I. Introduction
20 16 June, China became the first 18 full member of washington accord. The formal entry into washington accord means that the quality standards of engineering education in China have achieved international substantive equivalence, which can promote the scientific certification of engineering education in China and improve the quality of engineering education. Fire-fighting engineering specialty should take the opportunity of joining washington accord to promote the construction and sustainable development of fire-fighting engineering specialty, build an education system of fire-fighting engineering specialty that meets the requirements of military posts, and realize the dynamic and effective docking of knowledge, ability and quality of fire-fighting engineering professionals with the development needs of the country, society and the army.
Second, the opportunities and challenges brought by China's entry into washington accord.
Washington accord was initiated on 1989 by engineering education accreditation bodies in six English-speaking countries, including the United States. It is the most authoritative and influential mutual recognition agreement for four-year undergraduate engineering education degrees in the world. The purpose is to establish a mutually recognized engineering education certification system, realize mutual recognition of engineering degrees through multilaterally recognized engineering education certification results, and promote the international flow of engineering and technical personnel. China officially joined the washington accord, which indicates that China's engineering education quality standards have achieved international substantive equivalence, and the engineering education quality assurance system has been internationally recognized, which will certainly help China's engineering education to integrate into the development of world engineering education. At the same time, we should also clearly realize that "substantial equivalence" puts forward higher requirements for the training of engineering talents. At present, the training quality of engineering professionals in China cannot meet the needs of the rapid development of industrial reform. Mutual recognition of engineering education requires colleges and universities to promote the teaching reform of engineering education in accordance with international advanced concepts and effectively improve the quality of engineering education personnel training.
Thirdly, the enlightenment of certification standards to the construction of engineering specialty.
Students' academic performance is an important evaluation standard of international equivalent engineering education. Most members of washington accord adopt the "goal-oriented" certification standard, with students' academic performance as the evaluation basis of teaching effect, and promoting the continuous improvement of majors as the ultimate goal of certification [1]. This certification standard brings many inspirations to the construction of engineering specialty in China:
(A) according to the demand-oriented training objectives.
Internal demand and external demand are the starting points of the design principle of output-oriented conceptual direction. Training objectives are determined by demand, graduation requirements are determined by training objectives, and curriculum system is determined by graduation requirements. Through reverse design and forward implementation, "internal and external needs" are both the starting point and the end point, thus ensuring the consistency of educational goals and results to a great extent [2]. The internal demand depends on the teaching rules of higher education, the orientation of running a school and the needs of students, teachers and other teaching subjects. External demand mainly refers to the needs of the state, society, industry and employers. The needs of the country and society are the main basis for formulating the general goal of talent training in schools; The demand of industry and employer is the main basis for setting the training goal of professional talents and constructing the structure of professional education knowledge, ability and quality.
(B) According to the goal-oriented curriculum system.
In the export-oriented educational concept, demand determines the training goal and runs through the training process. The setting of curriculum system, the support of software and hardware conditions and the allocation of teachers are all to ensure the realization of training objectives [3]. The training goal defines the level, types, main employment fields and nature, main social competitive advantages of talents to be trained in the next five years, with the focus on what students "achieve". The training goal determines the graduation requirement, which is a concrete description of the knowledge and ability that students should master when they graduate, focusing on what students can do after completing their professional studies. Then, reverse design the curriculum system according to the graduation requirements. The curriculum system must be implemented in each specific course one by one, and each course should contribute to the achievement of graduation requirements.
(C) according to the ability-oriented reform of teaching mode
According to graduation requirements, the reverse design of curriculum system needs to be realized through curriculum teaching, including the integration of theoretical teaching and practical teaching, the first classroom and the second classroom. This requires us to change from teaching-centered to student-centered and student-oriented learning effectiveness; From knowledge system as the center to ability achievement as the goal; Reform teaching methods, vigorously promote case-based and seminar-based teaching mode, and extend the teaching content from in-class to out-of-class in time and space, so that students can truly become the masters of learning; Attach importance to the construction of the second classroom; Increase the investment in practical teaching, strengthen the combination with the industry, and strengthen the cultivation of students' practical application ability in engineering.
(4) Continuously improve and improve quality assurance.
The realization of continuous improvement is based on quality monitoring and evaluation, and the feedback mechanism is the core. Only by constantly discovering problems, feeding back problems in time, responding quickly and improving effectively can we realize a virtuous circle of continuous improvement. Continuous improvement needs multiple closed loops, which are independent and interpenetrating, including in-class loop, in-school loop and out-of-school loop. In-class circulation, that is, curriculum evaluation, improves teaching according to the evaluation results, including curriculum objectives, curriculum content, textbook selection, teaching methods, teaching effects, etc. Campus environment, that is, the quality monitoring and evaluation of teaching process, improves the training process and graduation requirements according to the problems found in the monitoring process and the evaluation results of graduation requirements; Off-campus loop, that is, stakeholders are widely invited to participate in quality evaluation, including graduate tracking feedback mechanism, employer evaluation system, social evaluation mechanism involving alumni, parents and industry entrepreneurs.
