At present, the psychological problems of teenagers are increasing day by day, which should arouse widespread concern in society. It is an important duty and obligation of educational institutions to study the mental health problems of teenagers, understand the causes of their mental health, and then explore measures to solve the problems. The following is what I arranged for you for your reference.

Fan: Analysis of Adolescent Mental Health Abstract At present, the psychological and behavioral problems that threaten the health of adolescent students in China are increasingly prominent, and psychological barriers are the main inducement for adolescent students to have abnormal psychological behaviors and even lead to crimes. According to the characteristics of teenagers in this age group, combined with a lot of practical experience, this paper investigates and studies the psychological status of teenagers and puts forward some countermeasures.

Keywords teenagers; Society; mental health

2 1 century, with the continuous progress of society, the study of physical health has new characteristics of the times, especially the study of adolescent mental health has become the focus of current school physical education and the main goal of current school physical education curriculum reform. With the social progress and economic development, people pay more and more attention to the "health" problem. Based on the characteristics of teenagers in this age group, this paper investigates the psychological status of teenagers through literature review and investigation.

1 Causes of psychological problems of teenagers

According to relevant literature reports, nearly 40% of primary and secondary school students have different degrees of mental health problems, and the biggest factor comes from family. Family disharmony, tense parent-child relationship and improper family education are the main family factors that cause adolescent psychological problems. The teenagers in this family are relatively sensitive and suspicious and have poor psychological endurance. Self-blame and self-denial are their main psychological characteristics. The influence of these factors makes middle school students face great psychological pressure and feel confused and sleepy about many problems. Secondly, learning, the problems around learning are the main part of teenagers' mental health problems, fierce competition and the influence of the media. In addition, schools pay too much attention to the enrollment rate, which leads to families and schools only paying attention to imparting knowledge to students and cultivating intellectual factors, ignoring the development of students' mental health. The specific performance is fear and weariness of learning. Although the education authorities require schools to "reduce the burden" and not make rankings, students' heavy schoolwork and monthly rankings, such fierce competition, make students' mental pressure more and more serious. For teenagers, academic performance directly affects their future studies, which makes their psychological qualities, including mood, personality, self-awareness, personality tendency, social communication and adaptability, often in a state of spontaneous formation and blind development. Finally, social environment and interpersonal communication, with the impetuous and quick success of emotional infection, and even the bad atmosphere of pleasure and violence pursued by film and television works, will have an impact on their outlook on life and value orientation. Teenagers cherish and yearn for friendship, and their emotional characteristics make them pay special attention to emotional communication in interpersonal communication. When they are misunderstood, discussed or even argued, they often close themselves and deny themselves.

2. Psychological status of teenagers

2. 1 Mental health problems of middle school students

The main symptoms are lack of endurance, easy to be misunderstood, inattention, lack of self-confidence, love to worry, lack of observation, too worried about the future, easy to get angry, parents' expectations are too high, and lack of decision-making ability. With the development of modern society, the competition is more and more fierce, and parents and society have higher and higher expectations for teenagers, which leads to more and more mental pressure on teenagers at school. Excessive mental stress seriously affects their mental health development.

2.2 poor autonomy and adaptability

Children who are alienated from their parents, spoiled and timid at home, shy and depressed teenagers are often troubled by loneliness. Such children and teenagers often feel threatened with failure because they have poor skills and lack of experience when doing things with others. So I think playing with everyone is better than playing alone. From middle school to college, to cultivate their independent living ability, some students will feel at a loss when they enter a living environment where their parents do everything. Some students even pack their dirty clothes and mail them home for cleaning. Unable to adapt to the living environment quickly, some students are emotionally unstable, and some even have the idea of dropping out of school. Poor environmental adaptability is one of the main problems of adolescent mental health at present.

2.3 can not correctly treat the fierce competition in the learning environment, feeling difficult to coordinate interpersonal relationships.

Because academic performance directly affects students' scholarship evaluation, honorary title and future employment choice, the study pressure increases, which leads some students to lose their confidence in learning. Because teenagers come from all corners of the country, with different family backgrounds, personal qualities and living habits, it is difficult for them to communicate, and there is no conflict of interest and no one to talk to. In the long run, it is easy to form a psychological tendency of interpersonal sensitivity, paranoia and indifference among teenagers, which will endanger his study and life.

2.4 can not correctly treat the setbacks in life.

