family statement. It can also be manifested in re-summarizing and expressing existing materials or opinions from a new perspective. The article can scientifically explain new problems in real life and propose solutions, which is naturally creative; Even if we just put forward some new phenomena and problems that can arouse people's attention and thinking, it is still a kind of creativity. In the "Regulations on Invention Awards" issued by the Achievement Bureau of the State Science and Technology Commission 1983 in March, it was pointed out: "In scientific and technological achievements, only innovation in the objective world is invention, and ... as for scientific achievements in understanding the objective world, that is discovery." The regulations clearly stipulate "new": "new" refers to what the predecessors did not have. What is known and what is published is not "new". These regulations can be used as an important basis for us to measure the creativity of graduation thesis. Third, the argument should be informative and rigorous. (1) The argument should be informative. It is not enough for an excellent graduation thesis to have a good theme and viewpoint. It must also be supported by sufficient and informative argumentation materials. Graduation thesis is different from general argumentative thesis, which is the remarkable feature of graduation thesis. In a general argumentative essay, the author only needs to analyze one or two arguments to prove a point, while the graduation thesis must take a lot of argumentation materials as the basis and pillar of his own point of view. Every time the author establishes an opinion, he should consider: what materials are used as the main evidence and what materials are used as circumstantial evidence; Whether you will have different opinions or negative opinions on your own views, and how to explain or refute the objections held by others. The opinions and opinions that the author is required to put forward in the graduation thesis are really his own, and in order to make his own opinions recognized by others, there must be a lot of sufficient and convincing reasons to prove his correctness. The argument of graduation thesis should be sufficient and applied appropriately. It is impossible and unnecessary to quote all the research results, facts, incisive expositions, all the actual data, observation results and investigation results in a paper, but take what is necessary and discard what is dispensable. Arguments serve arguments, and simple material accumulation can not only prove arguments, but also powerfully explain arguments, on the contrary, it gives people a feeling that the article is dragging its feet, chaotic and meaningless. Therefore, it is very important to choose the necessary arguments in the collected materials. Generally speaking, we should pay attention to the novelty, typicality and representativeness of the argument, and more importantly, we should consider whether it can effectively explain the point of view. The materials and data cited in the graduation thesis must be correct and reliable, which can withstand scrutiny and verification, that is, the correctness of the argument. The specific requirement is that the cited materials must be confirmed repeatedly. First-hand materials should be fair, verified repeatedly, personal likes and dislikes and assumptions should be removed, and their objective truth should be retained. Second-hand data should be traced back to the source, find the exact source, and deeply understand its meaning, and cannot be taken out of context. Quoting other people's materials serves your own argument, not as an ornament to the chapter. When quoting other people's information, you need to make some efforts to screen and identify it, so as to be accurate. When writing your graduation thesis, you should quote your own practical data and survey results as evidence. If the content of the article is the result of the author's own personal practice, then the value of the article will increase many times. Of course, for college students with limited knowledge and few practical opportunities, it is inevitable to repeat the work of others in the first scientific research and quote more practical achievements and data of others in their graduation thesis. But if the content of the whole article is a combination of indirect things, and you get very little, it will completely lose the meaning of writing a graduation thesis. (2) Strict argument is the method and process of proving an argument with arguments. The argument should be rigorous and logical, so as to make the article convincing. The author should proceed from the overall situation of the article, put forward, analyze and solve problems according to the laws of objective things and the procedures of people's understanding of objective things, so that people's logical procedures and cognitive procedures can be unified and the whole article can form a logical whole. Locally speaking, the analysis of a problem and the explanation of a phenomenon should reflect a relatively complete process of concept, judgment and reasoning. Graduation thesis is an article style based on logical thinking, which demands to understand a large number of scientific styles, reflect the essence or law of things through concepts, judgments and reasoning, and infer the unknown from the known. All kinds of graduation thesis adopt this thinking form. Social science papers often use known facts and take the form of inductive reasoning to gain an understanding of the unknown. In order to make the argument rigorous and logical, we must: (1) judge the concept accurately, which is the premise of logical reasoning; (2) Explain the process of understanding objective things in a hierarchical and orderly manner; (3) The leap process from "reality" to "emptiness" and from "thing" to "reason" should be embodied by combining the theory with the reality, that is, from perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge. In addition, writing graduation thesis should also pay attention to the clarity and standardization of style. Academic papers, investigation reports, popular science books, feasibility reports, publicity outlines, etc. Everyone has their own characteristics, and they should not be confused with each other in writing methods. References:

/2004/ 10-3 1/ 142032