Fourthly, the exploration and practice of fire engineering specialty construction based on washington accord.
The concept of "student-centered, goal-oriented and continuous improvement" points out the direction for the construction of higher engineering education, especially the construction of fire engineering specialty. The fire engineering specialty of Armed Police College was founded in 1999, which is a national specialty. In recent years, the college attaches great importance to the construction of fire engineering specialty, insists on taking talent training as the center and serving the development of students as the foundation, and gradually establishes the goal-oriented engineering education concept. Starting from the aspects of training objectives, curriculum system, actual combat teaching and training (practical teaching), serving students' development, supporting conditions, and the construction of quality assurance system, efforts are made to solve practical problems such as the incompatibility of talent training objectives with the national security situation and the rapid development needs of the army, the inability of professional curriculum system to effectively support the realization of training objectives, the relative weakening of actual combat ability training, and the inefficiency of teaching quality monitoring and assurance system. We will build an education system for fire engineering majors that meets the post requirements of the army, and realize the dynamic and effective docking of the knowledge, ability and quality of fire engineering professionals with the development needs of the country, society and fire forces.
(A) around the service-oriented, clear personnel training objectives.
The goal and standard of talent training is the focus of undergraduate education, and it is also the fundamental standard to measure the quality of specialty construction and talent training. The 20 16 version of the personnel training program of the Armed Police College first determines the overall objectives and standards of personnel training, as well as the classified training standards of applied command and management talents and professional and technical talents. According to the differences of training specifications of different police types, the overall objectives and standards of three types of personnel training are determined. According to the characteristics of different majors, determine the training objectives of each major, further refine the professional training standards, highlight the characteristics of professional personnel training, and avoid professional homogenization. The personnel training goal of the Armed Police College has formed the personnel training goal and training standard system at the overall level-police level-professional level. According to the overall goal of talent training in colleges and universities, the training goal of fire-fighting professionals and the actual demand of the army for fire-fighting professionals, the fire-fighting engineering specialty determines the training goal and standard, and expresses the professional training specifications and requirements from the aspects of professional knowledge, professional ability and professional quality, while the requirements for fire-fighting police are reflected in the basic specifications and requirements of fire-fighting professionals.
(B) adhere to the goal-oriented, optimize and improve the teaching system
The college highlights the educational characteristics of fire engineering specialty, determines the graduation requirements of fire engineering specialty based on the knowledge, ability and quality required by the certification standard of engineering education specialty, and reversely designs the goal-oriented curriculum system according to the graduation requirements. According to the idea of modular construction of ability, according to the training goal of fire engineering professionals, students' academic ability, post-holding ability and innovation ability are determined, and these three abilities are further decomposed into professional core abilities. Focusing on the training goal of fire engineering professionals, three core competencies are determined, namely, the ability to engage in fire supervision and inspection, the ability to check the fire design of building projects, and the ability to check and accept the fire of building projects.
Determine the core curriculum around the three core competencies, and determine the curriculum system based on the core curriculum. Specifically, before the teaching plan is determined, the corresponding table of professional core competence-curriculum-knowledge and skill points is formulated, the professional core competence is systematically sorted out, the sub-competencies supporting the core competence are demonstrated and studied, the courses are classified into different sub-competency modules, and the mutual support relationship between courses is defined in the form of charts, thus forming a synthesis of "theoretical teaching generates thinking ability, practical teaching generates employment ability, daily management generates military and political ability, and post experience generates development ability".
(3) Adhere to the standard of combat effectiveness and vigorously promote the reform of actual combat teaching and training.
The college insists on the standard of combat effectiveness throughout the whole process of personnel training, and insists on the gradual upgrading of military basic training, professional core ability training, law enforcement ability training and post-holding ability training. Cognitive practice, scientific research practice, professional practice and graduation practice system are connected, and curriculum experiment, scientific and technological innovation and social practice are organically integrated, so that physical skills can reach the standard and skill competition runs through the whole training process. The proportion of practical teaching of fire engineering specialty ranges from 1 1. Especially in students' internships, professional comprehensive drills and major activities, a series of special skills training and practical training activities close to the army and focusing on actual combat were carried out, which created approximate real work scenes and organized students to participate in the "9? 3 "Military parade, G20 Summit in Hangzhou and other major events have strengthened students' post-holding ability and professional work ability. Actively respond to the national integration of defense and civilian technologies strategy, establish joint training bases in tianjin fire Research Institute, Shenyang Fire Research Institute and China Institute of Building Science, and jointly carry out laboratory construction and personnel training with Gulf Safety Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing Aerospace Changxing Technology Development Co., Ltd. and Tyco International Co., Ltd. ..