Teenagers expect too much from success, and when they encounter setbacks and life misfortunes, they will be dragged into the abyss of painful reality from the ideal world of lofty sentiments. The so-called remorse is remorse. When something unpleasant happens, it is not considered as someone else's problem, but often considered as one's own fault, and there is a tendency to fear what one has done. This tendency is called self-reproach. If this tendency goes to extremes, it will underestimate, blame, belittle and despise itself. This state is mainly sad and melancholy, and poor adjustment will greatly affect the establishment of teenagers' self-confidence and positive outlook on life. If we can't guide him correctly, it will inevitably lead to a strong emotional rebound, especially emotional entanglements, which will easily lead to the spread of negative emotions. If we can't get rid of the emotional shadow as soon as possible, it will have a negative impact on people with weak willpower and poor self-control, and even lead to tragedy. Sometimes I want to cry loudly for no reason, shout loudly, or see what I want, I must get it, want to fly away for no reason, or want to die. These are called impulsive tendencies. This idea of doing dangerous or stupid things is caused by the inherent anxiety tendency.

3 countermeasures

The information between human brain and muscle is two-way, that is, nerve excitement can be transmitted from brain to muscle and from muscle to brain. Related research has long proved that mental illness will lead to physical illness through certain channels if it is not improved for a long time. Whether it is mental illness or physical illness, if it cannot be prevented and treated in time and effectively, it may transform into each other, leading to the deterioration of the disease. Therefore, strengthening school physical education, strengthening students' physique and improving their health level are extremely important for preventing and treating physical and mental diseases and ensuring the physical and mental health of young students. Compared with natural physical activities, sports are different in intensity, content and exercise form. For example, sprinting requires a short incubation period and a good perception of distance and speed. For another example, in a football match, it is necessary to know the position of the players, to have a wider range of attention, to take the ball forward, to prevent the other side from blocking, and to be good at distracting. Almost any sports event requires athletes to have good will qualities such as courage, persistence, fearlessness and teamwork, as well as diverse feelings such as optimism, friendliness, stealing quickly and being open-minded. As far as a person's natural development level is concerned, the above psychological activities and psychological characteristics can certainly not meet the needs of physical education learning and sports competition. However, in the sports activities carried out by students in order to continuously improve their sports level or defeat their opponents, the original psychological level is gradually improved. In other words, the contradiction between the new demands of sports and the original psychological level promotes the development of psychology. Therefore, attaching importance to physical education, strengthening physical exercise and strengthening physical and mental resilience have a positive impact on improving the mental health level of teenagers. Scientific physical exercise can enhance physical fitness, and through physical exercise, the body can develop normally, providing a solid material foundation for mental health development. Physical education is an active activity process, which can effectively shape people's behavior, so it can also promote individual mental health. The downward movement of social competition makes the majority of middle school students suffer from the pressure of study, life and interpersonal relationship, and the number of psychological obstacles is increasing year by year, which is not optimistic. With the continuous development of quality education, mental health education has been paid more and more attention by educators and psychologists. For the third time, the whole church identified mental health education as the main content of moral education, and paid special attention to it, demanding "strengthening students' mental health education, cultivating students' tenacious will and hard struggle spirit, and enhancing teenagers' social adaptability." "

refer to

Zhou Lijun. Investigation and study on the influencing factors of adolescents' participation in sports activities in Zhejiang Province [J], Journal of Institute of Physical Education, 20 10/0,234:19-22.

[2] Gao Famin. Sports psychology [M]. Beijing: People's Education Press, 2009.

[3] Yuan Cunzhu. Research on Adolescent Mental Health and Sports Intervention [J]. Journal of Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, 201kloc-0/:44-46.

[4] Wu Guodian, Zhang,. Research progress on the current situation and influencing factors of adolescent poor eyesight [J]. Medical Theory and Practice, 2009, 18 1: 29-3 1.

[5] Liang Bing. Investigation on the present situation of extracurricular sports activities in senior high schools and its countermeasures [J]. Journal of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education: Social Science Edition, 20 102.

Fan Wener: Socialization theory. First, the concept and standard of adolescent mental health.

Mental health is a good and continuous mental state and process. Because of the different basis for determining the standard of adolescent mental health, scholars at home and abroad provide different judgment standards and different emphasis. For example, Maslow believes that teenagers who are completely self-fulfilling are mentally healthy. American scholar Atkinson believes that teenagers who have a correct understanding of their abilities, can bear personal and social responsibilities, and have a stable and coordinated personality structure are mentally healthy teenagers. Generally speaking, mentally healthy teenagers have the following signs: first, they can fully understand themselves, have good self-awareness and self-knowledge, and are proud of their own advantages, but they are not depressed by their own shortcomings and maintain self-esteem and self-confidence; Second, life has ideals and goals. We must have the courage to fight hard, and we must be able to treat life setbacks correctly, so as to "win without arrogance and lose with grace"; Third, have good interpersonal skills, be able to accept the shortcomings of others and communicate with others with an inclusive and positive attitude. In the process of getting along, respect is more than jealousy, trust is more than doubt, appreciation is more than hatred; Fourth, when encountering the outside world, I have strong emotional control ability and maintain behavioral coordination and psychological balance; Fifth, cherish life, love life, treat things with optimism and hope, and always maintain a positive attitude. Therefore, mentally healthy teenagers hold a positive, open, realistic, dialectical and accessible attitude towards life, both in study and in life.

