Enterprise financial management is an important part of enterprise production and operation management, which runs through the whole process of enterprise management. Enterprise financial management focuses on the business objectives of maximizing profits and minimizing risks, raising funds, putting in funds, and supervising and controlling financial activities. The financial level of enterprises is in the core position in the development of enterprises, which is directly related to the survival and development of enterprises.

Under the background of economic globalization, the market economy is highly developed. With China's entry into WTO, enterprise investment and income risk coexist, and enterprise financial management plays an increasingly important role in enterprise management. Traditional enterprise financial management can no longer meet the needs of modern financial management, which greatly restricts the development of enterprises. Comprehensively manage enterprise budgets and capital investment, strengthen financial supervision, and promote the integration of financial services. Deepening enterprise financial management is of great significance for improving enterprise economic benefits.

First, the concept analysis of enterprise financial management

(A) the definition of enterprise financial management

Enterprise financial management refers to the organized management of enterprise financial activities and financial relations under the guidance of national laws, regulations, principles and policies, according to the objective laws of national economic development and the requirements of enterprises for fund management, and is an important part of enterprise production and operation management.

(B) the function of enterprise financial management

Financial management, as an important part of enterprise management, its significance lies in realizing the business objectives of enterprises. As independent commodity producers and operators, enterprises should not only maximize profits as much as possible, but also develop steadily, enhance the liquidity of enterprises and avoid risks. Therefore, the function of financial management is to maximize profits and minimize risks. Specifically:

1, raise funds. The financial management department must raise enough funds for the enterprise to repay the creditors and meet the funds needed for the development and expansion of enterprise production. Enterprises can obtain funds from different channels, but when making financing decisions, the financial department must compare and choose the capital costs of various financing methods, so that a certain source of funds and its quantity are consistent with the needs of enterprises.

2. Money. Accounting managers should participate in the investment of funds together with relevant managers, make decisions that directly affect the utilization of enterprise resources, and determine how to effectively use existing assets to reduce waste and unnecessary expenses. In order to make investment decisions, the financial management department should be responsible for collecting and analyzing relevant information and calculating the return on investment.

3. Income distribution. The income from investment and operation is used to make up for the consumed means of production. On the one hand, according to the principle of socialist distribution, individuals distribute according to work; On the other hand, we must ensure the national and financial revenue.

4. Supervise and control financial activities. Through supervision and control, all kinds of resources of the enterprise can be reasonably and effectively utilized, the production and operation ability of the enterprise can be fully tapped, the management can be improved, and the maximum economic effect can be achieved with less consumption.

(C) the principles of financial management

Enterprise financial management is an important link in enterprise management. Generally speaking, enterprise financial management must follow the following three principles.

1, principle of balance between risks and benefits

The goal of maximizing shareholders' wealth depends on the balance between risk and profit. Generally speaking, the higher the risk of an investment project, the higher the expected return on investment. In order to achieve the goal of maximizing shareholders' wealth, financial managers must best balance risk and profitability.

2, the principle of reasonable proportion

The matching principle means that the funds needed for short-term assets should be raised by short-term liabilities, while the funds needed for long-term assets should be raised by long-term loans. If the matching principle cannot be well followed in financial management, a series of problems will arise. If too much long-term funds are used to finance the demand of current assets, it will damage the profitability of enterprises. If fixed assets are financed by short-term funds, it will lead to a shortage of funds.

3. The principle of time value of money

There are two factors that determine the time value of money: one is the length of time and the other is the rate of return. The longer the term, the higher the interest rate, the higher its future value and the lower its present value; On the contrary, the shorter the term, the lower the interest rate, the lower its future value and the higher its present value. The financial management department should fully consider the time value of money, follow the principle of time value of money, and fully and reasonably use funds.

Second, the new form of enterprise financial management development

Financial management is the product of the rapid development of commodity economy, which develops with the development of commodity economy. Under the background of economic globalization, with the establishment of China's market economy system, especially after China's entry into WTO, enterprise financial management has developed in all aspects, which is very different from traditional financial management.

(A) the impact of China's accession to the WTO on corporate financial management

1, the influence of financial market changes on enterprise financial management.

First, the financing of enterprises will be more difficult, and the cost and risk of financing will be greater.

No matter what kind of enterprises will be in a position of fair competition in the financial market, they can only obtain funds by virtue of good economic benefits, promising market prospects and sustained and high-speed economic growth. Enterprises are facing the potential competitive pressure from other enterprises all over the world. Therefore, it will be more difficult for enterprises to finance, and the cost and risk of financing will be greater. The channels and ways for enterprises to raise funds must be cautious in order to strive to maintain the optimal capital structure.

