From 1957 to 1976, influenced by the "Left" errors within the Party for a long time, the correct policy towards Yunnan established by the Party in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China was trampled on wantonly, and the policy originally based on the reality of frontier nationalities was slandered as "the theory of frontier particularity" and "the theory of national backwardness", and even "redrawing classes" in ethnic areas, and public grievances were everywhere. The party's policies and measures are seriously divorced from Yunnan's reality, and class struggle is used instead of ethnic work. Under the guidance of the wrong ideological line, the party's policies have seriously deviated from the reality of Yunnan, and the productive forces have been seriously damaged, making people's lives very difficult.

1978 12, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee was held. This is a meeting with far-reaching historical significance since the founding of New China. It fundamentally broke through the serious shackles of "Left" errors, re-established the Marxist ideological line, political line and organizational line, and made a strategic decision to shift the focus of the whole party's work to socialist modernization. Around the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Yunnan, like the whole country, held a big discussion on "Practice is the only criterion for testing truth". Through the discussion of the standard of truth, the ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts has been re-established, enabling Yunnan to re-examine its own provincial conditions and formulate various policies from reality.

The understanding of the provincial situation is a gradual process, which has probably gone through three stages:

In the first stage, in the 1980s, the provincial party committee summarized the situation in Yunnan Province as "the trinity of frontier, nationality and mountainous area". Although this generalization is in line with reality, there is still no correct understanding of the stage of socialist development in Yunnan, and there is no scientific and systematic summary of the advantages and disadvantages of Yunnan's development.

The second stage: from the end of 1980s to the mid-1990s, under the guidance of the Central Committee's theory on the primary stage of socialism, and on the basis of previous provincial party committees and governments' understanding of the provincial conditions, the scientific summary that "Yunnan is at a low level in the primary stage of socialism" was put forward. This view was first put forward by Comrade Pu, then secretary of Yunnan Provincial Party Committee, at the provincial conference on ethnic and frontier work in June 1987. After several in-depth studies by the provincial party Committee, theory is integrated with practice. Finally, at the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Session of Yunnan Province in June 1997, the provincial party committee summarized the situation in Yunnan Province: Yunnan is still in the primary stage of socialism. It also summarizes the characteristics of "four lows and four highs" in Yunnan's economic and social situation: the degree of social development is low and the degree of regional development imbalance is high; The level of productivity development is low, and the proportion of natural and semi-natural economy is high; The scientific and cultural quality of workers is low, and the proportion of illiterate and semi-illiterate is high; The overall living standard of the people is low, and the proportion of poor people is high. This conclusion has played a positive role in understanding the situation and accelerating development in Yunnan.

The third stage: from 1999, based on the low-level understanding of the primary stage of socialism, the provincial party Committee further put forward the advantages of Yunnan's development and made clear the development ideas. At the 9th meeting of the 6th Yunnan Province from 65438 to 0999, the provincial party committee made a new summary of Yunnan's situation: First, Yunnan is a "treasure house of biological genes" and a "kingdom of biological resources", with low productivity and relatively rich resources. Secondly, Yunnan is the province with the largest concentration of ethnic minorities in China, and it is a rare multi-ethnic area in the world, with diverse cultural forms and rich ethnic cultural resources. Third, Yunnan is located at the junction of China, Southeast Asia and South Asia. It can cross Southeast Asia by land and communicate with countries along the Indian Ocean. The border line is 4060 kilometers long. Yunnan has the innate conditions to implement the international channel economy strategy, and it is also the only province in China that has the advantage of economic cooperation with Southeast Asian and South Asian countries through land development. On this basis, three strategic goals of Yunnan's development are put forward.

The first step strategy: From the end of 1980s to the mid-1990s, under the leadership of the fourth and fifth provincial committees, Yunnan objectively analyzed the development situation of Yunnan's border areas, mountainous areas and ethnic minority areas under extremely weak productive forces, gave full play to Yunnan's resource advantages, selected suitable start-up industries, and formulated "based on agriculture, develop agriculture to promote light industry, and rely on light industry to accumulate funds". The second step strategy: Facing the 2 1 century, the pace of economic globalization is accelerating, and the international and domestic situation has undergone major changes. The central government put forward the development of the western region and made a strategic decision to accelerate the development of western provinces and regions. After 13 years of unremitting efforts, China successfully joined the WTO, which changed the economic geography of China, made the economy and society develop on the platform of the world, and a series of new development opportunities and challenges appeared in front of Yunnan. How to develop 2 1 century requires Yunnan to have a higher and further strategic vision and make a scientific orientation at a new historical height. With the deepening understanding of the provincial conditions, on the basis of the development laid in the previous stage, focusing on the three advantages of Yunnan's natural resources, ethnic culture and location conditions, 1999, at the ninth plenary session of the Sixth Provincial Party Committee, the Yunnan Provincial Party Committee further put forward the "three major" goals of building a strong green economy province, a strong ethnic culture province and an international corridor connecting China with Southeast Asia and South Asia.

The third step strategy: With the rapid development of China's economy, the CPC Central Committee proposes to adhere to Scientific Outlook on Development, maintain comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable economic and social development, and build a harmonious socialist society. In order to maintain the sound and rapid development momentum of Yunnan's economy and society under the new situation, new requirements are put forward for Yunnan's innovative development ideas, such as coordinating urban and rural development, coordinating regional development, coordinating economic and social development, coordinating the harmonious development between man and nature, coordinating domestic development and opening up. On June 5438+065438+ 10, 2006, at the eighth Party Congress, the provincial party committee put forward new strategic goals and development ideas for building a rich, civilized, open and harmonious Yunnan, which will surely push all social undertakings in Yunnan to a new level.