Second, common mental health problems of adolescents

Wijkman, a famous psychologist, divided the maladjustment behavior of teenagers into aggressive behavior and aggressive behavior. Aggressive behavior is related to treating others, such as truancy, provocation, resistance, non-cooperation, lying, stealing, fighting, vandalism and other rebellious behaviors. Aggressive problems are related to self-treatment, such as withdrawal, negativity, pessimism, inferiority complex, self-harm and suicide. Wickman's research also found that both teachers and parents pay more attention to aggression, overestimate its seriousness, and try their best to restrain teenagers' rebellious behavior. What is often overlooked is self-deprecating aggression, which is often the root of teenagers' rebellious behavior. Therefore, mental health researchers pay more attention to teenagers' aggressive behavior. Only by truly entering the inner world of teenagers and putting yourself in their shoes can we solve the problem from the root. In real life, the common mental health problems of teenagers in China can be summarized as follows:

The problem of foreign aggression

1. selfish

It is said that "selfishness is an obstacle to success", but teenagers in transition will be selfish to varying degrees. The competition in today's society is fierce, and the ethos of "every man for himself, the devil takes the hindmost" prevails. So many people say that selfishness is human nature. There is a folk saying that selfishness never understands whether it is a part of all mankind or whether all mankind is a part of it. In fact, when a baby is born, his self-concept is like a blank sheet of paper. After three stages of sequential development, I have nothing, I have nothing, I integrate things, and the self-concept of children's health gradually develops. In these three stages, family and society play an extremely important role. Parents spoil their children too much, instill such bad ideas as "just sweep the snow in front of their own house, others sweep the frost in front of their own house", and the negative influence in society, which leads some teenagers to stay in the stage of having me without me, and fail to organically integrate subjectivity and objectivity, self and environment. This strong self-centered consciousness caused by the obstacle of self-concept development is selfish and irresponsible in behavior, and always sees only oneself without considering the feelings of others. This will indirectly lead to a series of problems such as interpersonal crisis of teenagers. Therefore, selfishness is not only an unhealthy self-concept, but also the root of other abnormal psychology and behavior.

fight against

There are many reasons for teenagers' rebellion, mainly because of the unsynchronized physical and mental development. The rapid physical development of adolescence makes them feel that they have grown up and that they can do many things independently without relying on their parents and teachers. But in fact, adolescence is only the initial period of the formation of outlook on life and values, with insufficient ability and naive thinking. Therefore, in the eyes of parents and teachers, teenagers still need guidance and care. This contrast between ideal and reality will naturally arouse the resentment of teenagers, and their sense of adulthood will drive them to resist. Because they are worried that their existence will be ignored, teenagers often do something unexpected in order to be unconventional and conspicuous. Although rebellious psychology has not developed to the point of unhealthy psychology, it is also a kind of abnormal psychology when it suffers from a strong reaction. Although not equal to abnormal psychology, it has the characteristics of abnormal psychology. From the case of "Shen Peng killing his mother" in Chengdu, to the case of hacking his grandmother to death in Wenzhou, and then to the case of a young girl killing her grandmother in Guangdong, these successive cases show that we must pay attention to the rebellious psychology of teenagers, pay attention to their subtle psychological changes at ordinary times, communicate with them in time, respect their ideas and communicate on an equal footing.

Second, the issue of internal aggression.

1. Depression

As the saying goes, "A teenager doesn't know what it's like to worry." But this sentence is gradually broken by the increasingly serious social and psychological health problems. More and more teenagers are under various psychological pressures. Because teenagers don't have to bear the pressure from family and society, many people don't understand why teenagers are depressed and have unsolvable problems. However, the seemingly insignificant problems of adults, such as academic pressure, family problems, and barriers to making friends, are enough to destroy the psychological defense of some children. The main causes of adolescent depression can be roughly divided into two aspects:

The internal cause of 1 is related to the personality characteristics of teenagers themselves. There are no two identical leaves in the world, and everyone's personality is varied and different. Some children are naturally extroverted and optimistic. They see the bright side and have a positive attitude towards life. Some children are introverted and quiet, do not like to communicate with others, are withdrawn and suspicious, often pay attention to the negative side of things, and are not good at expressing their inner feelings. When they encounter unexpected setbacks in life, they are more inclined to close themselves and escape from reality. The second type of teenagers are usually at high risk of depression.