Second, investment opportunities and investment risks coexist.

After China's entry into WTO, facing the current situation of international operation, enterprises will face many new investment opportunities. [Paper LunWenNet.Com] In order to enhance the competitiveness of products in the international and domestic markets, well-funded and technology-intensive enterprises should increase their investment in high-tech industrial bases, but the increasingly fierce market competition will make the related investment risks greater, and enterprises must strive to reduce investment costs and risk losses in order to obtain a higher return on investment.

2, changes in the economic structure of corporate financial management.

The demise of the world will lead to changes in China's economic structure, some protected sectors and capital-intensive sectors in China will be greatly impacted in the process of economic globalization, and some enterprises with poor asset quality will accelerate bankruptcy. In order to strengthen and reshape the competitive advantage, some enterprises carry out internal reconstruction, or adopt capital operation methods such as mergers and acquisitions and restructuring to implement external expansion. The divestiture in the process of internal reorganization of companies, the capital operation in the process of inter-company mergers and acquisitions, the reorganization and liquidation in the process of enterprise bankruptcy, etc. Will become an important topic of enterprise financial management.

3, laws and regulations, the impact of changes in the fiscal and taxation environment

After death, the existing laws and regulations in China that conflict with WTO rules will be gradually revised. Enterprise financial management personnel must be familiar with the new legal and regulatory environment, otherwise, it may lead to financial decision-making mistakes and bring unnecessary losses to enterprises.

(B) the characteristics of modern enterprise financial management

Modern enterprise financial management is an economic management work that organizes enterprise financial activities and handles financial relations in accordance with the requirements of modern enterprise system and the principles of financial laws and regulations and financial management. It is a sublation and development on the basis of traditional financial management, which is obviously different from financial management with closed, ex post and static characteristics.

1, financing investment has become an important part of enterprise financial management.

Modern enterprises can finance and invest by absorbing investment, issuing stocks and bonds, borrowing from banks and financing leasing, which is a complete enterprise behavior. Whether it can be accurately predicted beforehand, strictly controlled in the process and carefully analyzed afterwards is related to the life and death of the enterprise. This is an important function and task given to financial management by modern enterprises.

2, financial management has risen to the center of enterprise management.

Financial activities include financing, investment, consumption, recovery and distribution. The raising of funds restricts the scale and development of enterprises; The investment of funds determines the development direction and potential of enterprises; The consumption of funds is related to the production cost and competitiveness of enterprises; The recovery of funds affects the debt repayment reputation and capital turnover of enterprises; The allocation of funds determines the consumption and accumulation of enterprises, and also determines the interests of investors, operators and employees. Thus, financial management is related to the survival and development of enterprises. Moreover, strengthening financial management plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining and increasing capital. Therefore, grasping financial management will grasp the key of enterprise management, which can drive other aspects of enterprise management and improve enterprise performance.

3. Financial management cost is a "barometer" reflecting the production and operation of enterprises.

In the market economy, the capital movement of enterprises is the most comprehensive, which comprehensively and systematically reflects the main processes and aspects of enterprise production and operation, and embodies the complex economic relations formed by commodity production and exchange. Whether the capital turnover of an enterprise is healthy, whether the production and sales are smooth, and whether the operation is proper can all be reflected from the financial indicators, prompting the enterprise to adjust quickly.

(C) the status quo of modern enterprise financial management

Under the new situation, enterprise ownership and management rights are separated, and enterprises become the main body of independent operation. The efficiency of an enterprise depends entirely on the external market environment and the internal management level of the enterprise. As the management department of capital operation, the importance of financial management department has always been highly valued. This is mainly manifested in the comprehensiveness of financial management: the financial management of modern enterprises runs through the whole process of enterprise management. We should not only manage the collection, use and profit distribution of funds, but also study the business environment, national macro policy, marketing strategy, business scale and reasonable tax burden of enterprises.

1. In terms of raising funds, financial management should study the scale and method of raising funds, how to borrow money, or issue stocks, whether to raise funds internally or through borrowing, adjust the ratio of self-owned funds to borrowed funds, fully consider the financial risks that can be borne, and avoid a vicious circle of repaying loans with loans.

2. As far as the use of funds is concerned. Financial management should adjust the proportional relationship between productive expenditure and unproductive expenditure, and the proportional relationship between various departments of the enterprise, especially the investment ratio between products, should focus on key products, supplemented by secondary products.

3. As far as the business environment is concerned, financial management should study the geographical location, regional policies and living standards of enterprises. If you enter an economic development zone or a high-tech park, what kind of preferential policies can enable enterprises to achieve the best economic benefits and avoid mistakes and unnecessary losses due to policy reasons?