(D) Pay attention to personalized training and fully serve the development of students.
1. Optimize and adjust the elective course system. In order to implement the educational concept of "teaching students in accordance with their aptitude" and expand the space for students' self-development, the college has built a flexible and open elective course system. Ensure the proportion of elective courses, so that the proportion of elective course hours to the total planned hours is kept at about 15%, and constantly enrich the elective course resources of various majors; Expand the freedom of course selection, and expand students' autonomy in course selection by reducing the number of elective modules and canceling too many restrictions on knowledge modules; Improve the elective course mode, build a package and combined elective course system, and guide students to master and learn relevant knowledge of career development; Innovating the elective system of practical skills, putting forward and implementing the elective system of practical skills in public security colleges for the first time. The practical operation and professional skills that students should have are set into several subjects, which are chosen by students, properly guided by teachers and mainly practiced by students.
2. Establish and improve the credit system management mode. Fully implement the academic year credit system, construct diversified courses and flexible academic management models, and form a trinity credit system academic management model of course credits, grade point credits and reward credits. Students must complete all required course credits before graduation; Taking GPA credits as the basic basis for evaluating students' academic quality and scholarship evaluation; Give full play to the incentive role of reward credits, encourage students to actively participate in national, provincial and ministerial level discipline competitions, and serve as new training squad leaders and other special training activities. Establish an academic incentive mechanism combining majors with minor majors, and cultivate compound talents with interdisciplinary professional knowledge structure.
3. Build an online learning platform to meet the needs of modern learning. The college has built six characteristic teaching resource libraries, including excellent course resource library, multimedia courseware library, case library, teaching achievement library, excellent graduation thesis (design) library and professional comprehensive exercise library. In recent years, in order to actively adapt to the profound changes in education and teaching brought by the "internet plus" and modern information technology, a large number of high-quality online resources such as open online courses have been brought into the talent training system, and mixed teaching combining online and offline has been explored. 20 14 to build a network teaching platform for massive open network courses in Armed Police College, introduce more than 50 network general courses, and build 3 massive open network courses, all of which are open to students and managed according to the elective course mode.
(five) adhere to the platform support, efforts to strengthen the construction of conditions.
The college has four professional laboratories, namely National Virtual Fire Simulation Experimental Teaching Center, Practice Teaching Demonstration Center of Fire Protection Specialty, Key Laboratory of Fire Fighting and Rescue Technology of Ministry of Public Security, Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Fire Exploration and Identification Center of Fire Material Evidence, as well as Safety Technology and Engineering Laboratory, Fire Protection Basic Laboratory, Fire Protection Engineering Laboratory and Fire Protection Practice Training Laboratory, which provide a good platform for experimental training teaching and scientific research of fire protection engineering specialty. Fire engineering majors employ 17 local scientific research institutes and frontline experts of fire fighting forces as visiting professors, and employ 10 many well-known experts and scholars at home and abroad to give lectures in the institute every year, and send teachers to the United States, France, Russia, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Singapore, Taiwan Province Province, Hong Kong and other countries and regions as well as domestic universities and scientific research institutes for academic exchanges and professional training. As a pilot unit for the informatization construction of the Armed Police College of the Ministry of Finance, the informatization construction of the College has made great progress in the past five years, and a "three horizontals and three verticals" overall informatization framework has been constructed, as well as a parallel network pattern of Internet, public security network and campus network. New upgraded information infrastructure such as integrated combat command center, simulation exercise center and cloud data center.
(6) Insist on continuous improvement and establish a closed-loop teaching quality assurance system.
Adhering to the educational philosophy of student-oriented, goal-oriented and continuous improvement, the College has gradually established "one center"-focusing on serving students' development, "two combinations"-combining self-evaluation with external evaluation, and "three cycles"-in-class cycle, in-hospital cycle and out-of-hospital cycle after years of exploration and practice. "Four Checks"-school preparation check, daily teaching operation check, overall evaluation of classroom teaching quality, review of key links, "Four Evaluations"-faculty evaluation, faculty evaluation, grass-roots teaching evaluation, specialty and curriculum evaluation, and "five feedbacks"-teaching quality guarantee system and operation mode feedback from students, teachers, colleges, leaders and troops.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
In recent years, the Armed Police College insists on using the national school-running standards to test and measure the school-running level. 2065438+May 2006, Armed Police College participated in the undergraduate teaching audit and evaluation of the Ministry of Education. The main practices of the college in running a school, reforming the talent training mode, and building the fire engineering specialty have been highly affirmed by the evaluation experts of the Ministry of Education. In the future, Armed Police College will take China's formal entry into washington accord as an opportunity to further strengthen the construction of fire engineering specialty, establish a quality standard system for personnel training that meets the actual needs of fire forces and has international competitiveness, and strive to promote the fire engineering specialty to pass the international engineering education quality certification as soon as possible.
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