2 external factors, that is, related to parents' educational methods and social influence. Parents' longing for their children, tight school courses and great pressure on learning have caused great ideological burden to teenagers. A considerable number of teenagers are depressed because of improper family education. Parents provide excellent material security for their children, but ignore their psychological communication. At the same time, the failure of social evaluation criteria is another important reason for adolescent depression. Pay too much attention to academic performance, but ignore the cultivation of children's inner character, thinking that children with good grades are good children, and children with poor grades do nothing right. In the long run, teenagers live in confusion, self-confidence and anxiety, and become less and less talkative, which leads to depression and a series of serious social problems and tragedies.

2. Self-mutilation

The survey shows that teenagers who have self-harm behavior have different degrees of psychological problems, and they regard self-harm behavior as a way to vent their inner pressure. There is an essential difference between self-harm and suicide. Self-mutilation may not have suicidal thoughts, but I just hope to get * * * by destroying my body. As the saying goes, "body and skin are for parents." What is the reason why teenagers don't care so much about their health? Generally speaking, it can be summarized as follows: First, family factors. Discordant families, too many childhood misfortunes, too strict parental discipline, or frequent abuse and beatings will all lead to self-punishment and self-mutilation of teenagers. The second is self-pressure. Many teenagers pursue perfection too much, and if they don't achieve the expected results, they will punish themselves with self-harm. The third is herd mentality. According to related reports, two Taipei middle school students agreed to cut their wrists with a knife at the same time and then wrap them with the same handkerchief as a mark. This kind of self-harm behavior is considered by the students to be courageous and courageous, and they have followed suit. Teenagers' way of thinking is still immature, and they often blindly pursue what they think is the "trend". In recent years, the phenomenon of teenagers' self-harm has become more and more serious, and various reports about teenagers' extreme self-harm behavior are common.

commit suicide

This is the last scene people want to see, and the importance of children to the family is self-evident. Why does the suicide rate of teenagers remain high? Suicide can be divided into two categories: suicide threat and suicide behavior. The former wants to commit suicide against the discipline of parents and teachers, and often threatens suicide. This behavior may come from the rebellious psychology of protecting self-esteem, and his heart still hopes to live a better life. The latter is due to pessimism, losing the courage and confidence to live. These teenagers are often deeply tortured by perennial depression, unable to find the direction of life, unable to see the value of their existence, and feel that life is worse than death, so that they have suicidal thoughts. Suicide, whether as a means or as a purpose, reflects that some teenagers have serious mental health problems.

Third, the factors affecting adolescent mental health problems

family factors

At any time, the status of family education is always the most important, and parents play an extremely important role in the process of shaping children's personality. Therefore, improper family education is often the root of adolescent psychological problems. Improper family education can be roughly divided into the following four categories: doting. There are more and more only children now. Parents love their children too much and accommodate their unreasonable demands. Self-feeling is a sign of loving your children. But the fact is, they hurt their children, spoil them, and cultivate willful and selfish "little emperors" and "little princesses", who don't know how to share and are difficult to get along with others. Let it go. Some parents are indifferent to their children's growth, their children's advantages are not praised and encouraged, and their shortcomings are not corrected. I think this is to imitate the western way of free education, and it is also helpful to cultivate children's good conduct without arrogance and rashness. As we all know, parents are the guiding lights in the process of children's growth. They clearly tell their children what is right and what is wrong, thus ensuring that their children have a correct driving direction on the track of life. In addition, parents do not pay attention to their own moral and ideological cultivation, and bad behavior erodes children's minds imperceptibly, which makes children develop their own bad behavior and unreasonable bad behavior. Authoritarian type. Parents interfere too much in their children's lives and think that everything they do is for their children's good, and children should obey all their own arrangements. Children lack the opportunity to think independently and lose their private time and space. If the child resists a little, or fails to meet the expectations of parents, it will be rude to the child and even corporal punishment will occur. In the long run, children's inner resentment will accumulate, which will not only affect their feelings with their parents, but also lead to psychological problems. Overeducated. Parents always have high expectations for their children, and always hope that their children can do something for themselves that they have never done and regret. In this way, regardless of children's own hobbies, children are required to learn their specialties, read books and participate in various competitions, which increases their psychological burden and leaves a bad psychological hidden danger. This is one of the disadvantages of family education at present, and it is also one of the reasons why teenagers have psychological problems.

