The national health system video conference held by the Ministry of Health on June 28th, 2004+June 28th, 2004 required all localities to effectively strengthen food hygiene. The person in charge pointed out at the meeting that although China's food hygiene has made great progress, there are still three major problems: first, microbial pollution, which is the most important factor affecting China's food hygiene and safety, followed by source pollution such as planting and breeding, abuse and residue of pesticides, veterinary drugs and prohibited feed additives are the main reasons for food source pollution, and the impact caused by clenbuterol has not been completely eliminated so far. The third is the problem of manufacturing and selling fake and shoddy food.
Modern people pay attention to color, fragrance and taste, and everything is fast. Food additives are widely used in today's food processing industry. It is really difficult to find a food without additives, because the production of processed food and fast food products must rely on some additives to be preserved for a long time. Food additives can improve the stability of food quality, prevent food from spoilage and improve food properties. According to the source, it can be divided into two categories: natural and chemical synthesis, and according to the use, it can be divided into essence, perfume, pigment, antioxidant, bactericide, flavoring agent, sweetener, bleaching agent, loosening agent and nutritional enhancer. However, it is reported that in the past 40 years, countries have abused food additives, resulting in endless poisoning incidents. According to analysis, about 50% of the 5 million people who suffer from cancer every year in the world are caused by food pollution, and some of them come from food additives, such as bezoar and alkaline locust yellow in pigments, saccharin in artificial sweeteners and diethyl pyrocarbonate, which have been banned, all of which are suspected carcinogens.
Preservatives are the most important food additives, which have the chemical function of killing microorganisms or inhibiting their reproduction. Although most preservatives are non-toxic and low-toxic, the side effects will be obvious if the dosage is too high. At present, the commonly used preservatives in China are sorbic acid, methyl sorbate, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, phytochemicals, carbon dioxide, nitrate, nitrite and sulfurous acid. Among them, sulfite is more dangerous to cause cancer, such as sulfite in soy sauce, which will undergo nitrosation after entering human body, generating carcinogenic nitrosamines, causing cancer of liver and esophagus.
There are many carcinogens in food pollutants, such as some carcinogenic pesticides; Some potential carcinogens in container packaging materials and equipment; Improper use of food additives can also cause cancer; There is also a common food pollution carcinogen 3,4-benzopyrene. The causes of chemical pollution are: ① the extensive use and improper use of pesticides. ② Use food additives that do not meet the hygiene requirements. (3) The use of substandard packaging containers may cause soluble harmful substances on the containers to enter food when contacting with food, such as lead in ceramics and vinyl chloride monomer in PVC plastics, which may be transferred to food. For another example, the wax on the packaging wax paper may contain benzo (a) pyrene, and the colored ink and printing paper may contain polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which are particularly easy to dissolve in foods rich in oil. (4) Environmental pollution caused by unreasonable industrial emissions will also endanger human health through the food chain.
Some food pollutants also have mutagenic effects. Mutations, such as those in germ cells, can lead to obstacles to normal pregnancy, even infertility, fetal malformation or premature death. Mutation, if it occurs in somatic cells, will cause abnormal proliferation of cells that no longer proliferate under normal circumstances, thus forming the basis of canceration. Food-related mutagens include benzo (a) pyrene, aflatoxin, DDT, dieldrin and alkyl mercury compounds.
Some food pollutants can induce cancer. For example, feeding mice moldy corn or peanuts containing aflatoxin B 1 can induce liver cancer. Carcinogens related to food include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic amines, chlorinated hydrocarbons, nitrosamines, inorganic salts (some arsenic compounds, etc. ), aflatoxin B 1 and biological alkylating agent (such as epoxide in highly oxidized oil).
What other links in food pollution will produce carcinogens?
It's smoking Direct contact with flue gas should be avoided during baking and drying of cereal food; Avoid direct contact with flames when smoking food.
Abuse of pesticides. Long-term unreasonable use of pesticides will cause food pollution. At present, it has been proved that it has carcinogenic effect on animals, and large doses can poison people, while small doses can accumulate in the human body for a long time. Some pesticides will produce nitroso compounds in the body, which are potential carcinogens.
Talcum powder. Talcum powder is widely used in candy processing plants all over China, especially in the processing of soft sweets. Some people think that the high incidence of gastric cancer in Japan may be related to the fact that the rice eaten by Japanese people is coated with glucose mixed talcum powder during rice milling. According to electron microscope observation, talcum powder particles were found in 6 gastric cancer cells of 7 Japanese gastric cancer tissues.
Improper use of food additives. At present, it is found that some food additives used in the past have carcinogenic effects on animals, such as artificial pigment cream yellow, which has been banned; Nitrosamines can be synthesized from chromogenic agents nitrate and nitrite in vivo. China has strict dosage limits on additives.
Dietary imbalance is also one of the carcinogenic factors. Too much, too little or unbalanced nutrients in the diet can cause tumors. If the diet is high in fat, animal fat and animal protein, it is easy to cause intestinal cancer and breast cancer. Eating too much animal fat may increase the risk of cancer such as pancreatic cancer and prostate cancer. Some researchers believe that eating a lot of dairy products may promote kidney cancer. Eating more cellulose in the diet can reduce the occurrence of intestinal cancer.
There is a lot of evidence that alcohol will increase the incidence of cancer. 195 1 year reported that esophageal and gastric cardia cancers were related to drinking habits. It is believed that alcohol will increase the incidence of oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, liver, breast, colon, rectum and lung cancer. Many alcoholics, especially alcoholics, smoke at the same time, which is very dangerous because tobacco and alcohol have a synergistic effect of inducing cancer.
Dietary calorie supply exceeds consumption, leading to excessive fat storage and obesity, which not only increases the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes and cholecystitis, but also increases the risk of cancer, including endometrium, breast, gallbladder, colon, rectum and kidney.
To sum up, the incidence of cancer is closely related to diet. Looking at the colorful foods on the market today, most of them grow up quickly after being fed with artificial feed, such as fish, eel, turtle, chicken, duck and goose. Bigger and fatter than before. Some additives in feed contain progesterone, and some delicious seasoning additives exceed the standard. There are many carcinogenic factors around our lives in the barbecue stalls in the bustling sections such as Beijing Road and Shangxiajiu Road (benzopyrene and nitrous acid can be produced due to high temperature carbonization during barbecue). In addition, modern people are nervous at work, some people don't pay attention to the combination of work and rest, and bad hobbies and living habits are all factors that increase the incidence of cancer. It is suggested that on the one hand, the government should strengthen the monitoring and supervision of food and food additives and preservatives; On the other hand, we should do a good job in health education, guide the public to develop good health habits and living habits, and reduce the chance of cancer. Some experts pointed out that a reasonable diet and smoking ban can reduce one-third of cancers.