Second, the school factor.

Since ancient times, China has had the theory that "everything is inferior, only reading is high". Many people devote their lives to becoming famous. Today, China's school education has not been able to shake off the influence of exam-oriented education. Scores seem to be the only yardstick for judging a child. Under this single evaluation standard, every exam is equivalent to a war that can only succeed but not fail, which leads to psychological overload of children. In the face of fierce competition for further studies, children are thinking hard and memorizing in the sea of questions. They have endless homework and problems all day, and they have to go to cram schools and special classes on weekends, so they can't appreciate the fun of learning at all. Causes the child to be physically and mentally exhausted and nervous. When there are problems, such as failed exams and tense interpersonal relationships, they will feel depressed and get sick over time. Once, a girl who was about to take the college entrance examination said anxiously, "I'm really afraid I can't get into college." The teacher said that if I can't get into college, my life will be over, and I won't have much success in the future. " The competition of the college entrance examination and the pressure of entering a higher school have kept her in a state of high tension. Teenagers are still in a state of perfect physical and mental development, and their psychological endurance is still immature and fragile. Inappropriate and unscientific educational methods in schools will lead to excessive psychological burden on teenagers, resulting in psychological obstacles, forming the idea that once they fail to enter the ideal school, their future is hopeless and their ideals are empty, and eventually they will become depressed into illness.

Third, social and environmental factors.

The reform and opening-up policy has brought unprecedented prosperity to China's economy, and people's material life has been greatly improved, but it has also been impacted by multiculturalism. In recent years, China local culture and foreign culture have been in a state of constant conflict and mutual compromise. China is still in the stage of social transformation, and it is difficult to achieve effective integration of multiculturalism at present. Cultural differences can easily lead people to doubt the original values, which are gradually weakening or even losing their functions, and the new values are scattered and unsystematic. This makes it more difficult for immature teenagers to adapt to social life, resulting in cognitive obstacles and behavioral anomie of teenagers, causing their inner confusion, anxiety and discomfort, behavioral deviation and deviance. The influence of social factors on teenagers' mental health is mainly manifested as follows: First, social factors are increasing. With the rapid development of modern society, the pace of life is accelerating, and environmental pollution and noise are increasing day by day, which seriously interferes with the normal rest, study and health of primary and secondary school students. Second, the increase of unhealthy factors in society, such as audio-visual products and books full of violence and pornography, and a large number of computer game software, is very easy for young people with weak self-discipline to indulge in it. The problem of teenagers' internet addiction and staying at home in winter and summer vacations have seriously hindered their study, life and personality development. Third, houses are becoming more and more isolated, life is becoming more and more closed, and even people who have lived for more than ten years don't know their neighbors, which seriously limits the interaction between children and partners, leading to an increase in loneliness. Teenagers lack communication with their peers, which leads to many psychological characters that cannot be developed and improved.

IV. Countermeasures and Significance of Solving Adolescent Mental Health Problems

Teenagers are the future of the motherland and the hope of the nation. Therefore, it is an important part of quality education to carry out mental health education and solve the psychological problems of teenagers in time. Starting from its root causes, this paper puts forward the following three countermeasures:

Friendly communication between family members.

The most important thing between parents and children is communication. Good communication can not only eliminate the gap between parents and children, but also make children deeply feel the love of their parents and grow up healthily and sunshine. First of all, parents should know how to respect their children's ideas and be willing to listen to their voices. When ideas conflict, ask children to obey unconditionally, communicate with them calmly, let them understand their parents' ideas slowly, and accept their parents' cognitive ideas at the same time, so as to reach a * * * understanding of things.

Second, the school scientifically creates a learning atmosphere.

The school is a place to teach people and impart knowledge. Schools should create a good learning atmosphere for children, instead of paying too much attention to academic performance and grading children according to their achievements. Educators should really give up comparison and understand and accept the differences of each child. In addition, teenagers can really understand their psychological state through a series of psychological lectures and other activities, or ask professional psychological teachers to guide children with psychological problems from time to time.

Third, the social media environment actively guides.

The society should strengthen the protection measures for teenagers and effectively protect their interests. With the advent of the Internet age, the Internet has become an important position of ideological education for teenagers. Therefore, the relevant state departments should legislate to regulate people's online behavior and severely crack down on mass media, television, books and websites that spread bad information. In addition, we should strengthen the construction of community culture, give full play to the guiding and edifying functions of cultural positions such as libraries, science and technology museums, children's palaces and museums, and guide young people to pay attention to activities beneficial to society and body and mind. All walks of life should publicize the positive spirit and guide young people to form a correct world outlook, outlook on life and values.